Temperature and soil organic matter decomposition rates - synthesis of current knowledge and a way forward
Abstract
The response of soil organic matter (OM) decomposition to increasing temperature is a critical aspect of ecosystem responses to global change. The impacts of climate warming on decomposition dynamics have not been resolved due to apparently contradictory results from field and lab experiments, most of which has focused on labile carbon with short turnover times. But the majority of total soil carbon stocks are comprised of organic carbon with turnover times of decades to centuries. Understanding the response of these carbon pools to climate change is essential for forecasting longer-term changes in soil carbon storage. Herein, we briefly synthesize information from recent studies that have been conducted using a wide variety of approaches. In our effort to understand research to-date, we derive a new conceptual model that explicitly identifies the processes controlling soil OM availability for decomposition and allows a more explicit description of the factors regulating OM decomposition under different circumstances. It explicitly defines resistance of soil OM to decomposition as being due either to its chemical conformation (quality) or its physico-chemical protection from decomposition. The former is embodied in the depolymerization process, the latter by adsorption/desorption and aggregate turnover. We hypothesize a strong role for variation in temperature sensitivity as a function of reaction rates for both. We conclude that important advances in understanding the temperature response of the processes that control substrate availability, depolymerization, microbial efficiency, and enzyme production will be needed to predict the fate of soil carbon stocks in a warmer world.
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The stabilisation of soil organic carbon pools depends essentially on the relation between soil temperature, chemical composition and physical protection.
“The stabilisation of SOC pools depends essentially on the relation between soil temperature [41], chemical composition [144] and physical protection.”
From Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out? (2015) · cites this paper as [144]
Emerging evidence that stabilized SOM is of microbial rather than direct plant origin may offer potential to manipulate the soil-plant microbiome to enhance C sequestration in the rhizosphere.
“And emerging evidence that stabilized SOM is of microbial rather than direct plant origin 34,39 may offer a potential to manipulate the soil-plant microbiome to enhance C sequestration in the rhizosphere.”
From Climate-smart soils (2016) · cites this paper as [34]
Key knowledge gaps affecting understanding of soil C sequestration include differential temperature sensitivity of C turnover among SOM fractions, interactions among organic matter chemistry, mineral surface interactions and C saturation, and subsoil (>30 cm) SOM accretion, turnover and stabilization.
“Key knowledge gaps that affect our understanding of soil C sequestration processes and management options to implement them include questions about the differential temperature sensitivity of C turnover among SOM fractions 33 , interactions among organic matter chemistry, mineral surface interactions and C saturation [34][35][36] , and subsoil (> 30 cm) SOM accretion, turnover and stabilization 37”
From Climate-smart soils (2016) · cites this paper as [34]
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Self-citationTemperature dependence of old soil organic matter
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Self-citationDoes Physical Protection of Soil Organic Matter Attenuate Temperature Sensitivity?
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Self-citationTemperature Dependence of Old Soil Organic Matter
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Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
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Self-citationA test of the hierarchical model of litter decomposition
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Self-citationCarbon for soils, not soils for carbon
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Self-citationBiofuels from crop residue can reduce soil carbon and increase CO2 emissions
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Carbon Sequestration by Perennial Energy Crops: Is the Jury Still Out?
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- Authors
- Conant, R. T., Ryan, M. G., Ågren, G. I., Birge, H. E., Davidson, E. A., Eliasson, P. E., Evans, S. E., Frey, S. D., Giardina, C. P., Hopkins, F. M., Hyvönen, R., Kirschbaum, M. U. F., Lavallee, J. M., Leifeld, J., Parton, W. J., Megan Steinweg, J., Wallenstein, M. D., Martin Wetterstedt, J. Å., & Bradford, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Queensland University of Technology (AU)
- US Forest Service (US)
- Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SE)
- Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory; Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability; Colorado State University; Fort Collins; CO 80523-1499; USA
- Woodwell Climate Research Center (US)
- Colorado State University (US)
- University of New Hampshire (US)
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Manaaki Whenua – Landcare Research (NZ)
- Agroscope (CH)
- Department of Ecology; Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences; Uppsala 750 07; Sweden
- Yale University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Conant, Richard T.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Global Change Biology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-08-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 3392-3404
- ISSN
- 1354-1013 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2136009149
- Cited by
- 1,635
- References
- 147
- Citations by year
- 2026: 113 · 2025: 152 · 2024: 121 · 2023: 136 · 2022: 136 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 115 · 2019: 115 · 2018: 114 · 2017: 104 · 2016: 84 · 2015: 91 · 2014: 89 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 43
- FWCI
- 108.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Global Change Biology (publishedVersion)
- University of New Hampshire Scholars Repository (University of New Hampshire at Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil erosion and sediment transport
- Keywords
- soil organic matter decomposition, temperature sensitivity, global warming, soil carbon stocks, soil organic carbon turnover, depolymerization, substrate availability, adsorption-desorption, microbial efficiency, extracellular enzyme production, soil organic matter quality, conceptual model
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