Fatty acid‐induced induction of Toll‐like receptor‐4/nuclear factor‐κB pathway in adipocytes links nutritional signalling with innate immunity
Open accessAbstract
To study the effects of fatty acids and the involvement of the Toll-like receptor-4/nuclear factor-kappaB (TLR-4/NF-kappaB) pathway with respect to the secretion of adipokines from adipocytes 3T3-L1 adipocytes were stimulated with increasing doses of fatty acids. The secretion of adiponectin, resistin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The NF-kappaB p65 nuclear translocation and TLR-4 expression were investigated by Western blot. The effects mediated by NF-kappaB were tested using a specific NF-kappaB-inhibitor and TLR-4-induced effects were analysed with a neutralizing TLR-4 antibody. Binding of (14)C-labelled fatty acids to TLR-4/MD-2 was investigated using a FLAG-tagged extracellular part of TLR-4 fused to full-length MD-2 via a linker (lipopolysaccharide-Trap). The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of adipokines in abdominal adipose tissue of rats fed a standard chow or a high-fat diet was investigated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The TLR-4 is induced during adipocyte differentiation and its expression is enhanced following fatty acid stimulation. The stimulatory effects of stearic and palmitic acids on MCP-1 secretion and of palmitoleic acid on resistin secretion are mediated via NF-kappaB. The stimulatory effects of stearic, palmitic and palmitoleic acids on resistin secretion and the stimulatory effect of stearic acid on MCP-1 secretion are mediated via TLR-4. Fatty acid-mediated effect…
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FFA activates NF-κB through TLR4, leading to the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 to recruit macrophages, which further produce IL-6 and TNFα.
“In line with these findings, FFA activates NF-κB through TLR4, leading to the expression of monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) to recruit macrophages, which further produce IL-6 and TNFα (307, 308).”
From IL-6 in inflammation, autoimmunity and cancer (2021) · cites this paper as [308]
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“In line with these findings, FFA activates NF-κ B through TLR4, leading to the expression of monocyte chemo-tactic protein-1 (MCP-1) to recruit macrophages, which further produce IL-6 and TNF α (307, 308).”
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- Authors
- Schaeffler, A., Gross, P., Buettner, R., Bollheimer, C., Buechler, C., Neumeier, M., Kopp, A., Schoelmerich, J., & Falk, W.
- Affiliations
- University Hospital Regensburg (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Falk, Werner
- ORCID
- Buechler, Christa
- Venue
- Immunology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2009-01-05
- Volume
- 126
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 233-245
- ISSN
- 0019-2805 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2567
- PMC
- PMC2632685
- OpenAlex
- W1980152778
- Cited by
- 360
- References
- 5
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 28
- FWCI
- 17.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Immunology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Regensburg Publication Server (University of Regensburg) (acceptedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Keywords
- TLR4, NF-κB, fatty acids, adipocytes, adipokine secretion, innate immunity, adiponectin, resistin, MCP-1, stearic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, adipogenesis, high-fat diet, abdominal fat
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Cell Differentiation, Cells, Cultured, Diet, Dietary Fats, Fatty Acids, Immunity, Innate, Male, Signal Transduction, NF-kappa B, Rats, Wistar, Adipocytes, Chemokine CCL2, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Abdominal Fat, Toll-Like Receptor 4, Rats, Adiponectin, Resistin
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