The DOI matches its Crossref record; 246 of the 246 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; 60 of the 307 sources its claims cite were checked for support.
Placenta Praevia and Placenta Accreta: Diagnosis and Management: Green‐top Guideline No. 27a
Open accessAbstract
Diagnosis and management of placenta praevia and placenta accreta spectrum. Clinical guidelines for identifying risk factors, surgical management, reducing hemorrhage, and planning cesarean delivery.
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Claims the paper makes
130 No full text of the sources · 27 Partly supported · 16 Supported · 11 No basis given · 6 Own interpretation · 5 Supported so far · 3 Sources not found · 3 Own method · 2 Not supported · 1 Couldn’t confirm · 1 Not checked yet · accuracy not yet measured
At least one cited source doesn’t support this claim or points to a different paper, and none confirmed it — see the verdicts below.
In the paper
“Population studies have shown that placenta accreta spectrum remains undiagnosed before delivery in one-half 136 to two-thirds of cases.120”
What the sources say
- Disputedcites [136] 136. Bailit JL, Grobman WA, Rice MM, Reddy UM, Wapner RJ, Varner MW, et al.; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (MFMU) Network. Morbidly adherent placenta treatments and outcomes. Obstet Gynecol 2015;125:683-9. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Citation 120 is attached to the two-thirds figure, but the Results report that 53.2% of cases were suspected before delivery, leaving 46.8% unsuspected. The Discussion likewise says about half were suspected. This source supports an undiagnosed proportion near one-half, not two-thirds. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [120] 120. Thurn L, Lindqvist PG, Jakobsson M, Colmorn LB, Klungsoyr K, Bjarnad ottir RI, et al. Abnormally invasive placenta-prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries. BJOG 2016;123:1348-55. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Disputed
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Compared with vaginal birth, a previous prelabour caesarean section is associated with an increased risk of placenta praevia in the second delivery (adjusted OR [aOR] 2.62, 95% CI 1.24-5.56).27”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [27] 27. Downes KL, Hinkle SN, Sjaarda LA, Albert PS, Grantz KL. Previous prelabor or intrapartum cesarean delivery and risk of placenta previa. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:669.e1-6. source
The Abstract Results directly compare prior prelabor cesarean delivery with vaginal delivery and report increased risk of placenta previa at the second delivery (aOR 2.62, 95% CI 1.24–5.56). The Results section reports the same adjusted estimate. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“ART is associated with a higher incidence of placenta praevia independent of the high rate of multiple pregnancies generated by the technique used.30,31”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [30] 30. Grady R, Alavi N, Vale R, Khandwala M, McDonald SD. Elective single embryo transfer and perinatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Fertil Steril 2012;97:324-31. source
- Supportedcites [31] 31. Korosec S, Ban Frangez H, Verdenik I, Kladnik U, Kotar V, Virant-Klun I, et al. Singleton pregnancy outcomes after in vitro fertilization with fresh or frozen-thawed embryo transfer and incidence of placenta praevia. Biomed Res Int 2014;2014:431797. source
The Introduction states that placenta praevia generally occurs more often in IVF pregnancies. The Discussion reports placenta praevia among the study’s singleton IVF pregnancies, so the association is not solely attributable to the higher rate of multiple pregnancies after ART (pages unavailable in our copy). (LLM, conf=0.87)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Apparent placental 'migration' following the development of the lower uterine segment during the third trimester of pregnancy results in the resolution of the low-lying placenta in 90% of the cases before term.[38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [38] 38. Dashe JS, McIntire DD, Ramus RM, Santos-Ramos R, Twickler DM. Persistence of placenta previa according to gestational age at ultrasound detection. Obstet Gynecol 2002;99:692-7. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [39] 39. Cho JY, Lee YH, Moon MH, Lee JH. Difference in migration of placenta according to the location and type of placenta previa. J Clin Ultrasound 2008;36:79-84. source
- Partly supportedcites [40] 40. Eichelberger KY, Haeri S, Kessler DC, Swartz A, Herring A, Wolfe HM. Placenta previa in the second trimester: sonographic and clinical factors associated with its resolution. Am J Perinatol 2011;28:735-9. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report that 90% of placenta previas had resolved by 34 4/7 weeks, before term. However, that figure covers complete and marginal previas together; 98% of marginal previas resolved. The paper does not attribute resolution to placental “migration” caused by development of the lower uterine segment. (LLM, conf=0.87)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre trial including 109 women at 24 +0 to 33 +6 weeks with at least one episode of placenta praevia bleeding and intact membranes has shown that there was no difference in the prolongation of pregnancy between the nifedipine (n = 54) and placebo (n = 55) groups.70”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [70] 70. Verspyck E, de Vienne C, Muszynski C, Bubenheim M, Chanavaz-Lacheray I, Dreyfus M, et al. Maintenance nifedipine therapy for preterm symptomatic placenta previa: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One 2017;23:e0173717. source
The Abstract Methods describe a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 109 women with placenta previa bleeding and intact membranes at 24 to 34 weeks; 54 received nifedipine and 55 placebo. The Results (Primary outcome; page unavailable) report that pregnancy prolongation did not differ significantly between groups (42.5 versus 44.2 days; p = 0.70). (LLM, conf=0.94)
plainn = 109- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“cohort studies with low risks of confounding bias have shown that cervical length is a predictor of antepartum bleeding and emergency preterm caesarean section in placenta praevia.[57][58][59][60]”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [57] 57. Ghi T, Contro E, Martina T, Piva M, Morandi R, Orsini LF, et al. Cervical length and risk of antepartum bleeding in women with complete placenta previa. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009;33:209-12. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report that shorter cervical length predicted emergency Cesarean section before 34 weeks due to massive hemorrhage in women with complete placenta previa. But cervical length did not differ significantly between women with and without prepartum bleeding (P = 0.18), so the broader claim that it predicts antepartum bleeding is not supported. Page numbers were not provided in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.91)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [58] 58. Zaitoun MM, El Behery MM, Abd El Hameed AA, Soliman BS. Does cervical length and the lower placental edge thickness measurement correlates with clinical outcome in cases of complete placenta previa? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:867-73. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [59] 59. Mimura T, Hasegawa J, Nakamura M, Matsuoka R, Ichizuka K, Sekizawa A, et al. Correlation between the cervical length and the amount of bleeding during cesarean section in placenta previa. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2011;37:830-5. source
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The 2016 RCT has found that the administration of betamethasone to women with a singleton pregnancy at risk for late preterm delivery (34 +0 to 36 +5 weeks of gestation) significantly reduces the rate of neonatal respiratory complications.67”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [67] 67. Gyamfi-Bannerman C, Thom EA, Blackwell SC, Tita AT, Reddy UM, Saade GR, et al.; NICHD Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units Network. Antenatal betamethasone for women at risk for late preterm delivery. N Engl J Med 2016;374:1311-20. source
The Methods (Screening and recruitment; page not provided) specify a live singleton pregnancy at 34 weeks 0 days to 36 weeks 5 days and a high probability of late preterm delivery. The Results (Neonatal Outcomes; page not provided) report significantly lower rates of the primary respiratory outcome and severe respiratory morbidity with betamethasone than with placebo. (LLM, conf=0.94)
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The sources with a verdict support this claim; the rest weren’t checked yet, have no full text we could read, or their verdicts aren’t rated yet.
In the paper
“However, 'migration' is still possible after 32 weeks of gestation.50,51”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [50] 50. Becker RH, Vonk R, Mende BC, Ragosch V, Entezami M. The relevance of placental location at 20-23 gestational weeks for prediction of placenta previa at delivery: evaluation of 8650 cases. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;17:496-501. source
- Supportedcites [51] 51. Oppenheimer L, Holmes P, Simpson N, Dabrowski A. Diagnosis of low-lying placenta: can migration in the third trimester predict outcome? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;18:100-2. source
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports progressive migration of low-lying placenta during the third trimester, including some placentae that overlapped the cervical os. The Methods describe repeat scans approximately every four weeks until migration or delivery, and the paper concludes that migration may occur throughout the third trimester, supporting the possibility after 32 weeks. It does not suggest that every placenta praevia migrates. (LLM, conf=0.88)
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“Adverse perinatal outcomes were comparable between groups.”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [70] 70. Verspyck E, de Vienne C, Muszynski C, Bubenheim M, Chanavaz-Lacheray I, Dreyfus M, et al. Maintenance nifedipine therapy for preterm symptomatic placenta previa: A randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. PLoS One 2017;23:e0173717. source
The Results (Table 2, Neonatal Outcomes) report adverse perinatal outcomes in 2/54 nifedipine participants (3.8%) and 3/55 placebo participants (5.5%), with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.62). This supports the claim that the outcomes were comparable in the trial. (LLM, conf=0.93)
plainn = 109- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Women with a cervical length of less than 31 mm have a 16 times (OR 16.4, 95% CI 3.4-75.9)higher risk of emergency caesarean section due to massive haemorrhage.57”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [57] 57. Ghi T, Contro E, Martina T, Piva M, Morandi R, Orsini LF, et al. Cervical length and risk of antepartum bleeding in women with complete placenta previa. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2009;33:209-12. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report an odds ratio of 16.36 (95% CI, 3.39–75.92) for Cesarean delivery due to massive hemorrhage, matching the claim’s rounded figures. The reported cutoff is cervical length ≤31 mm, not <31 mm, and the outcome is specifically preterm emergency Cesarean section before 34 weeks; the citing sentence omits that timing qualifier. (LLM, conf=0.87)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Partly supported
- It may state two separate claims as one. 58
- The quote only partly states this claim. 2
- Probably not a substantial claim. 14
At least one cited source doesn’t support this claim or points to a different paper, and none confirmed it — see the verdicts below.
In the paper
“These additional ultrasound features are poorly defined, not routinely assessed in UK practice”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [75] 75. Bhide A, Prefumo F, Moore J, Hollis B, Thilaganathan B. Placental edge to internal os distance in the late third trimester and mode of delivery in placenta praevia. BJOG 2003;110:860-4. source
- Disputedcites [76] 76. Ghourab S. Third-trimester transvaginal ultrasonography in placenta previa: does the shape of the lower placental edge predict clinical outcome? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2001;18: 103-8. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Materials and Methods (page unavailable) explicitly defines a thick placental edge using measured thickness and angle, contrary to the claim that this feature is poorly defined. The paper does not address whether these features are routinely assessed in UK practice; searches for UK practice, sponge-like echo, and marginal sinus found no relevant passage. (LLM, conf=0.76)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [77] 77. Saitoh M, Ishihara K, Sekiya T, Araki T. Anticipation of uterine bleeding in placenta previa based on vaginal sonographic evaluation. Gynecol Obstet Invest 2002;54:37-42. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [78] 78. Taga A, Sato Y, Sakae C, Satake Y, Emoto I, Maruyama S, et al. Planned vaginal delivery versus planned cesarean delivery in cases of low-lying placenta. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017;30:618-22. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“The second (n = 214) found that independent predictors for emergency delivery are a history of caesarean section (OR 4.7, 95 CI 1.2-12); antepartum haemorrhage on one (OR 7.5, 95% CI 2.5-23), two (OR 14, 95% CI 4.3-47), and three or more occasions (OR 27, 95% CI 8.3-90); and need for antenatal blood transfusion (OR 6.4, 95% CI 1.7-23).10”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [10] 10. Ruiter L, Eschbach SJ, Burgers M, Rengerink KO, van Pampus MG, Goes BY, et al. Predictors for emergency cesarean delivery in women with placenta previa. Am J Perinatol 2016;33:1407-14. source
The Abstract reports 214 women with placenta previa and identifies the same independent predictors of emergency delivery. All quoted odds ratios and confidence intervals match; its terms “antepartum bleeding” and “blood transfusion” correspond to the citing sentence’s wording. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaincorrelationaln = 214- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Factors associated with the failure of Bakri balloon tamponade for placenta praevia include prior caesarean section, anterior placentation, thrombocytopenia and/or coagulopathy at the time of insertion, and a PPH volume of more than 500 ml within the first 1 hour of placement.99”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [99] 99. Cho HY, Park YW, Kim YH, Jung I, Kwon JY. Efficacy of intrauterine Bakri balloon tamponade in cesarean section for placenta previa patients. PLoS One 2015;10:e0134282. RCOG Green-top Guideline No. 126 e40 of e48 ª 2018 Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists 14710528, 2019, 1, Downloaded from https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1471-0528.15306, Wiley Online Library on [01/09/2023]. See the Terms and Conditions (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/terms-and-conditions) on Wiley Online Library for rules of use; OA articles are governed by the applicable Creative Commons L sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Discussion identifies prior cesarean section, anterior placentation, thrombocytopenia, and DIC at insertion as factors associated with Bakri balloon failure. It also identifies more than 500 mL of balloon-catheter drainage within one hour—not overall PPH volume—as the threshold, so the claim is imprecise on that measure. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Regional anaesthesia is considered safe and is associated with lower risks of haemorrhage than general anaesthesia for caesarean delivery in women with placenta praevia or a low-lying placenta.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [91] 91. Hong JY, Jee YS, Yoon HJ, Kim SM. Comparison of general and epidural anesthesia in elective cesarean section for placenta pevia totalis: maternal hemodynamics, blood loss and neonatal outcome. Int J Obstet Anesth 2003;12:12-6. source
- Partly supportedcites [92] 92. Butwick AJ, Carvalho B, El-Sayed YY. Risk factors for obstetric morbidity in patients with uterine atony undergoing caesarean delivery. Br J Anaesth 2014;113:661-8. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results and Discussion associate general anaesthesia with greater haemorrhage-related morbidity than regional anaesthesia and recommend regional anaesthesia for patients at risk of uterine atony. But the study examines patients with uterine atony, not specifically women with placenta praevia or a low-lying placenta; it does not establish the claimed safety and lower haemorrhage risk for that group. The supplied passages give section labels but no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.87)
- Partly supportedcites [86] 86. Gibbins KJ, Einerson BD, Varner MW, Silver RM. Placenta previa and maternal haemorrhagic morbidity. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018;31:494-9. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report that general anaesthesia was associated with greater maternal haemorrhagic morbidity among women having caesarean delivery for placenta praevia (aOR 4.29, 95% CI 2.25–8.16). The paper does not establish that regional anaesthesia is safe or report this association for women with a low-lying placenta. The Discussion also cautions that general anaesthesia may be a marker of emergency delivery rather than a cause of bleeding. (LLM, conf=0.87)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“A 4-year observational study at 19 US academic centres of women undergoing caesarean delivery found that the risk factors for haemorrhage-related morbidity are increased in those undergoing general anaesthesia.92”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [92] 92. Butwick AJ, Carvalho B, El-Sayed YY. Risk factors for obstetric morbidity in patients with uterine atony undergoing caesarean delivery. Br J Anaesth 2014;113:661-8. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Abstract reports that the data came from a four-year observational study at 19 US academic centres and that general anaesthesia was associated with increased haemorrhage-related morbidity. But the analysis was limited to women with uterine atony during Caesarean delivery; the citing sentence presents the finding as applying to women undergoing Caesarean delivery generally. (LLM, conf=0.86)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The corresponding studies are small, observational and retrospective, making a recommendation for a specific mode of delivery based on ultrasound findings difficult.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [79] 79. Vergani P, Ornaghi S, Pozzi I, Beretta P, Russo FM, Follesa I, et al. Placenta previa: distance to internal os and mode of delivery. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009;201:266.e1-5. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [80] 80. Nakamura M, Hasegawa J, Matsuaka R, Mimura T, Ichizuka K, Sekizawa A, et al. Amount of hemorrhage during vaginal delivery correlates with length from placental edge to external os in cases with low-lying placenta whose length between placental edge and internal os was 1-2 cm. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2012;38:1041-5. source
- Partly supportedcites [81] 81. Al Wadi K, Schneider C, Burym C, Reid G, Hunt J, Menticoglou S. Evaluating the safety of labour in women with a placental edge 11 to 20 mm from the internal cervical Os. J Obstet Gynaecol Can 2014;36:674-7. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Methods describe a prospective observational study, and the Results report only 14 women who underwent a trial of labour. The Discussion acknowledges the small sample and mentions a separate retrospective observational study. Thus the cited study supports 'small' and 'observational,' but it was not retrospective; it also proposes delivery recommendations based on ultrasound-measured placental distance. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“More recently, there has been an increase in reports describing implantation into deficient caesarean section scars and mounting evidence that a caesarean scar pregnancy diagnosed in early pregnancy can evolve into an abnormally adherent or invasive placenta in the second half of pregnancy.126-130”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [126] 126. Ben Nagi J, Ofili-Yebovi D, Marsh M, Jurkovic D. First-trimester cesarean scar pregnancy evolving into placenta previa/accreta at term. J Ultrasound Med 2005;24:1569-73. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [127] 127. Zosmer N, Fuller J, Shaikh H, Johns J, Ross JA. Natural history of early first-trimester pregnancies implanted in Cesarean scars. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;46:367-75. source
- Partly supportedcites [128] 128. Timor-Tritsch IE, Monteagudo A, Cali G, Palacios-Jaraquemada JM, Maymon R, Arslan AA, et al. Cesarean scar pregnancy and early placenta accreta share common histology. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;43:383-95. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
- Supportedcites [129] 129. Jurkovic D, Knez J, Appiah A, Farahani L, Mavrelos D, Ross JA. Surgical treatment of Caesarean scar pregnancy: efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided suction curettage. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2016;47:511-7. source
Split into 2 atoms — 2 confirmed, 0 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
- Partly supportedcites [130] 130. Cali G, Forlani F, Timor-Tritsch IE, Palacios-Jaraquemada J, Minneci G, D'Antonio F. Natural history of Caesarean scar pregnancy on prenatal ultrasound: the crossover sign. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2017;50:100-4. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
plainconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Other additional risk factors include maternal age 110,113,117,120 and ART, in particular in vitro fertilisation.113,120,122-125”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [110] 110. Soro MP, Denys A, de Rham M, Baud D. Short and long term adverse outcomes after arterial embolisation for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage: a systematic review. Eur Radiol 2017;27:749-62. source
- Partly supportedcites [113] 113. Fitzpatrick KE, Sellers S, Spark P, Kurinczuk JJ, Brocklehurst P, Knight M. Incidence and risk factors for placenta accreta/increta/ percreta in the UK: a national case-control study. PLoS One 2012;7:e52893. 114. 103. Morlando M, Sarno L, Napolitano R, Capone A, Tessitore G, Maruotti GM, et al. Placenta accreta: incidence and risk factors in an area with a particularly high rate of cesarean section. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2013;92:457-60. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results > Risk factors section reports raised odds with IVF pregnancy, and the Discussion > Conclusions identifies IVF as a risk factor. It also reports increased risk with older maternal age, but specifies that this association was apparent only in women without a previous caesarean delivery; the citing sentence omits that qualification. (LLM, conf=0.86)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [117] 117. Eshkoli T, Weintraub AY, Sergienko R, Sheiner E. Placenta accreta: risk factors, perinatal outcomes, and consequences for subsequent births. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013;208:219.e1-7. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [120] 120. Thurn L, Lindqvist PG, Jakobsson M, Colmorn LB, Klungsoyr K, Bjarnad ottir RI, et al. Abnormally invasive placenta-prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries. BJOG 2016;123:1348-55. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [122] 122. Balayla J, Bondarenko HD. Placenta accreta and the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. J Perinat Med 2013;41:141-9. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [123] 123. Esh-Broder E, Ariel I, Abas-Bashir N, Bdolah Y, Celnikier DH. Placenta accreta is associated with IVF pregnancies: a retrospective chart review. BJOG 2011;118:1084-9. 124. 104. Ishihara O, Araki R, Kuwahara A, Itakura A, Saito H, Adamson GD. Impact of frozen-thawed single-blastocyst transfer on maternal and neonatal outcome: an analysis of 277,042 single-embryo transfer cycles from 2008 to 2010 in Japan. Fertil Steril 2014;101:128-33. source
- Partly supportedcites [124] sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Table 4 associates frozen-thawed embryo transfer with higher odds of placenta accreta than fresh transfer among pregnancies after assisted reproduction. It does not establish IVF or ART as a risk factor relative to pregnancies without ART. The same table finds no association between maternal age and placenta accreta (adjusted odds ratio 0.99, 95% CI 0.94–1.05). (LLM, conf=0.88)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [125] 125. Kaser DJ, Melamed A, Bormann CL, Myers DE, Missmer SA, Walsh BW, et al. Cryopreserved embryo transfer is an independent risk factor for placenta accreta. Fertil Steril 2015;103:1176-84 e2. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“As the vast majority of placenta accreta spectrum are now the consequence of low placentation into a previous caesarean section scar, TVS has an important role in the early diagnosis, follow-up, differential diagnosis between adherent and invasive accreta placentation, and management of placenta accreta spectrum.143”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [143] 143. Jauniaux E, Bhide A. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and outcome of placenta previa accreta after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;217:27-36. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Placental lacunae give the placenta a 'moth-eaten' appearance on greyscale imaging and the increased vascularity of the placental bed with large feeder vessels entering the lacunae are the most common ultrasound signs associated with placenta accreta spectrum.16,17,142,143”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [16] 16. Jauniaux E, Collins SL, Jurkovic D, Burton GJ. Accreta placentation: a systematic review of prenatal ultrasound imaging and grading of villous invasiveness. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016;215:712-21. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 2 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
- Partly supportedcites [17] 17. Jauniaux E, Collins S, Burton GJ. Placenta accreta spectrum: pathophysiology and evidence-based anatomy for prenatal ultrasound imaging. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2018;218:75-87. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [142] 142. D'Antonio F, Iacovella C, Bhide A. Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using ultrasound: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;42:509-17. source
- Partly supportedcites [143] 143. Jauniaux E, Bhide A. Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis and outcome of placenta previa accreta after cesarean delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;217:27-36. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
Split into 2 atoms — 0 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 1 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“The main MRI features of placenta accreta include abnormal uterine bulging, dark intraplacental bands on T2-weighted imaging, heterogeneous signal intensity within the placenta, disorganised vasculature of placenta and disruption of the uteroplacental zone.”
What the sources say
- Partly supportedcites [145] 145. Palacios-Jaraquemada JM, Bruno CH, Mart ın E. MRI in the diagnosis and surgical management of abnormal placentation. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2013;92:392-7. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Conclusions figure captions (pages unavailable) show myometrial disruption and unusual vascular hyperplasia on MRI in cases of placenta percreta, supporting parts of the claimed imaging picture. Our copy does not identify uterine bulging, dark T2-weighted intraplacental bands, or heterogeneous placental signal as main features, and its vascular finding is not specifically disorganised placental vasculature. (LLM, conf=0.83)
- Supportedcites [146] 146. Rahaim NS, Whitby EH. The MRI features of placental adhesion disorder and their diagnostic significance: systematic review. Clin Radiol 2015;70:917-25. source
The “MRI features of abnormal placental invasion” section lists T2 dark intraplacental bands, heterogeneous placenta and abnormal uterine bulging among frequently used criteria. The sections on disorganised intraplacental vascularity and heterogeneous placenta also describe abnormal vessels and loss of the placenta–myometrium interface. The review cautions that some signs are nonspecific or occur chiefly in percreta; the claim does not assert that every sign is present in every case. Page numbers were not supplied in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.90)
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [147] 147. Meng X, Xie L, Song W. Comparing the diagnostic value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for placenta accreta: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2013;39:1958-65. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [148] 148. D'Antonio F, Iacovella C, Palacios-Jaraquemada J, Bruno CH, Manzoli L, Bhide A. Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;44:8-16. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [149] 149. Millischer AE, Salomon LJ, Porcher R, Brasseur-Daudruy M, Gourdier AL, Hornoy P, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for abnormally invasive placenta: the added value of intravenous gadolinium injection. BJOG 2017;124:88-95. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Partly supported
The cited sources support only part of this claim — read each source’s verdict below.
In the paper
“Many women with placenta accreta spectrum require massive blood transfusion (8 units or more) and their median platelet count is lowest compared with other causes of massive PPH.171,172”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [171] 171. Green L, Knight M, Seeney FM, Hopkinson C, Collins PW, Collis RE, et al. The epidemiology and outcomes of women with postpartum haemorrhage requiring massive transfusion with eight or more units of red cells: a national cross-sectional study. BJOG 2016;123:2164-70. source
- Partly supportedcites [172] 172. Brookfield KF, Goodnough LT, Lyell DJ, Butwick AJ. Perioperative and transfusion outcomes in women undergoing cesarean hysterectomy for abnormal placentation. Transfusion 2014;54:1530-6. sourceExperimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Results report massive RBC transfusion (>8 units) in 14% of women with placenta increta and 29% with placenta percreta, supporting the transfusion part of the claim. They say platelet counts were similar between those two groups; the paper does not compare their median platelet counts with other causes of massive postpartum hemorrhage. (LLM, conf=0.88)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“A systematic review found that uterus preserving surgery resulted in a secondary hysterectomy in 24/77 women (31%), maternal mortality in 2/55 women (4%), subsequent menstruation in 28/34 women (82%) and subsequent pregnancy in 19/26 women (73%).180”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [180] 180. Steins Bisschop CN, Schaap TP, Vogelvang TE, Scholten PC. Invasive placentation and uterus preserving treatment modalities: a systematic review. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:491-502. source
The Results table for uterus-preserving surgery (Table 4) reports all four counts: 24/77 secondary hysterectomies, 2/55 maternal deaths, 28/34 subsequent menstruations, and 19/26 subsequent pregnancies. The percentages in the claim match those counts when rounded. (LLM, conf=0.95)
plaindirectn = 77- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
Every source the paper cites for this claim was checked and supports it.
In the paper
“A small cohort study has shown that the introduction of the Triple-P procedure [perioperative placental localisation, pelvic devascularisation and placental non-separation] involving delivery of the fetus via transverse uterine incision above the upper border of the placenta, myometrial excision and reconstruction of the uterine wall reduces the rate of hysterectomy, PPH and duration of hospital”
What the sources say
- Supportedcites [182] 182. Teixidor Viñas M, Belli AM, Arulkumaran S, Chandraharan E. Prevention of postpartum hemorrhage and hysterectomy in patients with morbidly adherent placenta: a cohort study comparing outcomes before and after introduction of the Triple-P procedure. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2015;46:350-5. source
The Results (page unavailable) report significantly lower rates of postpartum hemorrhage and emergency peripartum hysterectomy in the Triple-P group than in the control group. They also report a significantly shorter mean hospital stay. The Introduction describes the procedure’s placental localization, devascularization, myometrial excision, and uterine reconstruction steps. (LLM, conf=0.93)
hedgeddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Supported
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Placenta praevia is a well-established complication of pregnancy associated with high maternal and perinatal complication rates.[4][5][6][7][8][9]”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] 4. Vintzileos AM, Ananth CV, Smulian JC. Using ultrasound in the clinical management of placental implantation abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213:S70-7. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] 5. Silver RM. Abnormal placentation: Placenta previa, vasa previa and placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2015;126:654-68. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [6] 6. Jauniaux E, Campbell S. Ultrasonographic assessment of placental abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1990;163:1650-8. source
boostedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“The estimated incidence of placenta praevia at term is 1 in 200 pregnancies.5,9”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] 5. Silver RM. Abnormal placentation: Placenta previa, vasa previa and placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2015;126:654-68. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [9] 9. Vahanian SA, Lavery JA, Ananth CV, Vintzileos A. Placental implantation abnormalities and risk of preterm delivery: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213:S78-90. source
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“A retrospective cohort of 67 895 singleton and twin pregnancies found that dichorionic (aOR 1.54, 95% CI 1.15-2.06)and monochorionic (RR 3.29, 95% CI 1.32-8.21)twin pregnancies have an increased risk of placenta praevia compared with singletons.29”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [29] 29. Weis MA, Harper LM, Roehl KA, Odibo AO, Cahill AG. Natural history of placenta previa in twins. Obstet Gynecol 2012;120: 753-8. source
plaincorrelationaln = 895- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“In the 1990s, the maternal mortality of placenta percreta was reported to be as high as 7% of cases.19”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [19] 19. O'Brien JM, Barton JR, Donaldson ES. The management of placenta percreta: conservative and operative strategies. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1996;175:1632-8. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“Advanced maternal age has been also associated with a slight increase in the risk of placenta praevia (OR 1.08, 95% CI 1.07-1.09)but this effect may be due to parity.35”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [35] 35. Rosenberg T, Pariente G, Sergienko R, Wiznitzer A, Sheiner E. Critical analysis of risk factors and outcome of placenta previa. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2011;284:47-51. source
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Compared with placebo or no treatment with antenatal corticosteroids (betamethasone, dexamethasone or hydrocortisone), antenatal corticosteroids are associated with a reduction in the most serious adverse outcomes related to prematurity, including perinatal death (RR 0.72, 95% CI 0.58-0.89),respiratory distress syndrome (average RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.56-0.77),intraventricular haemorrhage (average RR 0”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [66] 66. Roberts D, Brown J, Medley N, Dalziel SR. Antenatal corticosteroids for accelerating fetal lung maturation for women at risk of preterm birth. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2017;3: CD004454. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The first study (n = 250) found that the risk is increased if the first (sentinel) vaginal bleeding episode occurs before 29 weeks of gestation (OR 2.64, 95% CI 1.17-5.98),and with the occurrence of three or more episodes of antepartum haemorrhage (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.1-5.86).63”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [63] 63. Pivano A, Alessandrini M, Desbriere R, Agostini A, Opinel P, d'Ercole C, et al. A score to predict the risk of emergency caesarean delivery in women with antepartum bleeding and placenta praevia. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2015;195: 173-6. source
plaindirectn = 250- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The risk of an emergent bleed associated with placenta praevia has been reported to be 4.7% by 35 weeks of gestation, 15% by 36 weeks of gestation, 30% by 37 weeks of gestation and 59% by 38 weeks of gestation.73”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [73] 73. Zlatnik MG, Cheng YW, Norton ME, Thiet MP, Caughey AB. Placenta previa and the risk of preterm delivery. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2007;20:719-23. source
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A large case-control study found that neonatal morbidities in women with placenta praevia include an increased risk of lower 5-minute Apgar scores, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission, anaemia, respiratory distress syndrome, mechanical ventilation and intraventricular haemorrhage.64”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [64] 64. Lal AK, Hibbard JU. Placenta previa: an outcome-based cohort study in a contemporary obstetric population. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015;292:299-305. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“The risks of bleeding, labour, or bleeding and labour leading to the need for emergency delivery increase with advancing gestational age, whereas the risks of morbidity associated with prematurity decrease.4,5”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [4] 4. Vintzileos AM, Ananth CV, Smulian JC. Using ultrasound in the clinical management of placental implantation abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213:S70-7. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] 5. Silver RM. Abnormal placentation: Placenta previa, vasa previa and placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2015;126:654-68. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“After 32 weeks of gestation around 50% of the remaining placenta praevia will resolve, with no further changes after 36 weeks of gestation.29”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [29] 29. Weis MA, Harper LM, Roehl KA, Odibo AO, Cahill AG. Natural history of placenta previa in twins. Obstet Gynecol 2012;120: 753-8. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Most women with asymptomatic placenta praevia (no bleeding or contractions) can be cared for as outpatients with similar outcomes compared to hospitalisation, and at lower cost.5”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [5] 5. Silver RM. Abnormal placentation: Placenta previa, vasa previa and placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2015;126:654-68. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“There is only one small (n = 38) RCT comparing TAS and TVS for placenta praevia, which supports this safety profile and reports superior views, especially for posterior placentas.48”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [48] 48. Sherman SJ, Carlson DE, Platt LD, Medearis AL. Transvaginal ultrasound: does it help in the diagnosis of placenta previa? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1992;2:256-60. source
plaindirectn = 38- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The Cochrane systematic review by Nielson 61 on the impact of cerclage in women diagnosed as having, or being likely to have, placenta praevia included two small RCTs (n = 25 and 36) comparing cervical cerclage versus no cerclage.There may be a reduction in preterm births before 34 weeks of gestation (RR 0.45, 95% CI 0.23-0.87),but this evidence is not robust enough to recommend its use outside of”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [61] 61. Neilson JP. Interventions for suspected placenta praevia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(2):CD001998. source
hedgedconditionaln = 25- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Placenta praevia covering the internal cervical os and anterior placentation are independent risk factors (OR 4.1 and OR 3.5, respectively) for massive haemorrhage during caesarean section.85”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [85] 85. Baba Y, Matsubara S, Ohkuchi A, Usui R, Kuwata T, Suzuki H, et al. Anterior placentation as a risk factor for massive hemorrhage during cesarean section in patients with placenta previa. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2014;40:1243-8. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“as are odds of NICU admission rates (aOR 2.25, 95% CI 2.01-2.50;and aOR 1.57, 1.38-1.76,respectively).”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [74] 74. Balayla J, Wo BL, B edard MJ. A late-preterm, early-term stratified analysis of neonatal outcomes by gestational age in placenta previa: defining the optimal timing for delivery. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2015;28:1756-61. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The quote only partly states this claim.
In the paper
“A 'J'-shaped uterine incision has been evaluated in women presenting with placenta praevia in a small retrospective study and shown to decrease intraoperative blood loss and facilitate the delivery of the fetus.96”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [96] 96. Zou L, Zhong S, Zhao Y, Zhu J, Chen L. Evaluation of "J"-shaped uterine incision during caesarean section in patients with placenta previa: a retrospective study. J Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci 2010;30:212-6. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“When stratified for the number of previous caesarean sections, the OR for placenta accreta spectrum in a subsequent pregnancy ranges between 8.6 (95% CI 3.536-21.078)111 and 17.4 (95% CI 9.0-31.4)for two previous caesarean sections, and 55.9 (95% CI 25.0-110.3)for three or more caesarean sections.120”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [111] 111. Wu S, Kocherginsky M, Hibbard JU. Abnormal placentation: twenty-year analysis. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2005;192:1458-61. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [120] 120. Thurn L, Lindqvist PG, Jakobsson M, Colmorn LB, Klungsoyr K, Bjarnad ottir RI, et al. Abnormally invasive placenta-prevalence, risk factors and antenatal suspicion: results from a large population-based pregnancy cohort study in the Nordic countries. BJOG 2016;123:1348-55. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Median estimated blood loss in cohorts of placenta accreta spectrum ranges from 2000 to 7800 ml and the median number of units of blood transfused is 5 units.131”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [131] 131. Wright JD, Pri-Paz S, Herzog TJ, Shah M, Bonanno C, Lewin SN, et al. Predictors of massive blood loss in women with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2011;205:38.e1-6. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The second review (2014) 148 included 18 studies and found that the overall diagnostic accuracy of MRI has a sensitivity of 94.4% (95% CI 86.0-97.9),specificity of 84.0% (95% CI 76.0-89.8)and diagnostic OR of 89.0 (95% CI 22.8-348.1).”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [148] 148. D'Antonio F, Iacovella C, Palacios-Jaraquemada J, Bruno CH, Manzoli L, Bhide A. Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;44:8-16. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The use of intravenous gadolinium injection may increase the sensitivity and specificity of MRI in the diagnosis of the invasive forms of placenta accreta spectrum but the evidence on long-term fetal safety is limited.149”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [149] 149. Millischer AE, Salomon LJ, Porcher R, Brasseur-Daudruy M, Gourdier AL, Hornoy P, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging for abnormally invasive placenta: the added value of intravenous gadolinium injection. BJOG 2017;124:88-95. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A systematic review has found that most studies are of a small sample size and thus, sensitivity and specificity of MRI in diagnosing placenta accreta varies widely between 75% and 100%, and 65% and 100%, respectively.148”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [148] 148. D'Antonio F, Iacovella C, Palacios-Jaraquemada J, Bruno CH, Manzoli L, Bhide A. Prenatal identification of invasive placentation using magnetic resonance imaging: systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014;44:8-16. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The first review 147 included 13 studies and reported a sensitivity of 83% (95% CI 77-88), specificity of 95% (95% CI 93-96) and detection OR of 63.41 (95% CI 29.04-138.48)for ultrasound, compared with a sensitivity of 82% (95% CI 72-90), specificity of 88% (95% CI 81-94) and detection OR of 22.95 (95% CI 3.19-165.11)for MRI.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [147] 147. Meng X, Xie L, Song W. Comparing the diagnostic value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging for placenta accreta: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ultrasound Med Biol 2013;39:1958-65. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Each episode of antenatal vaginal bleeding is associated with an increased risk of unscheduled delivery (aOR 3.8, 95% CI 1.8-7.8)and the risk increases when associated with preterm prelabour rupture of membranes.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [20] 20. Bowman ZS, Manuck TA, Eller AG, Simons M, Silver RM. Risk factors for unscheduled delivery in patients with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:241.e1-6. source
plaincorrelationaln = 77- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Maternal mortality remains rare, but significantly higher than among matched postpartum controls.122”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [122] 122. Balayla J, Bondarenko HD. Placenta accreta and the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. J Perinat Med 2013;41:141-9. source
plaincorrelationaln = 865- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There are no well-controlled observational studies, and therefore, no firm recommendations can be made.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There is insufficient evidence to support one technique over another and there have been no new trials since the previous version of this guideline.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There are currently insufficient data to recommend the routine use of ureteric stents in placenta accreta spectrum.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There are no RCTs on the use of ureteric stents in placenta accreta spectrum.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“However, the methodology of these studies is very heterogeneous with no data on the diagnosis of the different grades of villous invasion and variable confounding factors, such as placental position and number of previous caesarean deliveries.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The pattern of follow-up for the conservative management of placenta accreta spectrum is not supported by RCTs and is not stratified according to the depth and lateral extension of villous myometrial invasion.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“There was no control group of women who did not receive MTX and so it is unknown whether or not the MTX was clinically helpful.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [197] 197. Lin K, Qin J, Xu K, Hu W, Lin J. Methotrexate management for placenta accreta: a prospective study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015;291:1259-64. source
plainn = 24- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“More recent large series have reported lower rates of maternal death and this is likely to be further improved by screening for placenta accreta spectrum in women at high risk and in planning the delivery in specialist centres.[20][21][22]”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [20] 20. Bowman ZS, Manuck TA, Eller AG, Simons M, Silver RM. Risk factors for unscheduled delivery in patients with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:241.e1-6. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] 21. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Salmanian B, Diaz-Arrastia CR, Lee W, Baker BW, et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:218.e1-9 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [22] 22. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Erfani H, Clark SL, Salmanian B, Baker BW, et al. Multidisciplinary team learning in the management of the morbidly adherent placenta: outcome improvements over time. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;216:612.e1-e5. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“There is insufficient evidence to support one technique over another and there have been no new trials since the previous version of this guideline.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: unclear — It is unclear why the paper says it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum is crucial in planning its management and has been shown to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.[New 2018]”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [20] 20. Bowman ZS, Manuck TA, Eller AG, Simons M, Silver RM. Risk factors for unscheduled delivery in patients with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:241.e1-6. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [132] 132. Tikkanen M, Paavonen J, Loukovaara M, Stefanovic V. Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta leads to reduced blood loss. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2011;90:1140-6. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [133] 133. Chantraine F, Braun T, Gonser M, Henrich W, Tutschek B. Prenatal diagnosis of abnormally invasive placenta reduces maternal peripartum hemorrhage and morbidity. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2013;92:439-44. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [134] 134. Hall T, Wax JR, Lucas FL, Cartin A, Jones M, Pinette MG. Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of placenta accreta: Impact on maternal and neonatal outcomes. J Clin Ultrasound 2014;42:449-55. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [135] 135. Silver RM, Fox KA, Barton JR, Abuhamad AZ, Simhan H, Huls CK, et al. Center of excellence for placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:561-8. source
boosteddirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In the last decade, the number of reported cases of caesarean scar pregnancy has increased due to improved awareness of the condition, widespread use of ultrasound scanning in early pregnancy and an increase in the number of prior caesarean sections.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For such care to be organised, the diagnosis must be made antenatally.”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Very few of these studies provide data on the differential clinical diagnosis between abnormally adherent and abnormally invasive accreta, or detailed pathologic confirmation of the depth and lateral extension of villous myometrial invasion.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Spontaneous placental resorption occurred in 87 out of 116 cases (75.0%; 95% CI 66.1-82.6), with a median delay from delivery of 13.5 weeks (range 4-60 weeks).195”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [195] 195. Sentilhes L, Ambroselli C, Kayem G, Provansal M, Fernandez H, Perrotin F, et al. Maternal outcome after conservative treatment of placenta accreta. Obstet Gynecol 2010;115:526-34. source
plainn = 116- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Prophylactic antibiotics may be helpful in the immediate postpartum period to reduce the risk of infective complications.196”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [196] 196. Fox KA, Shamshirsaz AA, Carusi D, Secord AA, Lee P, Turan OM, et al. Conservative management of morbidly adherent placenta: expert review. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;213:755-60. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Both conservative and radical surgical approaches can be associated with a high maternal morbidity although the value of an experienced team in a specialist centre decreases the risk significantly.21,22,135,138,162,163”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] 21. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Salmanian B, Diaz-Arrastia CR, Lee W, Baker BW, et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:218.e1-9 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [22] 22. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Erfani H, Clark SL, Salmanian B, Baker BW, et al. Multidisciplinary team learning in the management of the morbidly adherent placenta: outcome improvements over time. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017;216:612.e1-e5. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [135] 135. Silver RM, Fox KA, Barton JR, Abuhamad AZ, Simhan H, Huls CK, et al. Center of excellence for placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:561-8. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A multidisciplinary stepwise surgical approach, including bilateral ligations of the anterior division of the iliac arteries before removing the placenta, was shown to be successful in controlling the bleeding and preserving the woman's uterus in around 90% of the cases, with 14% of urinary tract complications, most of which can be identified and repaired during caesarean section.193”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [193] 193. Shabana A, Fawzy M, Refaie W. Conservative management of placenta percreta: a stepwise approach. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2015;291:993-8. source
plaindirectn = 71- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The 2015 MBRRACE report from the Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in the UK has indicated that despite increasing numbers of women at risk from placenta accreta spectrum following previous caesarean section, only one death occurred in a woman who had a placenta praevia percreta and history of two previous caesarean sections.174 There were no deaths from unexpected placenta accreta found”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [174] 174. Knight M, Tuffnell D, Kenyon S, Shakespeare J, Gray R, Kurinczuk JJ, editors on behalf of MBRRACE-UK. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers' Care. Surveillance of Maternal Deaths in the UK 2011-13 and Lessons Learned to Inform Maternity Care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2009-13. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford; 2015. source
- Not matchedcites [175] 175. Paterson-Brown S, Bamber J, on behalf of the MBRRACE-UK haemorrhage chapter writing group. Prevention and treatment of haemorrhage. In Knight M, Kenyon S, Brocklehurst P, Neilson J, Shakespeare J, Kurinczuk JJ editors, on behalf of MBRRACE-UK. Saving Lives, Improving Mothers' Care -Lessons Learned to Inform Future Maternity Care from the UK and Ireland Confidential Enquiries into Maternal Deaths and Morbidity 2009-12. Oxford: National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, University of Oxford; 2014.
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
hedged- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Most women were delivered at 36 weeks of gestation or greater, with nearly 90% in the absence of bleeding complications.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [169] 169. Rac MW, Wells CE, Twickler DM, Moschos E, McIntire DD, Dashe JS. Placenta accreta and vaginal bleeding according to gestational age at delivery. Obstet Gynecol 2015;125: 808-13. source
plainn = 216- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A case-control study of 49 women requiring a peripartum hysterectomy for massive haemorrhage, including 20 women presenting with placenta accreta, reported that the use of a vessel sealing device during surgery decreases the estimated blood loss, the need for massive blood transfusions, and does not increase operative time or complication rates.179”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [179] source
plaindirectn = 49- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Clinical outcomes were monitored, confirming the high morbidity associated with this condition.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [173] 173. Paterson-Brown S, Singh C. Developing a care bundle for the management of suspected placenta accreta. The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist 2010;12:21-7. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A more recent systematic review showed that uterus preserving surgery is associated with a success rate of 48/76 women (63.2%), a secondary hysterectomy in 23/76 women (30.0%), maternal mortality in 2/54 women (3.7%), subsequent menstruation in 20/37 women (81.1%) and subsequent pregnancy in 21/27 women (77.8%).181”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [181] 181. Mei J, Wang Y, Zou B, Hou Y, Ma T, Chen M, et al. Systematic review of uterus-preserving treatment modalities for abnormally invasive placenta. J Obstet Gynaecol 2015;35:777-82. source
plaincorrelationaln = 76- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A 2015 single centre retrospective cohort study of the effectiveness of a standardised operative approach in 98 cases of histologically confirmed placenta accreta supports the early presence of a gynaecological surgeon and oncologist at delivery and demonstrates that a 'call if needed' approach is not acceptable for these complex cases.176”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [176] 176. Brennan DJ, Schulze B, Chetty N, Crandon A, Petersen SG, Gardener G, et al. Surgical management of abnormally invasive placenta: a retrospective cohort study demonstrating the benefits of a standardized operative approach. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2015;94:1380-6. source
boosteddirectn = 98- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Local resection appears to be associated with fewer complications within 24 hours postoperatively compared with hysterectomy or leaving the placenta in situ.However, a selection bias in the direction of less severe cases for the local resection technique may in part explain the lower complication rates with that approach.194”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [194] 194. Clausen C, L€ onn L, Langhoff-Roos J. Management of placenta percreta: a review of published cases. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2014;93:138-43. source
hedgedcorrelationaln = 119- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A systematic review of peripartum surgical techniques used in placenta accreta spectrum has found that methotrexate (MTX) and uterus preserving surgical techniques are associated with a 16% unintentional urinary tract injury rate as opposed to 57% for standard hysterectomy and that use of ureteric stents reduces the risk of urologic injury.188”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [188] 188. Tam Tam KB, Dozier J, Martin JN Jr. Approaches to reduce urinary tract injury during management of placenta accreta, increta, and percreta: a systematic review. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2012;25:329-34. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“Attempts at removing placenta accreta at caesarean section can lead to massive haemorrhage, high maternal morbidity and possible maternal death.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [20] 20. Bowman ZS, Manuck TA, Eller AG, Simons M, Silver RM. Risk factors for unscheduled delivery in patients with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:241.e1-6. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] 21. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Salmanian B, Diaz-Arrastia CR, Lee W, Baker BW, et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:218.e1-9 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [122] 122. Balayla J, Bondarenko HD. Placenta accreta and the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. J Perinat Med 2013;41:141-9. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The midpregnancy routine fetal anomaly scan should include placental localisation thereby identifying women at risk of persisting placenta praevia or a low-lying placenta.[New 2018]”
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“A comparative study of abdominal aortic occlusion versus internal iliac artery occlusion found that aortic balloon occlusion resulted in better clinical outcomes with less blood loss, blood transfusion, balloon insertion time, fluoroscopy time and fetal radiation dose.212”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [212] 212. Wang YL, Duan XH, Han XW, Wang L, Zhao XL, Chen ZM, et al. Comparison of temporary abdominal aortic occlusion with internal iliac artery occlusion for patients with placenta accreta - a non-randomised prospective study. Vasa 2017;46:53-7. source
plaindirect- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Each guideline is systematically developed using a standardised methodology.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites Clinical Governance Advice No.1
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Not matched
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Striking amount of colour Doppler signal seen between the myometrium and the posterior wall of the bladder.This sign probably indicates numerous, closely packed, tortuous vessels in that region (demonstrating multidirectional flow and aliasing artifact).”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The evidence used in this guideline was graded using the scheme below and the recommendations formulated in a similar fashion with a standardised grading scheme.”
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Striking amount of colour Doppler signal seen in the placental bed.This sign probably indicates numerous, closely packed, tortuous vessels in that region (demonstrating multidirectional flow and aliasing artifact).”
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: fails — The paper may give no reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A claim is checked only against the cited paper’s full text, never its abstract, and none is available for its sources.
In the paper
“If the placenta fails to separate with the usual measures, leaving it in place and closing, or leaving it in place, closing the uterus and proceeding to a hysterectomy are both associated with less blood loss than trying to separate it.”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [20] 20. Bowman ZS, Manuck TA, Eller AG, Simons M, Silver RM. Risk factors for unscheduled delivery in patients with placenta accreta. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014;210:241.e1-6. source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [21] 21. Shamshirsaz AA, Fox KA, Salmanian B, Diaz-Arrastia CR, Lee W, Baker BW, et al. Maternal morbidity in patients with morbidly adherent placenta treated with and without a standardized multidisciplinary approach. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015;212:218.e1-9 source
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [122] 122. Balayla J, Bondarenko HD. Placenta accreta and the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. J Perinat Med 2013;41:141-9. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A systematic review reported success rates of 159/177 (89.8%) for arterial embolisation, with secondary hysterectomy being necessary in 20/177 (11.3%) and subsequent menstruation occurring in 74/85 (87.1%).In 3/10 women (30%) a subsequent pregnancy occurred.Arterial balloon occlusion catheters have been associated with a success rate of 33/42 (78.6%) and the need for a secondary hysterectomy in 8/”
What the sources say
- Not checked — no full text of the sourcecites [181] 181. Mei J, Wang Y, Zou B, Hou Y, Ma T, Chen M, et al. Systematic review of uterus-preserving treatment modalities for abnormally invasive placenta. J Obstet Gynaecol 2015;35:777-82. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
The paper relies on this without support.
The rates of placenta praevia and accreta have increased and will continue to increase as a result of rising rates of caesarean deliveries, increased maternal age and use of assisted reproductive technology.
“The rates of placenta praevia and accreta have increased and will continue to do so as a result of rising rates of caesarean deliveries, increased maternal age and use of assisted reproductive technology (ART), placing greater demands on maternity-related resources.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The highest rates of complication for both mother and newborn are observed when placenta praevia and placenta accreta are only diagnosed at delivery.
“The highest rates of complication for both mother and newborn are observed when these conditions are only diagnosed at delivery.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The major risk factors for placenta accreta spectrum are history of accreta in a previous pregnancy, previous caesarean delivery and other uterine surgery, including repeated endometrial curettage.
“The major risk factors for placenta accreta spectrum are history of accreta in a previous pregnancy, previous caesarean delivery and other uterine surgery, including repeated endometrial curettage.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The risk of placenta accreta spectrum rises as the number of prior caesarean sections increases.
“This risk rises as the number of prior caesarean sections increases.[New 2018] B”
The paper relies on this without support.
Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum reduces maternal morbidity and mortality.
“Antenatal diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum is crucial in planning its management and has been shown to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality.[New 2018]D”
The paper relies on this without support.
Ultrasound imaging is highly accurate when performed by a skilled operator with experience in diagnosing placenta accreta spectrum.
“Ultrasound imaging is highly accurate when performed by a skilled operator with experience in diagnosing placenta accreta spectrum.[New 2018]C”
The paper relies on this without support.
The diagnostic value of MRI and ultrasound imaging in detecting placenta accreta spectrum is similar when performed by experts.
“Clinicians should be aware that the diagnostic value of MRI and ultrasound imaging in detecting placenta accreta spectrum is similar when performed by experts.[New 2018] C”
The paper relies on this without support.
In the absence of risk factors for preterm delivery in women with placenta accreta spectrum, planned delivery at 35+0 to 36+6 weeks of gestation provides the best balance between fetal maturity and the risk of unscheduled delivery.
“In the absence of risk factors for preterm delivery in women with placenta accreta spectrum, planned delivery at 35 +0 to 36 +6 weeks of gestation provides the best balance between fetal maturity and the risk of unscheduled delivery.[New 2018] P”
The paper relies on this without support.
Caesarean section hysterectomy with the placenta left in situ is preferable to attempting to separate it from the uterine wall.
“Caesarean section hysterectomy with the placenta left in situ is preferable to attempting to separate it from the uterine wall.”
The paper relies on this without support.
There are currently insufficient data to recommend the routine use of ureteric stents in placenta accreta spectrum.
“There are currently insufficient data to recommend the routine use of ureteric stents in placenta accreta spectrum.”
The paper relies on this without support.
There is limited evidence to support uterus preserving surgery in placenta percreta.
“There is limited evidence to support uterus preserving surgery in placenta percreta and women should be informed of the high risk of peripartum and secondary complications, including the need for secondary hysterectomy.[New 2018] D”
The paper relies on this without support.
Methotrexate adjuvant therapy is of unproven benefit and has significant adverse effects.
“Methotrexate adjuvant therapy should not be used for expectant management as it is of unproven benefit and has significant adverse effects.[New 2018]”
The paper relies on this without support.
The RCT was inadequately compliant with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement.
“The RCT was judged inadequately compliant with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials statement.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The outcome of caesarean scar pregnancy depends on the amount of definitive placenta developing inside the scar and depth of villous invasion.
“The outcome of caesarean scar pregnancy depends on the amount of definitive placenta developing inside the scar and depth of villous invasion.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The experience of radiologists remains an independent factor in the diagnostic accuracy of MRI.
“Furthermore, the experience of the radiologists remains an independent factor in the diagnostic accuracy of MRI.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The risk of major haemorrhage increases rapidly after 36 weeks of gestation.
“As the risk of major haemorrhage increases rapidly after 36 weeks of gestation”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“the UK guidelines recommend caesarean hysterectomy as the standard management and leaving the placenta in situ only for women desiring uterine preservation or when the surgical team considers caesarean hysterectomy inappropriate.”
From Placenta accreta spectrum – variations in clinical practice and maternal morbidity between the UK and France: a population‐based comparative study (2022) · cites this paper as [24]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Rated major: it would touch a result — a value a result rests on, reported and recomputed p-values on opposite sides of the significance level, two passages that conflict with no sign which is right, or a cited work retracted before this paper was published.
In the paper
“subsequent menstruation in 20/37 women (81.1%)”
Reported 81.1 · recomputed 54.054054
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 509
Neef, V., Flinspach, A. N., Eichler, K., Woebbecke, T., Noone, S., Kloka, J. A., Jennewein, L., Louwen, F., Zacharowski, K. D., & Raimann, F. J. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13041062 · Cited by 7
“Uterine artery embolization (UAE) is an alternative to caesarean HE, allowing preservation of the uterus and improvement of PPH, recommended by several national and international guidelines [11–13].”
An analysis of maternal-fetal prognosis in patients with placenta accreta
Ma, Y., Liu, R., Zhang, J., & Chen, Y. (2019) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2019.1614161 · Cited by 6
Antenatal management of singleton pregnancies conceived using assisted reproductive technology
Richardson, A., Taylor, M. J. O., Teoh, P. J., & Karasu, T. (2019) · The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist · doi:10.1111/tog.12608 · Cited by 7
Applicability of ultrasonography for detection of marginal sinus placenta previa
Ishibashi, H., Miyamoto, M., Shinmoto, H., et al. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000024253 · Cited by 6
Nitahara, K., Fujita, Y., Tanaka, D., Magarifuchi, N., Taniguchi, S., & Shimamoto, T. (2021) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-021-06025-7 · Cited by 6
Toijonen, A., Hinnenberg, P., Gissler, M., Heinonen, S. T., & Macharey, G. (2021) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2021.1871888 · Cited by 6
Xiong, W., Li, X., Liu, T., Ding, R., Cheng, L., Feng, D., Duan, D., Su, M., Li, Y., Yang, X. Q., et al. (2022) · Placenta · doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2022.07.006 · Cited by 6
Emam, D., Corbella, G., Poziello, C., Fabozzo, S., Farina, A., Candiani, M., Kagan, K. O., & Cavoretto, P. I. (2025) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-025-08172-7 · Cited by 5
Panaitescu, A. M., Peltecu, G. C., Botezatu, R., Iancu, G., & Gică, N. (2022) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina58050678 · Cited by 5
“Histopathology confirmation should become the gold standard for diagnosing PAS [39].”
BackgroundGolyanovskiy, O. V., Kulchytskiy, D. V., & Рубінштейн, А. М. (2022) · Reproductive health of woman · doi:10.30841/2708-8731.5.2022.265469 · Cited by 5
Kükrer, S., Arlıer, S., Dılek, O., & Gülümser, Ç. (2024) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-024-06996-w · Cited by 5
Perspective in diagnostic accuracy of prenatal ultrasound and MRI for placenta accreta
Yang, Q., Zhang, C., Zhang, Y., & Liu, C.-N. (2025) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2025.2463401 · Cited by 8
Evidence-Based Perioperative Management of Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorder
Gilner, J. B., & Deshmukh, U. S. (2025) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000005920 · Cited by 5
Gan, Y., Chen, Z., & Shi, Q. (2020) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-020-05625-z · Cited by 5
“Bleeding from the LUS remains an intractable obstetric problem, especially when complicated with PP or PAS.”
BackgroundInfluentialZhang, S., Qi, Y., Xue, X., et al. (2021) · Health Science Reports · doi:10.1002/hsr2.407 · Cited by 5
Placenta previa and placenta accreta: questions of diagnosing and obstetric management
Syundyukova, E. G., Chulanova, Y. S., Сашенков, С. Л., Medvedev, B. I., & Узлова, Т. В. (2022) · Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist · doi:10.17116/rosakush20222203112 · Cited by 7
Trial of Labor Compared With Elective Cesarean Delivery for Low-Lying Placenta
Froeliger, A., Madar, H., Jeanneteau, P., Ruiz, V., Lous, M. L., Perrotin, F., Winer, N., Dreyfus, M., Merviel, P., Mattuizzi, A., et al. (2022) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1097/aog.0000000000004890 · Cited by 5
Self-citationElmaraghy, A. M., Fayed, S. T., Ali, M. A. E., Hassanien, M. A., & Mamdouh, A. M. (2023) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s399520 · Cited by 5
Mappa, I., Malón, S. E., D’Antonio, F., & Chandraharan, E. (2025) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2025.2452920 · Cited by 4
Li, M., Su, X., Liao, W., Huang, L., Yang, Y., Wu, X., Fan, Y., Liu, J., Yang, X., Zeng, Z., et al. (2025) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-025-01937-0 · Cited by 4
“Placenta previa (PP), a situation where the placenta partially or completely obstructs the endocervix, often accompanied by placenta accreta spectrum (PAS), is more likely to cause PPH [3–5].”
Movahedi, M., Farahbod, F., & Mootamedi, M. (2023) · Advanced Biomedical Research · doi:10.4103/abr.abr_188_22 · Cited by 4
Srinivasan, D., Shaw, C. J., Dall’Asta, A., Papanikoloau, K., Yazbek, J., & Lees, C. C. (2021) · European Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.11.425 · Cited by 4
Prevalence and Fetomaternal Outcome of Placenta Previa at Salmaniya Medical Complex, Bahrain
Hubaishi, F. A., & Mahmood, N. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.27873 · Cited by 4
“Trophotropism occurs when the placenta grows into an area with increased blood supply, typically the fundus, and the part that is closest to the cervix eventually regresses and atrophies [14].”
BackgroundCaldas, R., Parr, A., Adno, A. M., Borok, N., Smoleniec, J., & Rahimpanah, F. (2023) · Clinical and Experimental Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.31083/j.ceog5003068 · Cited by 4
Bhaskaran, S., & Radhika, A. G. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-19-6145-8_20 · Cited by 4
Placenta accreta spectrum: imaging and diagnosis
Self, A., Cavallaro, A., & Collins, S. (2025) · The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist · doi:10.1111/tog.12956 · Cited by 8
Self-citationNyagaka, F., Mutiso, S. K., & Oindi, F. M. (2025) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.16178 · Cited by 4
“Two patients had manual removal of placenta followed by application of compression sutures and balloon tamponade to control bleeding (patients 2, 4).”
Placenta Percreta is Associated With More Frequent Severe Maternal Morbidity than Placenta Accreta
Marcellin, L., Delorme, P., Bonnet, M., Grangé, G., Kayem, G., Tsatsaris, V., & Goffinet, F. (2019) · Obstetric Anesthesia Digest · doi:10.1097/01.aoa.0000557683.60967.2c · Cited by 4
Self-citationManaging Placenta Accreta Spectrum Disorders (PAS) in Middle/Low-Resource Settings
Hussein, A. M., Kamel, A., Elbarmelgy, R. A., Thabet, M. M., & Elbarmelgy, R. M. (2019) · Current Obstetrics and Gynecology Reports · doi:10.1007/s13669-019-00263-y · Cited by 4
Fazari, A. B. E., Aristondo, M. E. R., Azim, F., et al. (2019) · Clinical Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.29328/journal.cjog.1001027 · Cited by 4
Placenta praevia – does it really affect intrauterine fetal growth?
Lipa, M., Goławski, K., Kosinski, P. D., et al. (2020) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2020.1843152 · Cited by 4
Embolie pulmonaire et grossesse
Rossignol, M., & Rigouzzo, A. (2021) · Le Praticien en Anesthésie Réanimation · doi:10.1016/j.pratan.2021.04.003 · Cited by 4
Gorczyca, M. E., Springer, S., Pateisky, P., Ott, J., Ulm, B., & Chalubinski, K. M. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10214960 · Cited by 4
“Current consensus recommends delivery between weeks 34–37, to balance the risk of maternal hemorrhage in the setting of preterm labor, but also to prevent fetal morbidity due to prematurity [5,11].”
BackgroundAssociation between placental implantation abnormalities and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy
Zheng, P., Chen, D., Ye, B., Yang, X., & Cheng, W. (2021) · Journal of obstetrics and gynaecology research · doi:10.1111/jog.15104 · Cited by 4
Syed, W., Liaqat, N., Naseeb, G., & Khattak, S. M. (2022) · Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.12669/pjms.38.5.5097 · Cited by 4
Polizio, R. P., Yamauchi, F. I., Mendes, R. F. P., Peres, S. V., Kondo, M., & Francisco, R. P. V. (2022) · Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.clinsp.2022.100027 · Cited by 5
“[ 10] Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is usually performed only once as a secondary tool in cases in which ultrasound is inconclusive, [10] mainly for the evaluation of the posterior uterine wall[7,11-15] and improves surgical planning by identifying the location of invasive placentation.”
MethodXu, X., & Zhu, X. (2022) · International Journal of Clinical Practice · doi:10.1155/2022/7750598 · Cited by 4
“In recent years, as the advances of interventional therapy in placenta previa, balloon occlusion has been gradually acknowleged and applied in the treatment of placenta previa [16].”
Staniczek, J., Manasar-Dyrbuś, M., Skowronek, K., et al. (2023) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina59040641 · Cited by 4
“The incidence of PAS is constantly increasing due to various causes, including the increasing numbers of cesarean sections, advanced maternal age, and an increasing use of assisted reproductive techniques, which have all been identified as risk factors for incorrect placental implantation [8,9].”
BackgroundRebeiz, M., El‐Kak, F., van den Akker, T., Hamadeh, R. S., & McCall, S. J. (2023) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.14770 · Cited by 4
Shaamash, A. H., AlQasem, M. H., Ghamdi, D. S. A., Mahfouz, A. A., & Eskandar, M. A. (2023) · Annals of Saudi Medicine · doi:10.5144/0256-4947.2023.219 · Cited by 4
Walsh, C. A., & Lees, N. (2023) · Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine · doi:10.1002/ajum.12369 · Cited by 4
Zhan, Y., Lu, E., Xu, T., Huang, G., Deng, C., Chen, T., Ren, Y., Wu, X., Yu, H., & Wang, X. (2024) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-024-06834-z · Cited by 7
Castaldi, M. A., Torelli, A. P., Scala, P., Castaldi, S. G., Mollo, A., Perniola, G., & Polichetti, M. (2024) · Translational Medicine UniSa · doi:10.37825/2239-9747.1060 · Cited by 4
Retrospective Evaluation of Placenta Previa Cases: A Secondary-center Experince
Obut, M., & Oğlak, S. C. (2020) · Namık Kemal Tıp Dergisi · doi:10.37696/nkmj.653185 · Cited by 4
Ononeze, B. O., Ononeze, V. N., & Holohan, M. (2006) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443610600903297 · Cited by 4
Bi, S., Zhang, L., Wang, Z., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-17936/v2 · Cited by 4
Li, M., Zhang, H., Song, X. M., Li, L., Meng, F., & Chu, R. (2025) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2025.1539998 · Cited by 3
“These centers must ensure immediate access to blood products, neonatal and adult intensive care facilities, and surgeons experienced in complex pelvic surgeries (4, 5).”
Çalışkan-Şenay, Z., Korkmaz, Ş. A., Güler, M., & Şahin, D. (2025) · International Journal of Women s Health · doi:10.2147/ijwh.s563955 · Cited by 3
Bonsen, L. R., Harskamp, V., Feddouli, S., Bloemenkamp, K. W. M., Duvekot, J. J., Pors, A., van Roosmalen, J., Zwart, J. J., Lith, J. M. M. V., Hendriks, J., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2023.2251076 · Cited by 3
Quality evaluation of clinical practice guidelines for placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Hu, C., Zhang, W., Pu, H., Fei, K., Li, Q., & Huang, J. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28390 · Cited by 3
Pinton, A., Ornaghi, S., Knight, M., Sentilhes, L., Donati, S., Kayem, G., & Deneux‐Tharaux, C. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07271-2 · Cited by 3
Self-citationAbnormally invasive placentation: diagnosis and management
Agten, A. K., & Jones, N. W. (2019) · Obstetrics Gynaecology & Reproductive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ogrm.2019.04.005 · Cited by 3
Etiology and diagnosis of placenta accreta
Игоревна, Б. Е. (2020) · Russian Bulletin of Obstetrician-Gynecologist · doi:10.17116/rosakush20202003124 · Cited by 3
Ahmed, H. A., Minisha, F., Babarinsa, I., Omar, A., Bayo, A. I., Omar, K. K., & Farrell, T. J. (2021) · Qatar medical journal · doi:10.5339/qmj.2021.8 · Cited by 3
“The RCOG guidance on uterine preservation appears somewhat contradictory.(14) It observes that "there is limited evidence to support uterine preserving surgery in placenta percreta" and that the patient should be informed of the "high risk of peripartum and secondary complications including the need for secondary hyst…”
BackgroundFactors Associated with Placenta Previa: A Retrospective, Single-Center Study in Turkey
Fındık, F. M. (2022) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.938023 · Cited by 3
Yaşar, Ş., & Yoloğlu, S. (2022) · The Journal of Cognitive Systems · doi:10.52876/jcs.1180200 · Cited by 3
Chohan, M. A., Butt, P. F., Imran, M., Zahra, S., & Chohan, D. M. (2022) · Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.12669/pjms.39.1.6990 · Cited by 3
Placenta accreta spectrum. Current diagnostic issues
Volkov, A. E., Rymashevskiy, M. A., & Andrusenko, I. V. (2023) · Medical Herald of the South of Russia · doi:10.21886/2219-8075-2022-13-4-58-65 · Cited by 3
Seguin, N., Visintini, S. M., Muldoon, K. A., & Walker, M. C. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-068892 · Cited by 3
Placenta Accreta Spectrum Prophylactic Therapy for Hyperfibrinolysis with Tranexamic Acid
Ayub, T. H., Strizek, B., Poetzsch, B., Kosian, P., Gembruch, U., & Merz, W. M. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13010135 · Cited by 3
“…for third-trimester placental basal plates, increased vascular perfusion between the uteroplacental interface reaching the uterine serosa, bladder wall interruption, placental bulge, and exophytic mass hypervascularity (Figure 1) [8,35–38]. reduction in blood loss and need for transfusions [2,20].”
BackgroundBourgioti, C. I., Konidari, M., Eleftheriades, M. I., Theodora, M. K., Nikolaidou, M. E., Zafeiropoulou, K., Tzavara, C. K., Fotopoulos, S., Daskalakis, G., & Moulopoulos, L. A. (2024) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics14090925 · Cited by 4
“According to FIGO MRIs recommended for the identification of posterior PAS compared to ultrasound as it allows better visualization of the posterior uterine wall, with reported accuracy values up to 73.5% and 52.4% respectively [13,18].”
BackgroundInfluentialPrenatal detection of placenta accreta spectrum using a sonographic checklist
Bartels, H. C., Walsh, J., Carroll, S., Downey, P., O’Brien, D. J., McAuliffe, F. M., C'Connor, C., Thompson, C. L., Donnelly, J. C., Brennan, D. J., et al. (2024) · Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aogs.14943 · Cited by 7
“Overall, the median (IQR) number of features present in PAS cases was significantly higher than in the non-PAS placenta previa group (six features [3–8] vs. two features [0–3] p = 0.001), and in no case of non-PAS were there more than five features present.”
Influential"The Killer Placenta" — a threat to the lives of young women giving birth by cesarean section
Cnota, W., Banas, E., Dziechcinska-Poletek, D., Janowska, E., Jagielska, A., Piela, B., & Czuba, B. (2022) · Ginekologia Polska · doi:10.5603/gp.a2021.0235 · Cited by 5
Umeh, U. A., Eleje, G. U., Onuh, J. U., et al. (2022) · Obstetrics and Gynecology International · doi:10.1155/2022/8028639 · Cited by 3
“According to the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (RCOG) Green-top guideline on placenta previa and placenta accreta, it was suggested that early ultrasound should be performed between 18 + 6 and 21 + 6 weeks of gestation [33].”
MethodUltrasound in Labour and Delivery
Thompson, M. O. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-75385-6_9 · Cited by 3
Caesarean Section for Placenta Previa: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Anaesthesia Techniques
Ismail, S., & Rashid, S. (2023) · doi:10.5152/tjar.2023.22789 · Cited by 3
Placenta Accreta Spectrum in Normal Situated Placenta and Unscarred Uterus
Hakimi, H. M. H., Ramli, N., Napes, M. M., Wahab, W. N. N., & Rohim, R. A. A. (2023) · Oman Medical Journal · doi:10.5001/omj.2024.12 · Cited by 2
Brandstetter, M., Eiben, C., Bogner, G., Jacobs, V. R., Jaksch‐Bogensperger, H., Fazelnia, C., & Fischer, T. (2025) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.1080/14767058.2025.2498550 · Cited by 3
“Consequently, the onset of contractions often causes severe maternal bleeding and can end in an emergency Cesarean section (CS), blood transfusions or even postpartum hysterectomy [8,9].”
Sentilhes, L., Madar, H., Ifrah, A., Chrétien, J., Deneux‐Tharaux, C., & the TRAAPREVIA Study Group, T. G. D. R. E. O. E. G. (. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07682-1 · Cited by 2
Self-citationThe effect of hemoglobin level in early life on periventricular leukomalacia: a case control study
Yu, M., Sun, Z., He, L., Zhang, C., & Sun, H. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-13696-8 · Cited by 2
Placenta Praevia and Placenta Accreta Spectrum: Diagnosis and Management
Jauniaux, E. R. M., Bhide, A., Hussein, A. M., LEES, C. C., D'Antonio, F., Robson, S. C., Agten, A. K., & Jurkovic, D. (2026) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.70239 · Cited by 10
Self-citationЛакатош, П. В., Лакатош, В. П., Купчик, В. И., Kostenko, O. Y., & Антонюк, М. И. (2020) · Reproductive Endocrinology · doi:10.18370/2309-4117.2020.54.67-71 · Cited by 2
Kanigalpula, S. P. R., Murali, A., Raveendranath, A., Vadivelu, P., Maurya, D. K., & Keepanasseril, A. (2022) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2022.2027892 · Cited by 2
Sharawi, N., Whittington, J. R., Sultan, P., et al. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-72487-0_36 · Cited by 2
Aiob, A., Gaziyev, Z., Mikhail, S. M., Wolf, M. F., Lowenstein, L., & Odeh, M. (2022) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/ajo.13611 · Cited by 2
Yemane, A., Teka, H., & Kiros, S. (2023) · International Medical Case Reports Journal · doi:10.2147/imcrj.s403052 · Cited by 2
Wang, Y., & Zhang, S. (2023) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.15241 · Cited by 2
“13 17 Pregnant women may be prenatally diagnosed with PP and may not undergo a vaginal delivery.”
BackgroundWong, Y. F., Lo, T. K., Chan, V. Y. T., Ng, V. K. S., Yung, W. K., Tsang, H. H., Koo, C. H., Cho, D. H. Y., Lau, W. L., & Leung, W. C. (2023) · Hong Kong Journal of Gynaecology Obstetrics and Midwifery · doi:10.12809/hkjgom.23.2.342 · Cited by 2
Wu, Q., Xi, F., Luo, P., Dong, T., Jiang, H., & Luo, Q. (2024) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.15702 · Cited by 2
Wekere, F. C. C., Inimgba, N. M., Kua, P. L., Okagua, K. E., Asikimabo-Ofori, S., Ocheche, U. S., & Clement-Wekere, G. A. F. (2024) · PubMed Central · doi:10.60787/nmj-63-6-160 · Cited by 2
The placenta and umbilical cord in prenatal care: Unseen, overlooked and misunderstood
Jauniaux, E. R. M., Lees, C. C., Bhide, A., et al. (2024) · BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/1471-0528.17936 · Cited by 2
Self-citationFluid resuscitation strategy in patients with placenta previa accreta: a retrospective study
Zhou, F., Liu, N., Huang, G., Yu, H., & Wang, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2024.1454067 · Cited by 2
Placental lesions in birth asphyxia and hypoxic ischemic syndrome
Calomfirescu‐Avramescu, A., Ceauşelu, L., Demetrian, M., et al. (2024) · Medicine International · doi:10.3892/mi.2024.205 · Cited by 2
Preoperative ultrasound risk factors for peripartum hysterectomy among PAS suspected pregnancies
Wang, L., Liu, T., Yang, Y., Li, Y., Xiao, L., Li, X., & Wei, S. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07163-5 · Cited by 2
Li, Y., Li, L., Song, X. M., Meng, F., Zhang, M., Li, Y. J., & Chu, R. (2025) · Therapeutic Advances in Reproductive Health · doi:10.1177/26334941251317644 · Cited by 2
“30 Placenta previa not only acts as a risk factor for PAS but also exhibits an association with an elevated risk of severe maternal outcomes among patients diagnosed with PAS.”
Nessar, A. Z., Dal, Y., Karagün, Ş., Kıllı, M. Ç., Yıldız, H., Durukan, H., Adıgüzel, F. I., & Coşkun, A. (2025) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-025-07491-6 · Cited by 2
Eyı, E. G. Y., Öztürk, F. H., & Alkan, M. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Ultrasound · doi:10.1002/jcu.22903 · Cited by 3
Caesarean hysterectomy in a patient with placenta accreta spectrum disorders
Tjokroprawiro, B. A. (2021) · BMJ Case Reports · doi:10.1136/bcr-2021-242044 · Cited by 2
Successful conservative treatment of placenta accreta with traditional Chinese medicine
Huang, H., Wang, J., Li, K., & Ma, H. (2021) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000024820 · Cited by 2
Vaginal delivery after previous caesarian section
Zahorodnia, O. S., Leush, S. S., & Ventskivska, I. B. (2021) · Reproductive health of woman · doi:10.30841/2708-8731.1.2021.229718 · Cited by 2
Bi, S., Zhang, L., Li, Y., Yingyu, L., Lijun, H., Huang, M., Baoying, H., Jin-ping, J., Yinli, C., Wang, S., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.745080 · Cited by 2
Baergen, R. N., & Matrai, C. E. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-84725-8_17 · Cited by 2
Bakri Balloon: an easy, useful and effective option for the treatment of postpartum haemorrhage
Puente-Luján, M. J., Andrés-Orós, M.-P., Álvarez-Sarrado, L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2022.2039903 · Cited by 2
“Bakri Balloon was originally developed for treating haemorrhages due to abnormal placentation in the lower uterine segment (placenta accreta and placenta previa) (Bakri et al. 2001; Jauniaux et al. 2019).”
BackgroundA vaginal birth is a cost-reduction strategy for women with a low-lying placenta
Colciago, E., Ferrara, P., Tessitore, I. V., Mantovani, L. G., Vergani, P., & Ornaghi, S. (2024) · Minerva Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.23736/s2724-606x.24.05443-5 · Cited by 2
Seoud, M. A.-F., Chahine, R., Arab, W., Jaafar, I., Moubarak, M., Kassis, N. E., Abdallah, R. M., Ramadan, M. K., Nassar, M. N., Nassar, A. H., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics · doi:10.1002/ijgo.15701 · Cited by 2
Shaamash, A. H., Ali, M. K., & Attyia, K. M. (2019) · Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1080/01443615.2019.1645099 · Cited by 4
“Both, grades I and II were considered as placenta praevia minor degree while grades III and IV were considered as major degree (Jauniaux et al. 2018).”
BackgroundImproving basic training in obstetric ultrasound: developing a framework for specialist trainees
Hughes, R., & Rajesh, U. (2021) · The Obstetrician & Gynaecologist · doi:10.1111/tog.12760 · Cited by 1
Bircher, C., & Prosser‐Snelling, E. (2021) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108863049.055 · Cited by 1
Prähospitale Notfälle bei Schwangeren – was gilt es zu wissen?
Strauss, A. S., & Gräsner, J. (2022) · Notfallmedizin up2date · doi:10.1055/a-1521-0659 · Cited by 1
Staged treatment of placenta accreta spectrum: A combined surgical and radiological approach
West, S., Martin, A. R., Copping, R., Gard, G., Maher, R., & Seeho, S. K. M. (2023) · Australian and New Zealand Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology · doi:10.1111/ajo.13646 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Jauniaux, E., Alfirevic, Z., Bhide, A., Belfort, M., Burton, G., Collins, S., Dornan, S., Jurkovic, D., Kayem, G., Kingdom, J., Silver, R., Sentilhes, L., & the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists
- Venue
- BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2018-09-27
- Volume
- 126
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e1-e48
- ISSN
- 0306-5456 (ISSN-L)
- 1470-0328
- 1471-0528
- OpenAlex
- W2893484390
- Semantic Scholar
- 0b379aae03b8ec4c0185704e0fe8ec080a1f082a
- Cited by
- 506
- References
- 219
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 53 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 71 · 2022: 98 · 2021: 94 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 53.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- BJOG An International Journal of Obstetrics & Gynaecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and fetal healthcare
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood transfusion and management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Keywords
- placenta previa, placenta accreta spectrum, prenatal diagnosis, ultrasound screening, cesarean section, hysterectomy, uterine incision, placental location, risk factors, previous cesarean section, interventional radiology, maternal morbidity and mortality
- MeSH terms
- Cesarean Section, Female, Humans, Placenta Accreta, Placenta Previa, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Ultrasonography, Prenatal, Premature Birth
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