Stress and depression among medical students: a cross-sectional study

Dahlin, Marie; Joneborg, Nils; Runeson, Bo

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02176.x

Cited by 1,226Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnoutStudent Stress and CopingInnovations in Medical Education

Stress and depression among medical students: a cross-sectional study

Dahlin, Marie, Joneborg, Nils, Runeson, Bo·2005·Medical Education

DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02176.x

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To assess the exposure to different stressors and the prevalence of depression among medical students at different levels of education, taking gender differences into account. DESIGN: Students were asked to complete a new stress inventory called the Higher Education Stress Inventory (HESI), the Major Depression Inventory (MDI), slightly modified, and questions on suicidal ideation developed by Meehan. SETTING: The study was carried out at the Karolinska Institute Medical University, Stockholm, Sweden. Matched controls from the general population were used. PARTICIPANTS: All registered students in Years 1, 3 and 6 were enrolled in the study (n = 342). The response rate was 90.4%. RESULTS: Year 1 students gave high ratings to the workload and lack of feedback stressors. Year 3 students gave high ratings to 'Worries about future endurance/competence' and 'Pedagogical shortcomings'. In Year 6, both the latter factors were rated highly, but Year 6 students also gave higher ratings than the 2 other groups to 'Non-supportive climate'. In all 3 cohorts students complained of lack of feedback. Female students gave higher ratings than males to 4 out of 7 factors. Several stress factors were identified as being associated with depression. The prevalence of depressive symptoms among students was 12.9%, significantly higher than in the general population, and was 16.1% among female students versus 8.1% among males. A total of 2.7% of students had made suicide attempts, but none during the previous year. CONCLUSION: Year 1 students indicated experiencing the highest degree of pressure from studies. A gender difference regarding stress levels was also seen, where women reported higher levels of stress than men. Medical students had higher depression rates than the general population, and women students had higher rates than men.

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Psychological distress is greater in medical students than in their age-matched peers.
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Authors: Dahlin, M., Joneborg, N., & Runeson, B.
Affiliations: Saint Göran Hospital (SE)
Corresponding author: Dahlin, Marie
ORCID: Dahlin, Marie
Runeson, Bo
Venue: Medical Education
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-05-17
Volume: 39
Issue: 6
Pages: 594-604
ISSN: 0308-0110 (ISSN-L)
1365-2923
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2929.2005.02176.x
OpenAlex: W2095424375
Cited by: 1,226
References: 24
Citations by year: 2026: 27 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 64 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 93 · 2021: 115 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 74 · 2018: 79 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 53 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 70 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 53
FWCI: 33.69
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Medical Education (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Student Stress and Coping
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
Keywords: medical students, stress, depression, depressive symptoms, stressors, workload, lack of feedback, gender differences, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, Major Depression Inventory
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depressive Disorder, Education, Medical, Undergraduate, Female, Humans, Male, Sex Factors, Stress, Psychological, Students, Medical

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