Prevalence of mental health problems among medical students in China: A meta-analysis
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Background: The prevalence of mental health problems in medical students has continuously increased and is higher than the prevalence of mental health problems in students with other majors, which could lead to undesirable consequences for the students and their future patients. In China, the current states of medical education and healthcare workplaces differ in certain areas from those in Western or other Asian countries. However, the mental health status of Chinese medical students has not been systematically analyzed. Objectives: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to summarize the prevalence of mental health problems in Chinese medical students. Methods: All cross-sectional studies that investigated the prevalence of any mental health problem among Chinese medical students were retrieved from the following databases: EMBASE, PubMed, PsycINFO, OVID, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. We accepted each individual trial's inclusion and exclusion criteria for participants. The National Institutes of Health Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies was adopted to appraise the methodological quality of each study. RevMan (version 5.3) was used to analyze the data. Results: Ten cross-sectional studies involving a total of 30,817 Chinese medical students were included. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, and eating disorders were 29%, 21%, 11%, and 2%, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no significant differences in the prevalence of depression and suicidal ideation between genders and no significant difference in the prevalence of depression between individuals of different ages (20 years and older or younger than 20 years). Conclusions and implications of key findings: Chinese medical students have relatively high prevalence of depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation but a low prevalence of eating disorders. Mental health problems in Chinese medical students should be taken seriously, and timely screening of and proper intervention in these mental health problems are highly recommended.
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A meta-analysis of 10 cross-sectional studies of over 30,000 Chinese medical students reported prevalence of depression at 29%, anxiety at 21%, suicidal ideation at 11%, and eating disorders at 2%.
“A meta-analysis of 10 cross-sectional studies, which together engaged over 30,000 Chinese medical students, reported the prevalence of depression at 29%, anxiety at 21%, suicidal ideation at 11%, and eating disorders at 2% [5].”
From Promoting the mental health of university students in China: Protocol for contextual assessment to inform intervention design and adaptation (2021) · cites this paper as [5]
In South Asia, particularly among college students, mental health remains under-researched, although existing studies reveal a comparable incidence of psychiatric symptoms.
“In contrast, the situation in South Asia, particularly among its college students, remains under-researched, although existing studies reveal a comparable incidence of psychiatric symptoms. 7”
From Mental Health, Suicidality, Health, and Social Indicators Among College Students Across Nine States in India (2025) · cites this paper as [7]
The Discussion (Summary of results; Comparison with other published reviews) reports prevalence estimates and a prior research gap for Chinese medical students. Searches for South Asia and comparable psychiatric-symptom rates found no passage addressing whether South Asian college students are under-researched or have comparable rates. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Zeng, W., Chen, R., Wang, X., Zhang, Q., & Deng, W.
- Affiliations
- Department of Graduate Medical Education
- Department of Neurosurgery
- Sichuan University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Deng, Wei
- Venue
- Medicine
- Published
- 2019-05
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- e15337
- ISSN
- 0025-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1536-5964
- PMC
- PMC6504335
- OpenAlex
- W2942994841
- Cited by
- 286
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 28 · 2025: 42 · 2024: 49 · 2023: 45 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 46 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 2
- FWCI
- 5.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Medicine (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Health and Family Planning Commission of Sichuan Province
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2012017yjsy200)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Healthcare professionals’ stress and burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Keywords
- mental illness, medical students, depression, anxiety, suicidal ideation, eating disorders, prevalence, Chinese medical students, gender differences, age differences, mental health screening
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Mental Disorders, China, Cross-Sectional Studies, Depression, Education, Medical, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Health, Students, Medical, Prevalence, Workplace, Young Adult, Suicidal Ideation
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