The DOI matches its Crossref record; 55 of the 55 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Regulation of miRNA expression during neural cell specification
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) are a newly recognized class of small, noncoding RNA molecules that participate in the developmental control of gene expression. We have studied the regulation of a set of highly expressed neural miRNA during mouse brain development. Temporal control is a characteristic of miRNA regulation in C. elegans and Drosophila, and is also prominent in the embryonic brain. We observed significant differences in the onset and magnitude of induction for individual miRNAs. Comparing expression in cultures of embryonic neurons and astrocytes we found marked lineage specificity for each of the miRNA in our study. Two of the most highly expressed miRNA in adult brain were preferentially expressed in neurons (mir-124, mir-128). In contrast, mir-23, a miRNA previously implicated in neural specification, was restricted to astrocytes. mir-26 and mir-29 were more strongly expressed in astrocytes than neurons, others were more evenly distributed (mir-9, mir-125). Lineage specificity was further explored using reporter constructs for two miRNA of particular interest (mir-125 and mir-128). miRNA-mediated suppression of both reporters was observed after transfection of the reporters into neurons but not astrocytes. miRNA were strongly induced during neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells, suggesting the validity of the stem cell model for studying miRNA regulation in neural development.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The decrease in miR-23 levels can lead to the accumulation of Hes1 during retinal acid-induced neural differentiation in NT2 cells, which in turn affects neural differentiation.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“miR-23 has the ability to affect neural differentiation.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“Hes1 is also directly targeted by miR-124, and the knockdown of miR-124 levels mediated by locked nucleic acids is similar to the effect of miR-23 inhibition.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“It indicates that the regulation of neural development by miR-23 is probably achieved through the combined action of other miRNAs.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“A basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional repressor, named Hes1, is an authentic target of miR-23.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“miR-23 is specifically expressed in astrocytes of the adult brain and is one of the miRNAs that are highly expressed in neurons during brain development.”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“The expression level of Hes1 increases, ultimately hindering neuronal differentiation of P19 cells induced by the retinoic acid [[129], [130], [131]].”
From Recent advances of miR-23 in human diseases and growth development (2025) · cites this paper as [129]
In the citing paper
“Notably, three miRNAs (miR-23, miR-26 and miR-29) that are found in oligodendrocyte lineage cells were previously described as enriched in astrocytes (Smirnova et al., 2005).”
From Identification of Dynamically Regulated MicroRNA and mRNA Networks in Developing Oligodendrocytes (2008) · cites this paper as Smirnova et al., 2005
In the citing paper
“miR-124 is known to be expressed in the CNS by neuronal cells23,39–41.”
From MicroRNA-124 promotes microglia quiescence and suppresses EAE by deactivating macrophages via the C/EBP-α–PU.1 pathway (2011) · cites this paper as [23]
In the citing paper
“Such expression in neurons of the adult brain is shared with mouse miR-124 [30].”
From MicroRNAs show a wide diversity of expression profiles in the developing and mature central nervous system (2007) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“This profile is one of the best conserved miRNA patterns, as a similar restriction to mature neurons is seen for mouse and fly miR-124 [12,30].”
From MicroRNAs show a wide diversity of expression profiles in the developing and mature central nervous system (2007) · cites this paper as [30]
In the citing paper
“miR-23 is involved in neuronal specification, and miR-146a implicated in the prevention of neuroligin 1-dependent synaptogenesis, and both were enriched in astrocytes compared to neurons [54, 67].”
From Differential RNA packaging into small extracellular vesicles by neurons and astrocytes (2021) · cites this paper as [67]
In the citing paper
“being prominently observed in differentiating neuronal cells29,31”
From MiR-128-3p – a gray eminence of the human central nervous system (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Citations
Cites
Bartel (2004) · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(04)00045-5 · Cited by 34,714
The C. elegans heterochronic gene lin-4 encodes small RNAs with antisense complementarity to lin-14
Lee, R. C., Feinbaum, R. L., & Ambros, V. (1993) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(93)90529-y · Cited by 12,948
The functions of animal microRNAs
Ambros, V. (2004) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature02871 · Cited by 10,728
MicroRNAs: small RNAs with a big role in gene regulation
He, L., & Hannon, G. J. (2004) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg1379 · Cited by 7,118
Prediction of Mammalian MicroRNA Targets
Lewis, B. P., Shih, I.-H., Jones-Rhoades, M. W., Bartel, D. P., & Burge, C. B. (2003) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(03)01018-3 · Cited by 5,199
Calin, G. A., Dumitru, C. D., Shimizu, M., Bichi, R., Zupo, S., Noch, E., Aldler, H., Rattan, S., Keating, M., Rai, K., et al. (2002) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.242606799 · Cited by 5,111
The 21-nucleotide let-7 RNA regulates developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans
Reinhart, B. J., Slack, F. J., Basson, M., Pasquinelli, A. E., Bettinger, J. C., Rougvie, A. E., Horvitz, H. R., & Ruvkun, G. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35002607 · Cited by 4,989
Human microRNA genes are frequently located at fragile sites and genomic regions involved in cancers
Calin, G. A., Sevignani, C., Dumitru, C. D., Hyslop, T., Noch, E., Yendamuri, S., Shimizu, M., Rattan, S., Bullrich, F., Negrini, M., et al. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0307323101 · Cited by 4,096
John, B., Enright, A. J., Aravin, A., Tuschl, T., Sander, C., & Marks, D. S. (2004) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020363 · Cited by 3,796
MicroRNA targets in Drosophila
Enright, A. J., John, B., Gaul, U., Tuschl, T., Sander, C., & Marks, D. S. (2003) · Genome Biology · doi:10.1186/gb-2003-5-1-r1 · Cited by 3,597
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Oncomirs—MicroRNAs with a role in cancer
Esquela-Kerscher, A., & Slack, F. J. (2006) · Nature Reviews Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1840 · Cited by 5,884
Makeyev, E. V., Zhang, J., Carrasco, M. A., & Maniatis, T. (2007) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2007.07.015 · Cited by 1,395
Hébert, S. S., Horré, K., Nicolaï, L., Papadopoulou, A. S., Mandemakers, W., Silahtaroglu, A. N., Kauppinen, S., Delacourte, A., & De Strooper, B. (2008) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0710263105 · Cited by 1,183
MicroRNAs in Development and Disease
Sayed, D. H., & Abdellatif, M. (2011) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00006.2010 · Cited by 1,101
miR-124 regulates adult neurogenesis in the subventricular zone stem cell niche
Cheng, L.-C., Pastrana, E., Tavazoie, M., & Doetsch, F. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2294 · Cited by 1,001
Metadata
- Authors
- Smirnova, L., Gräfe, A., Seiler, A., Schumacher, S., Nitsch, R., & Wulczyn, F. G.
- Affiliations
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin (DE)
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Wulczyn, F. Gregory
- Venue
- European Journal of Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1469-1477
- ISSN
- 0953-816X (ISSN-L)
- 1460-9568
- OpenAlex
- W2116641097
- Cited by
- 707
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 34 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 51 · 2014: 50 · 2013: 52 · 2012: 54
- FWCI
- 11.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OpenAgrar (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › MicroRNA in disease regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Developmental Neuroscience › Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Keywords
- microRNA, brain development, miRNA expression regulation, astrocytes, embryonic neurons, miR-124, miR-128, miR-125, miR-23, miR-26, miR-29, miR-9, embryonic stem cell differentiation, temporal gene expression
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Neurons, Stem Cells, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, MicroRNAs, Mice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
