Cited by 252Essential Oils and Antimicrobial ActivityAcne and Rosacea Treatments and EffectsMedicinal Plant Research

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A review of applications of tea tree oil in dermatology

Pazyar, Nader, Yaghoobi, Reza, Bagherani, Nooshin, Kazerouni, Afshin·2013·International Journal of Dermatology

DOI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05654.x

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Abstract

Tea tree oil (TTO) is an essential oil, steam‐distilled from the Australian native plant, Melaleuca alternifolia. It has a minimum content of terpinen‐4‐ol and a maximum content of 1, 8‐cineole. Terpinen‐4‐ol is a major TTO component which exhibits strong antimicrobial and anti‐inflammatory properties. Tea tree oil exerts antioxidant activity and has been reported to have broad‐spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacterial, viral, fungal, and protozoal infections affecting skin and mucosa. Several studies have suggested the uses of TTO for the treatment of acne vulgaris, seborrheic dermatitis, and chronic gingivitis. It also accelerates the wound healing process and exhibits anti‐skin cancer activity. This review opens up new horizons for dermatologists in the use of this herbal agent.

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Bicontinuous microemulsions containing Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil as a therapeutic agent for cutaneous wound healing
de Assis, K. M. A., Leite, J. M. D. S., de Melo, D. F., Borges, J. C., Santana, L. M. B., dos Reis, M. M. L., Moreira, V. M., da Rocha, W. R. V., Catão, R. M. R., dos Santos, S. G., et al. (2020) · Drug Delivery and Translational Research · doi:10.1007/s13346-020-00850-0 · Cited by 27
Effects of Three-Layer Encapsulated Tea Tree Oil on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Capacity, and Intestinal Microbiota of Weaned Pigs
Wang, L., Zhang, Y., Liu, L., Huang, F., & Dong, B. (2021) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2021.789225 · Cited by 27
“Tea tree oil (TTO) is an essential oil steam-distilled from Melaleuca alternifolia (5).”
Background
Phytochemicals as Multi-Target Therapeutic Agents for Oxidative Stress-Driven Pathologies: Mechanisms, Synergies, and Clinical Prospects
Mubeen, B., Hasnain, A., Naqvi, S. A. H., Hakim, F., Naqvi, S. S. H., Hassan, M. Z., Iqbal, M. U., Moustafa, M., Alshaharni, M. O., & Duan, M. (2025) · Phyton · doi:10.32604/phyton.2025.064056 · Cited by 33
“Since several antioxidant phytochemicals were discovered to have anti-inflammatory activities, IBD was strongly connected with them [245].”
Mid-infrared spectroscopy for the rapid quantification of eucalyptus oil adulteration in Australian tea tree oil (Melaleuca alternifolia)
Johnson, J. B., Thani, P. R., Mani, J. S., Cozzolino, D., & Naiker, M. (2022) · Spectrochimica Acta Part A Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy · doi:10.1016/j.saa.2022.121766 · Cited by 24
Quality-by-Design Approach for the Development of Nano-Sized Tea Tree Oil Formulation-Impregnated Biocompatible Gel with Antimicrobial Properties
Muta, T., Parikh, A. R., Kathawala, K., Haidari, H., Song, Y., Thomas, J., & Garg, S. (2020) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics12111091 · Cited by 25
“Their degradation causes skin irritation, allergic reactions, odor, and color changes [2,8,9].”
Background
Essential Oils as Potential Source of Anti‐Dandruff Agents: A Review
Arora, P., Nainwal, L. M., & Jain, S. (2022) · Combinatorial Chemistry & High Throughput Screening · doi:10.2174/1386207324666210712094148 · Cited by 23
A comparative study on the effectiveness of herbal extracts vs 2.5% benzoyl peroxide in the treatment of mild to moderate acne vulgaris
Lubtikulthum, P., Kamanamool, N., & Udompataikul, M. (2019) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.12962 · Cited by 23
Cosmeceuticals in photoaging: A review.
Chan, L. K. W., Lee, K. W. A., Lee, C. H., Lam, K. W. P., Lee, K. F. V., Wu, R., Wan, J., Shivananjappa, S., Sky, W. T. H., Choi, H., et al. (2024) · Skin Research and Technology · doi:10.1111/srt.13730 · Cited by 23
Wart Immunotherapies: A Short Review
Sefcik, R., & Burkhart, C. G. (2017) · The Open Dermatology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874372201711010030 · Cited by 22
Effects of tea tree essential oil supplementation in low fish meal diet on growth, lipid metabolism, anti-oxidant capacity and immunity of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides)
Liu, X., Deng, H., Xu, Q., Luo, K., Jiang, Z., Gao, W., Wang, Z., Zhang, H., & Zhou, X. (2022) · Aquaculture Reports · doi:10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101380 · Cited by 22
Essential Oil with Anticancer Activity: An Overview
Angelini, P., Tirillini, B. B., Akhtar, M. S., Dimitriu, L., Bricchi, E., Bertuzzi, G., & Venanzoni, R. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-10-8064-7_9 · Cited by 22
Antiparasitic Activity of Tea Tree Oil (TTO) and Its Components against Medically Important Ectoparasites: A Systematic Review
Abrha, S., Tesfaye, W. H., Christenson, J. K., Carson, C. F., & Thomas, J. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14081587 · Cited by 20
Seeking new acne treatment from natural products, devices and synthetic drug discovery
Yang, J. H., Yoon, J. Y., Kwon, H. H., Min, S., Moon, J., & Suh, D. H. (2017) · Dermato-Endocrinology · doi:10.1080/19381980.2017.1356520 · Cited by 20
Tackling scabies: novel agents for a neglected disease
Gopinath, H., Aishwarya, M., & Karthikeyan, K. (2018) · International Journal of Dermatology · doi:10.1111/ijd.13999 · Cited by 21
Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil: Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Distribution from Topical Formulations with a Solvent-Free Analytical Method
Capetti, F., Sgorbini, B., Cagliero, C., et al. (2020) · Planta Medica · doi:10.1055/a-1115-4848 · Cited by 20
“TTO is widely used because of its recognized biological activities [5–7], in particular, as an ingredient in formulations to treat skin diseases, including acne, seborrheic dermatitis [8], scabies [9], and dandruff.”
Background
Tea tree oil nanoliposomes: optimization, characterization, and antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo
Bo, R., Zhan, Y., Wei, S., Xu, S., Huang, Y., Liu, M., & Li, J. (2022) · Poultry Science · doi:10.1016/j.psj.2022.102238 · Cited by 20
Oral Health of Patients Treated with Acrylic Partial Dentures Using a Toothpaste Containing Bee Product
Wiatrak, K., Morawiec, T., Rój, R., et al. (2017) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2017/4034179 · Cited by 20
Antimicrobial activity of some Essential oils and Extracts from Natural sources on Skin and Soft tissue infection causing microbes: An In-vitro Study
Subramanian, S., Shenoy, P. A., & Pai, V. (2021) · Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology · doi:10.52711/0974-360x.2021.00623 · Cited by 19
Cosmetic Formulations with Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil for the Improvement of Photoaged Skin: A Double‐Blind , Randomized, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Study
Infante, V. H. P., Campos, P. M. B. G. M., Darvin, M. E., Lohan, S. B., Schleusener, J., Schanzer, S., Lademann, J. M., & Meinke, M. C. (2022) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/php.13660 · Cited by 19
“Additionally, terpinen-4-ol modulates vasodilation and plasma extravasation (57).”
Background
Formulation and characterization of tea tree and jojoba oils nano-emulgel for in-vivo wound healing assessment
Mohamed, N. K., Metwally, A. A., Fared, S. M. Y., Farid, A., & Taha, M. (2024) · Colloids and Surfaces B Biointerfaces · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114312 · Cited by 19
Terpinen4-ol inhibits heat stress induced inflammation in colonic tissue by Activating Occludin, Claudin-2 and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway
Mohyuddin, S. G., Qamar, A., Hu, C., Li, Y., Chen, S., Wen, J., Bao, M., & Ju, X. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107727 · Cited by 18
Comparing the efficacy of Emu oil with clotrimazole and hydrocortisone in the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis: A clinical trial.
Attarzadeh, Y., Asilian, A., Shahmoradi, Z., & Adibi, N. (2013) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 18
Characterization and Efficacy of Essential Oil-Based Cosmetic Formulations for Acne-Prone Skin
Infante, V. H. P., Darvin, M. E., & Campos, P. M. B. G. M. (2023) · Cosmetics · doi:10.3390/cosmetics10060158 · Cited by 17
Recent advances in the application of tea tree oil in the storage of fruit and vegetables
Deng, X., Wei, Y., Jiang, S., et al. (2024) · Postharvest Biology and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2024.113260 · Cited by 16
GC-MS Chemical profile, Antioxidant Activity, and Sun Protection Factor of Essential Oil of Tea Tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) and Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.)
Malik, P., & Upadhyay, P. (2022) · Oriental Journal Of Chemistry · doi:10.13005/ojc/380524 · Cited by 18
Comparison of chitosan and SLN nano-delivery systems for antibacterial effect of tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia) oil against P. aeruginosa and S. aureus
Vase, H., Nemattalab, M., Rohani, M., et al. (2023) · Letters in Applied Microbiology · doi:10.1093/lambio/ovad130 · Cited by 16
Detection of eucalyptus oil adulteration in Australian tea tree oil using UV–Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy
Johnson, J. B., Thani, P. R., & Naiker, M. (2022) · Talanta Open · doi:10.1016/j.talo.2022.100169 · Cited by 15
Cosmetic Industry: Natural Secondary Metabolites for Beauty and Aging
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Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Tea Tree Oil (Melaleuca Oil) and Common Topical Antimicrobials against Bacteria Associated With Wound and Topical Infections
Singh, B. R., Prasanna Vadhana, A., Bhardwaj, M., et al. (2016) · Pharmaceutica Analytica Acta · doi:10.4172/2153-2435.1000513 · Cited by 15
“Discussion Tea Tree oil is seen as potential oil to replace the use of antibiotics for topical use [19] and shown to inhibit many different types of bacteria [1,5,10].”
Background
Micellar structural transitions and therapeutic properties in tea tree oil solubilized pluronic P123 solution
Ganguly, R., Kunwar, A., Kota, S., Kumar, S., & Aswal, V. K. (2017) · Colloids and Surfaces A Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects · doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2017.10.045 · Cited by 15
Topical Nano Clove/Thyme Gel against Genetically Identified Clinical Skin Isolates: In Vivo Targeting Behavioral Alteration and IGF-1/pFOXO-1/PPAR γ Cues
Nazeam, J. A., Ragab, G. M., El-Gazar, A. A., El-Mancy, S. S., Jamil, L., & Fayez, S. M. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26185608 · Cited by 15
Application of Gellan Gum Biopolymer in Biomedical Applications: A Review
Hishamuddin, N., Razali, M. H., & Mat Amin, K. A. (2022) · Makara Journal of Science · doi:10.7454/mss.v26i1.1271 · Cited by 13
“Tea tree oil also boosts wound healing through its antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities [54].”
Background
Analysis of biologically active oxyprenylated phenylpropanoids in Tea tree oil using selective solid-phase extraction with UHPLC-PDA detection
Scotti, L., Genovese, S., Bucciarelli, T., Martini, F., Epifano, F., Fiorito, S., Preziuso, F., & Taddeo, V. A. (2018) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2018.03.004 · Cited by 13
“These are represented y acne [1], scabias [2], impetigo [3], seborrheic dermatitis [4], nd several others [5].”
Background
Microsponge Based Gel of Tea Tree Oil for Dermatological Microbial Infections
Yadav, E., Rao, R., Kumar, S., et al. (2018) · The Natural Products Journal · doi:10.2174/2210315508666180605080426 · Cited by 12
The Effect of Successive Harvesting on The Volatile Constituents of Two Essential Oils of Cultivated Populations of Sea Fennel (Crithmum maritimum L.) in Greece
Zafeiropoulou, V., Tomou, E., Douros, A., et al. (2021) · Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants · doi:10.1080/0972060x.2021.1875054 · Cited by 12
Antimicrobial textiles from natural resources: types, properties and processing
Saha, J., & Mondal, M. I. H. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-821485-5.00016-0 · Cited by 12
A hydrogel sheet mask with tea tree essential oil entrapment and targeted dose delivery capability
Ghosh, B., Bhattacharya, D., & Mukhopadhyay, M. (2022) · Materials Today Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2022.01.349 · Cited by 13

Authors: Pazyar, N., Yaghoobi, R., Bagherani, N., & Kazerouni, A.
Affiliations: Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences (IR)
Corresponding author: Pazyar, Nader
ORCID: Pazyar, Nader
Yaghoobi, Reza
Bagherani, Nooshin
Venue: International Journal of Dermatology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2012-09-24
Volume: 52
Issue: 7
Pages: 784-790
ISSN: 0011-9059 (ISSN-L)
1365-4632
DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2012.05654.x
OpenAlex: W2016711385
Semantic Scholar: 8af9fc3638195427a56def3e97838ca793b73aea
Cited by: 252
References: 46
Citations by year: 2026: 14 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 37 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 4
FWCI: 0.96
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: International Journal of Dermatology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Essential Oils and Antimicrobial Activity
Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
Keywords: tea tree oil, Melaleuca alternifolia, terpinen-4-ol, 1,8-cineole, antimicrobial activity, anti-inflammatory activity, antioxidant activity, acne, seborrheic dermatitis, chronic gingivitis, wound healing, anticancer activity, herbal medicine, skin infections
MeSH terms: Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Humans, Skin Diseases, Tea Tree Oil

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A review of applications of tea tree oil in dermatology

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