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Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal function in chronic intermittently cold-stressed neonatally handled and non handled rats

Bhatnagar, Seema, Meaney, Michael J.·1995·Journal of Neuroendocrinology
DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2826.1995.tb00672.x
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Abstract

Neonatally handled (H) animals, as adults, exhibit lower ACTH and corticosterone (B) responses to a number of acute stressors compared to their non‐handled (NH) counterparts. However, little is known about activity within the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis of H and NH animals under conditions of chronic stress. We, therefore, examined HPA function in adult H and NH rats exposed to chronic intermittent cold stress (4 h of 4°C cold a day for 21 days; H CHR and NH CHR) and in control H and NH (H CTL and NH CTL) rats. H CTL and NH CTL animals displayed comparable ACTH and B responses to a single, acute exposure to cold. We found that H CHR animals exhibited lower levels of ACTH, but not B, during the 21st exposure to cold (the homotypic stressor) compared to the first exposure to cold in H CTL; however, ACTH and B levels in NH CHR were not different from those in NH CTL. In contrast, NH CHR animals hypersecreted ACTH and B in response to restraint (the novel, heterotypic stressor) compared to NH CTL and both H groups, whereas H CHR and H CTL animals did not differ in their responses to restraint. These endocrine responses were associated with increased basal median eminence levels of both CRH and AVP in H CHR and NH CHR relative to their control groups (with NH CHR exhibiting the highest absolute levels of each secretagogue), and with decreased glucocorticoid receptor densities in septum of both H CHR and NH CHR. In addition, the expected lower glucocorticoid receptor density in hippocampus and frontal cortex of NH rats compared to H rats was observed. We believe that the difference in glucocorticoid receptor density between H and NH animals in the hippocampus and frontal cortex aid the associated differences in secretagogue content in the median eminence are related to the hypersecretion of ACTH and B in the NH CHR relative to the other groups. Furthermore, we hypothesize that an active inhibitory process is involved in the adaptation of HPA responses of H CHR animals to the homotypic stressor, and present a working model of regulation of activity within the CRH/AVP neurons in the PVN.

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Crossref · 10.1111/j.1365-2826.1995.tb00672.x

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Metadata

Authors
Bhatnagar, S., & Meaney, M. J.
Venue
Journal of Neuroendocrinology
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1995-02
Volume
7
Issue
2
Pages
97-108
ISSN
  • 0953-8194
  • 1365-2826
DOI
10.1111/j.1365-2826.1995.tb00672.x
Cited by
100
References
4
Language
en
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 4258 d)

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