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Cited by 832Animal Vocal Communication and BehaviorNeuroscience and Music PerceptionPhonetics and Phonology Research

The Role of Auditory Feedback in the Control of Vocalization in the White-Crowned Sparrow 1

Konishi, Masakazu·1965·Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie
DOI 10.1111/j.1439-0310.1965.tb01688.x
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Abstract

The song dialects of White-crowned Sparrows are maintained from generation to generation through learning of songs of the adult birds by the young. Songs are learned during a short critical time by young birds before they begin to sing. If the birds which have been exposed to a wild White-crowned Sparrow song during this critical period are deafened before they start singing, they cannot reproduce the heard song. Intact control birds produce a fair copy of the song. Regardless of whether birds have or have not learned a song during the critical period, they will develop similarly atypical songs if they are deafened before the onset of singing. Once birds have sung, the pattern of song can be maintained relatively unaltered after deafening. Although the final song patterns produced by the deaf birds were extremely abnormal, there was gradual progress toward the end forms during their development as in normal birds. However, the deaf birds failed to keep the fine structure of their songs stable. Individual differences in the general pattern of deaf birds' songs were maintained relatively unchanged at least throughout the study period. Induction of singing in the female White-crowned Sparrow by testosterone implantation revealed learning of song dialects by female individuals, which do not sing naturally in this species.

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  • Song learning has been conceptualized as a two-stage process: first acquiring a sensory template of the tutored song, then gradually learning to imitate it, with auditory feedback essential for imitation.

    “Song learning has been conceptualized as a two-stage process (660, 661): first, the bird acquires a sensory model (”

    From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [660]

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Authors
Konishi, M.
Affiliations
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author
Konishi, Masakazu
Venue
Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1965-01-12
Volume
22
Issue
7
Pages
770-783
ISSN
0044-3573 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1111/j.1439-0310.1965.tb01688.x
OpenAlex
W1931794205
Cited by
832
References
19
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 12
FWCI
6.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
Locations
  • Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology › Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Music Perception
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
Keywords
auditory feedback, vocal learning, song dialects, white-crowned sparrow, song development, deafening, critical period, vocal control
MeSH terms
Animals, Birds, Deafness, Feedback, Female, Hearing, Hearing Tests, Male, Memory, Sound, Testosterone

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