Smoking induces insulin resistance—a potential link with the insulin resistance syndrome
Abstract
Objectives The acute effect of smoking and snuffing on insulin sensitivity was studied in a group of healthy habitual smokers. Design The euglycaemic clamp technique was combined with the subcutaneous injection of a bolus (0.1 U kg-1) of fast-acting insulin (Actrapid). Randomized subjects smoked either one cigarette per hour for 6 h, took one bag-packed snuff per hour for 6 h or refrained from nicotine for 48 h before as well as during the clamp. Subjects Seven healthy smokers, four females and three males, of normal weight (BMI, mean +/- SEM, 21 +/- 0.7 kg m-2 with a range of 18.6-23.9), aged 31 +/- 2 years (range 24-35 years), who had consumed at least 20 cigarettes per day for at least 5 years were studied. They were recruited through an advertisement in a newspaper. Results The steady-state plasma nicotine levels were similar during smoking and snuffing. The insulin and glucose levels were also similar during all three clamps. Smoking, but not snuffing, impaired insulin action (P Conclusion Smoking (also in habitual smokers) acutely impairs insulin action and leads to insulin resistance. Thus, smoking can be of importance for the development of the insulin resistance syndrome associated with risk for cardiovascular disease.
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Cigarette smoking may cause acute insulin resistance.
“Cigarette smoking is another potential confounder since it may cause acute insulin resistance (Attvall et al. 1993;Frati et al. 1996).”
From Glycaemic index methodology (2005) · cites this paper as Attvall et al. 1993
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Self-citationCigarette smoking worsens systemic inflammation in persons with metabolic syndrome
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- Authors
- ATTVALL, S., FOWELIN, J., LAGER, I., VON SCHENCK, H., & SMITH, U.
- Affiliations
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- ATTVALL, S.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Internal Medicine
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1993-04
- Volume
- 233
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 327-332
- ISSN
- 0954-6820 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2796
- OpenAlex
- W2061873243
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Internal Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- smoking, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, snuff, nicotine, insulin sensitivity, peripheral glucose uptake, growth hormone, counterregulatory hormones, cardiovascular risk
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Blood Glucose, Female, Humans, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Male, Nicotine, Plants, Toxic, Smoking, Syndrome, Tobacco, Smokeless, Glucose Clamp Technique
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