Searching for Control: Priming Randomness Increases the Evaluation of Ritual Efficacy
Open accessAbstract
Reestablishing feelings of control after experiencing uncertainty has long been considered a fundamental motive for human behavior. We propose that rituals (i.e., socially stipulated, causally opaque practices) provide a means for coping with the aversive feelings associated with randomness due to the perception of a connection between ritual action and a desired outcome. Two experiments were conducted (one in Brazil [n = 40] and another in the United States [n = 94]) to evaluate how the perceived efficacy of rituals is affected by feelings of randomness. In a between‐subjects design, the Scramble Sentence Task was used as a priming procedure in three conditions (i.e., randomness, negativity, and neutral) and participants were then asked to rate the efficacy of rituals used for problem‐solving purposes. The results demonstrate that priming randomness increased participants' perception of ritual efficacy relative to negativity and neutral conditions. Implications for increasing our understanding of the relationship between perceived control and ritualistic behavior are discussed.
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- Authors
- Legare, C. H., & Souza, A. L.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Concordia University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Legare, Cristine H.
- ORCID
- Legare, Cristine H.
- Venue
- Cognitive Science
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-08-13
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 152-161
- ISSN
- 0364-0213 (ISSN-L)
- 1551-6709
- OpenAlex
- W2051180076
- Semantic Scholar
- bcc755b23ff888313cedd6f7230b1e2d4b65a417
- Cited by
- 78
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 7.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cognitive Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/I005455/1)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Paranormal Experiences and Beliefs
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Keywords
- ritual efficacy, perceived control, randomness, uncertainty, priming, ritual behavior, negativity
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Brazil, Ceremonial Behavior, Humans, Internal-External Control, United States, Uncertainty
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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