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The impact of marine nutrient abundance on early eukaryotic ecosystems
Abstract
The rise of eukaryotes to ecological prominence represents one of the most dramatic shifts in the history of Earth's biosphere. However, there is an enigmatic temporal lag between the emergence of eukaryotic organisms in the fossil record and their much later ecological expansion. In parallel, there is evidence for a secular increase in the availability of the key macronutrient phosphorus (P) in Earth's oceans. Here, we use an Earth system model equipped with a size‐structured marine ecosystem to explore relationships between plankton size, trophic complexity, and the availability of marine nutrients. We find a strong dependence of planktonic ecosystem structure on ocean nutrient abundance, with a larger ocean nutrient inventory leading to greater overall biomass, broader size spectra, and increasing abundance of large Zooplankton. If existing estimates of Proterozoic marine nutrient levels are correct, our results suggest that increases in the ecological impact of eukaryotic algae and trophic complexity in eukaryotic ecosystems were directly linked to restructuring of the global P cycle associated with the protracted rise of surface oxygen levels. Our results thus suggest an indirect but potentially important mechanism by which ocean oxygenation may have acted to shape marine ecological function during late Proterozoic time.
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“This is also consistent with models of relatively low nutrient P in the ocean interior, which may have limited the overall scope of Earth's eukaryotic biosphere despite the presence of eukaryotic life in the surface ocean (Reinhard et al., 2020).”
From Oxygenation, Life, and the Planetary System during Earth's Middle History: An Overview (2021) · cites this paper as Reinhard et al., 2020
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Reinhard, C. T., Planavsky, N. J., Ward, B. A., Love, G. D., Le Hir, G., & Ridgwell, A.
- Affiliations
- School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta Georgia
- NASA Astrobiology Institute Alternative Earths Team Riverside California
- Ocean and Earth Science University of Southampton Southampton UK
- Institute de Physique du Globe de Paris Paris France
- Venue
- Geobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-02-17
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 139-151
- ISSN
- 1472-4677
- 1472-4669
- Cited by
- 60
- References
- 28
- Language
- en
- Licence
- Funders
- NASA Astrobiology Institute
- National Science Foundation (1338299)
- Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
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