Cited by 657Maternal and Perinatal Health InterventionsMaternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and PostpartumMaternal and Neonatal Healthcare

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A Negative Birth Experience: Prevalence and Risk Factors in a National Sample

Waldenström, Ulla, Hildingsson, Ingegerd, Rubertsson, Christine, Rådestad, Ingela·2004·Birth

DOI 10.1111/j.0730-7659.2004.0270.x

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Abstract

Background A woman's dissatisfaction with the experience of labor and birth may affect her emotional well-being and willingness to have another baby. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and risk factors of a negative birth experience in a national sample. Methods A longitudinal cohort study of 2541 women recruited from all antenatal clinics in Sweden during 3 weeks spread over 1 year was conducted. Data were collected by three questionnaires, which measured women's global experience of labor and birth 1 year after the birth, and obtained information on possible risk factors during pregnancy and 2 months after the birth. Results Seven percent of the women had a negative birth experience. The following risk factors were found: (1) factors related to unexpected medical problems, such as emergency operative delivery, induction, augmentation of labor, and infant transfer to neonatal care; (2) factors related to the woman's social life, such as unwanted pregnancy and lack of support from partner; (3) factors related to the woman's feelings during labor, such as pain and lack of control; and (4) factors that may be easier to influence by the caregivers, such as insufficient time allocated to the woman's own questions at antenatal checkups, lack of support during labor, and administration of obstetric analgesia. Conclusions Many risk factors were related to unexpected medical problems and participants' social background. Of the established methods to improve women…

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“Fear of childbirth, lack of effective coping strategies and support from partners may adversely affect pregnant women’s psychological state and lead to negative birth experience [3, 4].”
BackgroundInfluential
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“Waldenstrom et al. (2004) suggest that some women who experience a traumatic birth go on to experience post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).”
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Hildingsson, I., Karlström, A., & Nystedt, A. (2011) · Australian and New Zealand journal of obstetrics and gynaecology · doi:10.1111/j.1479-828x.2010.01262.x · Cited by 79
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“These were the same comparative groups used to establish construct validity of the CEQ in Swedish women [1] and previous research has indicated that oxytocin augmentation [10], a long duration of labour [11,12] and operative birth have a negative impact on birth experience [10].”
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Self-citation
Maternal childbirth experience in induced and spontaneous labour measured in a visual analog scale and the factors influencing it; a two-year cohort study
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“The survey comprised many areas, such as women’s experiences of physical and emotional well-being and their expectations and experiences of care during pregnancy and childbirth (Hildingsson et al., 2002a, 2002b, 2003; Fabian et al., 2004; Rådestad et al., 2004; Waldenström et al., 2004; Hildingsson et al., 2005; Ruber…”
BackgroundSelf-citation
Foreign-Born Women's Experiences of Community-Based Doulas in Sweden—A Qualitative Study
Akhavan, S., & Edge, D. (2012) · Health Care for Women International · doi:10.1080/07399332.2011.646107 · Cited by 69
“The support of a midwife and the father during labor has been shown to have a significant and positive impact on a laboring woman’s experience (Hodnett, 2002; Waldenström et al., 2004; Waldenström, Rudman, & Hildingsson, 2006).”
Background
The predictive role of support in the birth experience: A longitudinal cohort study.
Sigurdardottir, V., Gamble, J., Gudmundsdottir, B., Kristjánsdóttir, H., Sveinsdóttir, H., & Gottfredsdottir, H. (2017) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2017.04.003 · Cited by 69
The childbirth experience: obstetric and psychological predictors in Italian primiparous women
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Influence on birthing positions affects women's sense of control in second stage of labour.
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“Although, studies showed that high levels of labour pain related negatively to sense of control (Green and Baston, 2003) and influenced the experience of birth (Waldenström et al., 2004; Christiaens and Bracke, 2007; Rijnders et al., 2008), others found that high levels of pain does not necessarily bring about dissati…”
Background
FEAR OF CHILDBIRTH: A CONTRIBUTION TO THE VALIDATION OF THE ITALIAN VERSION OF THE WIJMA DELIVERY EXPECTANCY/EXPERIENCE QUESTIONNAIRE (WDEQ)
Fenaroli, V., & Saita, E. (2013) · doi:10.4473/tpm20.xxxxxx · Cited by 39
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Background
Prevalence and predictors of perceived disrespectful maternity care in postpartum Iranian women: a cross-sectional study
Hajizadeh, K., Vaezi, M., Meedya, S., Mohammad Alizadeh Charandabi, S., & Mirghafourvand, M. (2020) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-020-03124-2 · Cited by 67
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Women's birth expectations, are they fulfilled? Findings from a longitudinal Swedish cohort study.
Hildingsson, I. (2015) · Women and Birth · doi:10.1016/j.wombi.2015.01.011 · Cited by 67
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Women's views and experiences of maternity care: A study of immigrant Afghan women in Melbourne, Australia
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A survey on worries of pregnant women - testing the German version of the Cambridge Worry Scale
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Partner support in the childbearing period -- a follow up study.
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Self-citation

Authors: Waldenström, U., Hildingsson, I., Rubertsson, C., & Rådestad, I.
Affiliations: Karolinska Institutet (SE)
Mälardalen University (SE)
ORCID: Waldenström, Ulla
Hildingsson, Ingegerd
Rubertsson, Christine
Venue: Birth
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2004-03
Volume: 31
Issue: 1
Pages: 17-27
ISSN: 0730-7659 (ISSN-L)
1523-536X
DOI: 10.1111/j.0730-7659.2004.0270.x
OpenAlex: W2065036734
Cited by: 657
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 16 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 50 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 44 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 24 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 23
FWCI: 18.70
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 18 d)
Locations: Birth (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Maternal and Perinatal Health Interventions
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Maternal and Neonatal Healthcare
Keywords: negative birth experience, childbirth satisfaction, risk factors, labor induction, labor augmentation, neonatal transport, unwanted pregnancy, partner support, labor pain, prenatal care, obstetric analgesia, childbirth education, maternal emotional well-being
MeSH terms: Adult, Female, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Labor, Obstetric, Longitudinal Studies, Maternal Health Services, Maternal Welfare, Mothers, Pain, Personal Satisfaction, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, Regression Analysis, Risk Factors, Sweden, Time Factors, Cohort Studies, Prevalence, Delivery, Obstetric

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A Negative Birth Experience: Prevalence and Risk Factors in a National Sample

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