The DOI matches its Crossref record; 76 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A comparison of direct vs. self‐report measures for assessing height, weight and body mass index: a systematic review
Abstract
Summary: Obesity is a rapidly increasing public health problem, with surveillance most often based on self‐reported values of height and weight. We conducted a systematic review to determine what empirical evidence exists regarding the agreement between objective (measured) and subjective (reported) measures in assessing height, weight and body mass index (BMI). Five electronic databases were searched to identify observational and experimental studies on adult populations over the age of 18. Searching identified 64 citations that met the eligibility criteria and examined the relationship between self‐reported and directly measured height or weight. Overall, the data show trends of under‐reporting for weight and BMI and over‐reporting for height, although the degree of the trend varies for men and women and the characteristics of the population being examined. Standard deviations were large indicating that there is a great deal of individual variability in reporting of results. Combining the results quantitatively was not possible because of the poor reporting of outcomes of interest. Accurate estimation of these variables is important as data from population studies such as those included in this review are often used to generate regional and national estimates of overweight and obesity and are in turn used by decision makers to allocate resources and set priorities in health.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“both the BRFSS and NHIS rely on self-reported height and weight, which underestimates obesity prevalence7”
From Prevalence of Obesity Among Adults From Rural and Urban Areas of the United States: Findings From NHANES (2005‐2008) (2012) · cites this paper as [7]
Citations
Cites
Assessing the quality of reports of randomized clinical trials: Is blinding necessary?
Jadad, A. R., Moore, R. A., Carroll, D., Jenkinson, C., Reynolds, D. J. M., Gavaghan, D. J., & McQuay, H. J. (1996) · Controlled Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/0197-2456(95)00134-4 · Cited by 17,582
Downs, S. H., & Black, N. (1998) · Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech.52.6.377 · Cited by 8,252
Evaluating non-randomised intervention studies
Deeks, J., Dinnes, J., D'Amico, R., Sowden, A., Sakarovitch, C., Song, F., Petticrew, M., & Altman, D. (2003) · Health Technology Assessment · doi:10.3310/hta7270 · Cited by 2,907
Dowdall, G. W., Singleton, R. A., Straits, B. C., Straits, M. N., & McAllister, R. J. (1989) · Teaching Sociology · doi:10.2307/1317936 · Cited by 2,821
Validity of self-reported height and weight in 4808 EPIC–Oxford participants
Spencer, E. A., Appleby, P. N., Davey, G. K., & Key, T. J. (2002) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1079/phn2001322 · Cited by 1,082
Self-reported weight and height
Rowland, M. (1990) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/52.6.1125 · Cited by 994
Effects of Age on Validity of Self-Reported Height, Weight, and Body Mass Index
KUCZMARSKI, M. F., KUCZMARSKI, R. J., & NAJJAR, M. (2001) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00008-6 · Cited by 965
The Economic Costs Associated With Physical Inactivity and Obesity in Canada: An Update
Katzmarzyk, P. T., & Janssen, I. (2004) · Canadian Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1139/h04-008 · Cited by 643
COMPARISON OF SELF-REPORTED AND MEASURED HEIGHT AND WEIGHT
Palta, M., Prineas, R. J., Berman, R., & Hannan, P. J. (1982) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113294 · Cited by 641
The accuracy of self-reported weights
Stunkard, A. J., & Albaum, J. (1981) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/34.8.1593 · Cited by 624
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- Tjepkema M, 2005, Measured Obesity. Adult Obesity in Canada: Measured Height and Weight. Nutrition: Findings from the Canadian Community Health Survey.
- Shields M, 2005, Measured Obesity. Overweight Canadian Children and Adolescents. Nutrition: Findings from the Canadian Community Health Survey.
- Adlaf EM, 1994, A Comparison of Telephone and Personal Interview Surveys for Estimating Alcohol and Other Drug Use
- St‐Pierre M, 2004, Mode effects in the Canadian Community Health Survey: A comparison of CAPI and CATI. Proceedings of the American Statistical Association Meeting: Survey Research Methods.
- 10.1002/(sici)1098-108x(199811)24:3<267::aid-eat4>3.0.co;2-k · DOI
- Kuskowska‐Wolk A, 1992, Relationship between questionnaire data and medical records of height, weight and body mass index, Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord, 16, 1
- 10.1002/1098-108x(200101)29:1<59::aid-eat9>3.0.co;2-# · DOI
- Quiles IJ, 1996, [Validity of notified anthropometric data for determining the prevalence of obesity]. [Spanish], Med Clinica, 106, 725
- Brunet MEI, 2003, Development and validation of the Screening Test for at Risk Individuals for Eating Disorders (STARVED), Dissertation Abstracts International Section A: Humanities and Social Sciences, 63, 2804
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 901–1,000 of 1,003
Liao, J., Jackson, T., & Chen, H. (2014) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2014.07.001 · Cited by 19
Li, C., Ford, E. S., Zhao, G., Tsai, J. H., Balluz, L. S., & Giles, W. H. (2012) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2011.11.005 · Cited by 19
Sullivan, S. M., Brashear, M. M., Broyles, S. T., & Rung, A. L. (2014) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.12.023 · Cited by 19
“Another limitation of this study is that over or under reporting of height and weight can lead to misclassification of obesity status (Connor Gorber et al., 2007).”
BackgroundSelf‐Reported vs Measured Body Mass Indices in Migraineurs
Katsnelson, M. J., Peterlin, B. L., Rosso, A. L., Alexander, G. M., & Erwin, K. L. (2009) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/j.1526-4610.2009.01400.x · Cited by 19
“weight in different subgroups, with their results varying depending on which subpopulation was being studied.(25-27) A meta-analysis by Gorber et al analyzed 64 studies evaluating self-reported vs measured anthropometric measures in various populations, including general populations, college students, athletes, milita…”
BackgroundResultThe Relations Between Driving Behavior, Physical Activity, and Weight Status Among Canadian Adults
Swanson, K. C., & McCormack, G. R. (2012) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.9.3.352 · Cited by 19
Can self-reported height and weight be relied upon?
Lois, K. B., Kumar, S., Williams, N. R., & Birrell, L. (2011) · Occupational Medicine · doi:10.1093/occmed/kqr140 · Cited by 19
Diagnostic performance of body mass index to identify adiposity in women
Gába, A., & Přidalová, M. (2015) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/ejcn.2015.211 · Cited by 20
Recommendations for cardiovascular disease research with lesbian, gay and bisexual adults
Caceres, B. A., Brody, A. A., & Chyun, D. A. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.13415 · Cited by 19
“The use of self-report of BMI may contribute to significant measurement error (Gorber et al. 2007, Griebeler et al. 2011, Magnusson et al. 2014).”
BackgroundInfluentialDreber, H., Reynisdottir, S., Angelin, B., Tynelius, P., Rasmussen, F. E., & Hemmingsson, E. (2017) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12170 · Cited by 20
“Self-reported data on weight and height may have underestimated BMI in controls (43).”
BackgroundHeight and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis
Song, X., Gong, X.-Z., Zhang, T., & Jiang, W. (2017) · European Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.1097/cej.0000000000000390 · Cited by 19
Rachele, J. N., Kavanagh, A. M., Brown, W. J., Healy, A. M., Schmid, C. J., & Turrell, G. (2017) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.09.017 · Cited by 19
“This underestimation appears to be higher as measured BMI increases; and it is also possible that error in the reporting of height and weight varies by gender, and socioeconomic groups (Gorber et al., 2007).”
BackgroundHajek, A., & König, H. (2018) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-018-1748-1 · Cited by 19
“Hence, the BMI might be biased downwards because individuals tend to underestimate weight and overestimate height [47].”
BackgroundEmerson, M. A., Golightly, Y. M., Tan, X. M., Aiello, A. E., Reeder-Hayes, K. E., Olshan, A. F., Earp, H. S., & Troester, M. A. (2020) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-019-01265-0 · Cited by 19
Prevalence and factors associated with obesity among the oldest old
Hajek, A., Brettschneider, C., van der Leeden, C., Lühmann, D., Oey, A., Wiese, B., Weyerer, S. B., Werle, J., Fuchs, Â., Pentzek, M., et al. (2020) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2020.104069 · Cited by 19
Damen, F. W. M., Luning, P. A., Pellegrini, N., Vitaglione, P., Hofstede, G. J., Fogliano, V., & Steenbekkers, B. L. P. A. (2020) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2020.103965 · Cited by 19
“However, since the mothers reported their weight themselves, it is possible that some of them have underestimated their weight, particularly those who are overweight as found in the review of Gorber, Tremblay, Moher, and Gorber (2007) and by Opichka and Smith (2018).”
BackgroundMuthuri, S. K., Wachira, L.-J. M., Onywera, V. O., & Tremblay, M. S. (2014) · Annals of Human Biology · doi:10.3109/03014460.2014.932847 · Cited by 18
“…using self-report methods (e.g. questionnaires, interviews) is commonly used to collect information on the types, frequency, intensity and duration of activities in various populations and ages of participants (Adamo et al., 2009; Dishman et al., 2001; Gorber et al., 2007; Kowalski et al., 2012).”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationLONGITUDINAL STUDIES OF HUMAN GROWTH AND HEALTH: A REVIEW OF RECENT HISTORICAL RESEARCH
Inwood, K. E., & Roberts, E. (2010) · Journal of Economic Surveys · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6419.2010.00643.x · Cited by 19
“Many, but not all, modern surveys rely on a self-reporting of body measurements that may involve some misrepresentation of height, weight, and by derivation BMI (Gorber et al., 2007).”
Hendriksen, M. A. H., Boer, J. M. A., Du, H., Feskens, E. J. M., & van der A, D. L. (2011) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.111.014795 · Cited by 19
“Moreover, it is generally known that people tend to underreport their weight, and the degree of underreporting is proportional to the degree of overweight (12, 24).”
BackgroundQin, B., Llanos, A. A. M., Lin, Y., Szamreta, E. A., Plascak, J. J., Oh, H., Pawlish, K. S., Ambrosone, C. B., Demissie, K., Hong, C., et al. (2018) · Journal of Cancer Survivorship · doi:10.1007/s11764-018-0685-9 · Cited by 19
“This finding may seem surprising as greater BMI is generally associated with more errors in self-reported weight [8], and 60% of African American breast cancer survivors in our study had obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) and 14% had severely obesity (BMI ≥ 40 kg/m(2)).”
BackgroundResultInfluentialHartmann-Boyce, J., Aveyard, P., Piernas, C., Koshiaris, C., Velardo, C., Salvi, D., & Jebb, S. A. (2018) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0202072 · Cited by 19
Phuong, D., & Zheng, C. (2017) · Health & Place · doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2017.05.010 · Cited by 18
Wagaw, F., Okoro, C. A., Kim, S. K., Park, J., & Rachman, F. D. (2018) · Preventing Chronic Disease · doi:10.5888/pcd15.170085 · Cited by 18
Seeking confirmation? Biased information search and deliberation in the food domain
Dickinson, D. L., & Kakoschke, N. (2021) · Food Quality and Preference · doi:10.1016/j.foodqual.2021.104189 · Cited by 18
Zelenytė, V., Valius, L., Domeikienė, A., Gudaitytė, R., Endzinas, Ž., Šumskas, L., & Maleckas, A. (2021) · BMC Family Practice · doi:10.1186/s12875-021-01383-2 · Cited by 18
“Third, we used self-reported weight and height to estimate BMI of the patients, and this approach is subject to the bias [35].”
MethodA prediction model for childhood obesity in New Zealand
Butler, É. M., Pillai, A., Morton, S., Seers, B. M., Walker, C. G., Ly, K. N., Tautolo, E., Glover, M., Taylor, R. W., Cutfield, W. S., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85557-z · Cited by 18
The relationship between obesity and suicide ideation among young adults in the United States
Graham, C., & Frisco, M. L. (2022) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101106 · Cited by 18
“Both men and women overestimate their height and underestimate their weight (Gorber et al., 2007; Merrill & Richardson, 2009) and discrepancies between self-reported and measured height and weight can lead to misclassifications of obese individuals (Stommel & Schoenborn, 2009).”
BackgroundLetarte, L., Samadoulougou, S., McKay, R., Quesnel‐Vallée, A., Waygood, E. O. D., & Lebel, A. (2022) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115049 · Cited by 18
Mok, L., Nanda, S., & Anderson, A. (2023) · Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1145/3610100 · Cited by 22
“There are many tasks at which algorithms have objectively better performance than humans, who have numerous cognitive biases [46] and difficulties recalling simple quantities [42, 73].”
BackgroundEarly Adult Obesity and U.S. Women's Lifetime Childbearing Experiences
Frisco, M. L., & Weden, M. M. (2013) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12049 · Cited by 18
Polivy, J., Herman, C. P., Trottier, K., & Sidhu, R. (2013) · Health Psychology Review · doi:10.1080/17437199.2013.775630 · Cited by 18
The effect of maternal Class III obesity on neonatal outcomes: a retrospective matched cohort study
Gaudet, L., Tu, X., Fell, D. B., El‐Chaâr, D., Wen, S. W., & WALKER, M. C. (2012) · The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine · doi:10.3109/14767058.2012.688080 · Cited by 18
Characterization of adult obesity in Florida using the OneFlorida clinical research consortium
Filipp, S. L., Cardel, M. I., Hall, J., Essner, R. Z., Lemas, D. J., Janicke, D. M., Smith, S. R., Nadglowski, J. F., Donahoo, W. T., Cooper‐DeHoff, R. M., et al. (2018) · Obesity Science & Practice · doi:10.1002/osp4.274 · Cited by 17
“Specifically, weight tends to be underreported and height tends to be over-reported (13).”
BackgroundSolmi, F., & Stephen Morris, A. (2018) · BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth · doi:10.1186/s12884-018-1893-z · Cited by 18
“There is evidence that adults tend to overestimate their height and underestimate their weight [26], which, in our study could lead to a proportion of overweight and obese mothers to be misclassified as normal weight and overweight, respectively.”
BackgroundInvestigating the relationship between parental weight stigma and feeding practices.
Gold, J., & Weg, M. V. V. (2020) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2020.104635 · Cited by 17
Ralph‐Nearman, C., Yeh, H., Khalsa, S. S., Feusner, J. D., & Filik, R. (2020) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113358 · Cited by 18
Hajek, A., & König, H. (2020) · Aging & Mental Health · doi:10.1080/13607863.2020.1822285 · Cited by 18
Guariglia, A., Monahan, M., Pickering, K., & Roberts, T. E. (2021) · Social Science & Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113665 · Cited by 19
Accuracy of self‐reported anthropometric measures in older A ustralian adults
Pasalich, M., Lee, A. H., Burke, L., Jancey, J. M., & Howat, P. A. (2013) · Australian Journal on Ageing · doi:10.1111/ajag.12035 · Cited by 18
“A review of 64 observational studies which compared direct and self-report anthropometric measures found a general tendency towards underestimating weight and BMI, and overestimating height [9].”
BackgroundYoon, K., Jang, S., Chun, H., & Cho, S. (2014) · Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics · doi:10.1016/j.archger.2014.08.008 · Cited by 17
Brady, C. F. (2016) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci5010012 · Cited by 18
Weight Change during Incarceration: Groundwork for a Collaborative Health Intervention
Baldwin, N., Clarke, J. G., & Roberts, M. B. (2016) · Journal of Health Care for the Poor and Underserved · doi:10.1353/hpu.2016.0144 · Cited by 18
Steeper change in body mass across four decades predicts poorer cardiometabolic outcomes at midlife
Xian, H., Vasilopoulos, T., Liu, W., Hauger, R. L., Jacobson, K. C., Lyons, M. J., Panizzon, M. S., Reynolds, C. A., Vuoksimaa, E., Kremen, W. S., et al. (2017) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21791 · Cited by 18
“A limitation of our study is that height and weight were selfreported at age 40, which may influence growth curves (21,22).”
BackgroundPre-to-post diagnosis weight trajectories in colorectal cancer patients with non-metastatic disease
van Zutphen, M., Geelen, A., Boshuizen, H. C., Winkels, R. M., Geijsen, A. J. M. R., Wesselink, E., Snellen, M., Kok, D. E. G., de Wilt, J. H. W., van de Meeberg, P. C., et al. (2018) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-018-4560-z · Cited by 18
Patient perception of obesity versus physician documentation of obesity: A quality improvement study
Mawardi, G., Kirkland, E. B., Zhang, J., Blankinship, D., Heincelman, M. E., Schreiner, A. D., Moran, W. P., & Schumann, S. O. (2019) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12303 · Cited by 18
“Differences between any EHR physician documentation met statistical significance at all stratifications of BMI.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Role of the Researcher in Making Serious Games for Health
Kato, P. M. (2012) · Advances in healthcare information systems and administration book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-1903-6.ch010 · Cited by 18
Svensson, V., Ek, A. E., Forssén, M., Ekbom, K., Cao, Y., Ebrahim, M., Johansson, E. K., Nero, H., Hagströmer, M., Ekstedt, M., et al. (2014) · Acta Paediatrica · doi:10.1111/apa.12551 · Cited by 17
“Anthropometric measurements of both parents and children strengthen the results by removing reporting biases (30).”
BackgroundStrong, D. R., Myers, M. G., Linke, S., Leas, E. C., Hofstetter, R., Edland, S. E., & Al‐Delaimy, W. K. (2015) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2015.05.003 · Cited by 17
Weighing the Association Between BMI Change and Suicide Mortality
Hecht, L. M., Yeh, H.-H. H., Braciszewski, J. M., Miller-Matero, L. R., Thakrar, A., Patel, S. R., Simon, G. E., Lynch, F. L., Beck, A. L., Owen‐Smith, A. A., et al. (2021) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.202000475 · Cited by 17
Impact of visceral fat on the prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019: an observational cohort study
Ogata, H., Mori, M., Jingushi, Y., Matsuzaki, H., Katahira, K., Ishimatsu, A., Enokizu‐Ogawa, A., Taguchi, K., Moriwaki, A., & Yoshida, M. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06958-z · Cited by 17
“8 kg/m2 lower than that based on measured height and weight [36].”
BackgroundSiddiqui, N. Z., Beulens, J. W. J., van der Vliet, N., den Braver, N. R., Elders, P. J. M., & Rutters, F. (2022) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/s41366-022-01179-z · Cited by 18
“Additionally, the objective measurements of BMI and waist circumference are considered to be more reliable than self-report methods, with which participants are often more likely to underreport their weight and BMI [58].”
MethodBeynon, C. (2023) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-023-15293-8 · Cited by 18
“Further strengths of the study were that the height and mass of each child was measured by a trained interviewer rather than relying on self-report which improves the accuracy of the BMI data [65].”
MethodKann, S., Schmid, S. M., Eichholzer, M., Huang, D. J., Amann, E., & Güth, U. (2014) · PubMed Central · doi:10.5167/uzh-103207 · Cited by 17
Magnusson, K., Østerås, N., Mowinckel, P., Natvig, B., & Hagen, K. B. (2013) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00338.x · Cited by 18
“For instance, weight is frequently being under-reported (Connor et al., 2007).”
BackgroundMartins, P. C., de Carvalho, M. B., & Machado, C. J. (2015) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-5497201500010011 · Cited by 17
The benefits of laparoscopic appendectomies in obese patients
Tan-Tam, C., Yorke, E., Wasdell, M. B., Barcan, C., Konkin, D. E., & Blair, P. S. (2012) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amjsurg.2012.01.007 · Cited by 17
Marques-Vidal, P. M., Ravasco, P., & Paccaud, F. M. (2012) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-12-588 · Cited by 17
“Still, a recent study comparing self-reported and measured data suggested that the magnitude of the BMI underestimation bias decreases with time [28].”
ResultImmigrants’ acculturation and changes in Body Mass Index
Iversen, T., Ma, C.-T. A., & Meyer, H. E. (2012) · Economics & Human Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ehb.2012.02.003 · Cited by 17
Lindkvist, M., Ivarsson, A., Silfverdal, S., & Eurenius, E. (2015) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2602-8 · Cited by 17
“A weakness in the data collection was that parental weight and height were self-reported, and a certain underestimation of weight can be expected [42].”
BackgroundState-level estimates of childhood obesity prevalence in the United States corrected for report bias
Long, M. W., Ward, Z. J., Resch, S., Cradock, A. L. I., Wang, Y. C., Giles, C. M., & Gortmaker, S. L. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.130 · Cited by 19
Cole, A., Keppel, G. A., Andrilla, H. A., Cox, C. M., & Baldwin, L. (2016) · The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine · doi:10.3122/jabfm.2016.05.160039 · Cited by 17
“Adults younger than 30, especially women, may be more likely to underestimate BMI by overestimating height and underestimating weight.(44) No information was recorded about nonrespondents, and it is possible that clinic staff were more likely to offer the survey to patients they thought would be interested in weight l…”
BackgroundChanges in Obesity Odds Ratio among Iranian Adults, since 2000: Quadratic Inference Functions Method
Bakhshi, E., Etemad, K., Seifi, B., Mohammad, K., Biglarian, A., & Koohpayehzadeh, J. (2016) · Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine · doi:10.1155/2016/7101343 · Cited by 17
“Because people tend to underestimate their weight and overestimate their height [45], height and weight were actually measured rather than self-reported.”
BackgroundDirect health care costs associated with obesity in Chinese population in 2011
Shi, J., Wang, Y., Cheng, W., Shao, H., & Shi, L. (2016) · Journal of Diabetes and its Complications · doi:10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.11.007 · Cited by 17
Fernández‐Rhodes, L., Robinson, W. R., Sotres‐Alvarez, D., Franceschini, N., Castañeda, S. F., Buelna, C., Moncrieft, A. E., Llabre, M. M., Daviglus, M. L., Qi, Q., et al. (2017) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0000000000000728 · Cited by 17
Maternal prepregnancy BMI or weight and offspring's blood pressure: Systematic review
Ludwig‐Walz, H., Schmidt, M., Günther, A. L. B., & Kroke, A. (2017) · Maternal and Child Nutrition · doi:10.1111/mcn.12561 · Cited by 16
McFadden, C., & Li, Q. (2019) · American Journal of Health Education · doi:10.1080/19325037.2019.1571960 · Cited by 17
“misreporting height, weight, and level of exercise performed per week.(34) Another limitation to this study was the comprehensive data collection instrument.”
BackgroundVillarini, M., Acito, M., Gianfredi, V., Berrino, F., Gargano, G., Somaini, M., Nucci, D., Moretti, M., & Villarini, A. (2019) · Clinical Breast Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.clbc.2019.04.008 · Cited by 17
Borgo, M. V., Pimentel, E. B., Baldo, M. P., de Souza, J. B., Malta, D. C., & Mill, J. G. (2019) · Revista Brasileira de Epidemiologia · doi:10.1590/1980-549720190015 · Cited by 17
Barriers to Weight Management Among Overweight and Obese Firefighters
Muegge, C. M., Zollinger, T. W., Song, Y., Wessel, J., Monahan, P. O., & Moffatt, S. M. (2019) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0000000000001751 · Cited by 18
“Selfreported data such as height and weight as well as health-related behaviors are known to be less reliable than clinical measures and may be subject to intentional or unintentional errors.(59) Another limitation is that perception of weight status, a potentially important predictor, was not included in the models.”
BackgroundLawrence, W. R., Hosler, A. S., Gates, M. A., Leinung, M. C., Zhang, X., Schymura, M. J., & Boscoe, F. P. (2020) · Cancer Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.canep.2020.101710 · Cited by 19
Paulitsch, R. G., & Dumith, S. C. (2021) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101313 · Cited by 18
Keramat, S. A., Alam, K., Sathi, N. J., Gow, J., Biddle, S., & Al‐Hanawi, M. K. (2021) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100765 · Cited by 16
Accuracy of self-reported height, weight and BMI in a multiethnic Asian population
Roystonn, K., Abdin, E., Sambasivam, R., Zhang, Y., Chang, S. S. H., Shafie, S., Chua, B. Y., Vaingankar, J. A., Chong, S. A., & Subramaniam, M. (2021) · Annals of the Academy of Medicine Singapore · doi:10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2020183 · Cited by 19
Scholes, S., Fat, L. N., Moody, A., & Mindell, J. S. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061809 · Cited by 17
Maupin, J., & Hruschka, D. J. (2014) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-973 · Cited by 17
“Participants were asked which figure, out of nine gender-specific body images increasing in size from skinny [1] to obese [9], most accurately reflects their current body size.”
BackgroundInfluentialBraun, J. (2009) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2009.12863 · Cited by 17
Spahlholz, J., Pabst, A., Riedel-Heller, S. G., & Luck‐Sikorski, C. (2016) · International Journal of Obesity · doi:10.1038/ijo.2016.164 · Cited by 17
Garrido‐Miguel, M., Cavero‐Redondo, I., Álvarez‐Bueno, C., Rodríguez‐Artalejo, F., Aznar, L. M., Ruiz, J. R., & Martínez‐Vizcaíno, V. (2017) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-018241 · Cited by 17
Salmela, J., Mauramo, E., Lallukka, T. M., Rahkonen, O., & Kanerva, N. (2019) · Obesity Facts · doi:10.1159/000502237 · Cited by 17
Weight status and depression: Moderating role of fat talk between female friends
Tan, C. C., & Chow, C. M. (2013) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105313488982 · Cited by 17
“Self-reported weight may bias the calculation of BMI as females tend to under-report on their weight (Gorber et al., 2007).”
BackgroundLegleye, S., Beck, F., Spilka, S., & Chau, N. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0096768 · Cited by 17
“In adult populations, under-reporting for weight and BMI and over-reporting for height is common, although the extent of under-reporting varies between men and women [9].”
BackgroundSilva, J. P., & Akleh, A. Z. (2018) · Cogent Social Sciences · doi:10.1080/23311886.2018.1502907 · Cited by 17
Low Calf Circumference Predicts Nutritional Risks in Hospitalized Patients Aged More Than 80 Years.
Zhang, X. Y., Zhang, X. L., Zhu, Y. X., Tao, J., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Y., Wang, Y. Y., Ke, Y., Ren, C. X., Xu, J., et al. (2019) · PubMed · doi:10.3967/bes2019.075 · Cited by 16
Najar, H., Joas, E., Jonsson, V., Pålsson, E., & Landén, M. (2023) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.20230012 · Cited by 18
Jiang, Y., Marshall, R. J., Walpole, S. C., Prieto‐Merino, D., Liu, D., & Perry, J. K. (2015) · Cancer Causes & Control · doi:10.1007/s10552-014-0520-1 · Cited by 16
“Self-reported height is known to be affected by systematic reporting bias that tends to be overestimated [49, 50].”
BackgroundA Rigorous Algorithm To Detect And Clean Inaccurate Adult Height Records Within EHR Systems
Muthalagu, A., Aufox, S. A., Peissig, P. L., Fuehrer, J. T., Tromp, G., Kho, A. N., Rasmussen‐Torvik, L. J., & Pacheco, J. A. (2014) · Applied Clinical Informatics · doi:10.4338/aci-2013-09-ra-0074 · Cited by 16
“Self-reported height can be inaccurate, usually over reported rather than underreported [13-15].”
BackgroundValidity of Internet-Based Longitudinal Study Data: The Elephant in the Virtual Room
Pugh, C., SUMMERS, K. M., Bronsvoort, M., Handel, I. G., & Clements, D. N. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.3530 · Cited by 16
“By contrast, it was anticipated that owners might have difficulty weighing a relatively large breed dog and that reported dog weights might suffer from underestimation similar to those found in human studies [15,16] .”
Linardakis, M. K., Papadaki, A., Smpokos, E. A., Komninos, Y., & Philalithis, A. E. (2013) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1007/s10389-013-0597-0 · Cited by 16
“Second, self-reported body weight and height were used to calculate BMI, which might have resulted in overweight/ obesity estimates that are different to those produced by objective measurements (Gorber et al. 2007).”
MethodMcCarty, C. A., Berg, R. L., Rottscheit, C., Waudby, C. J., Kitchner, T., Brilliant, M. H., & Ritchie, M. D. (2014) · BMC Medical Genomics · doi:10.1186/1755-8794-7-3 · Cited by 16
“A systematic review of studies comparing self-reported and measured height and weight found a trend of under-reporting of weight and over-reporting of height which was inconsistent [10], and which would explain the lower mean weight observed in the PhenX questionnaire when compared with the direct measurement at enrol…”
ResultSperrin, M., Rushton, H., Dixon, W. G., Normand, A., Villard, J., Chieh, A. Y., & Buchan, I. E. (2016) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4767 · Cited by 16
“Generally, self-measured height is overestimated and weight is underestimated [11-13]; however, the extent of this is minor and use of self-reported height and weight is considered valid [14-16].”
Potato Consumption and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Norwegian Women and Cancer Cohort
Åsli, L. A., Olsen, A., Braaten, T., Lund, E., & Skeie, G. (2017) · Nutrition and Cancer · doi:10.1080/01635581.2017.1295086 · Cited by 16
“ticipants to overestimate height and underestimate weight (50).”
BackgroundEmotional expression and eating in overweight and obesity
Fox, S., Conneely, S., & Egan, J. (2017) · Health Psychology and Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1080/21642850.2017.1378580 · Cited by 21
“A major methodological weakness of previous studies was the use of self-report for height and weight (Gorber et al., 2007).”
Warschburger, P., Gmeiner, M., Morawietz, M., & Rinck, M. (2017) · Public Health Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s1368980017002701 · Cited by 14
“Fourth, anthropometric data were objectively assessed, avoiding the problem of invalid self-report data in this sensitive field((40)).”
BackgroundShabat-Simon, M., Shuster, A., Sela, T., & Levy, D. J. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00750 · Cited by 15
Brand, T., Samkange‐Zeeb, F., Dragano, N., Keil, T. O. P., Krist, L., Yesil, R., Schlaud, M., Jöckel, K., Razum, O., Reiß, K., et al. (2018) · Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health · doi:10.1007/s10903-018-0788-4 · Cited by 16
Secondary data analysis to answer questions in human biology
Rosinger, A. Y., & Ice, G. H. (2019) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23232 · Cited by 18
Adult weight management patients' perceptions of family dynamics and weight status
Pratt, K. J., Ferriby, M., Brown, C. L., Noria, S. F., NEEDLEMAN, B. J., & Skelton, J. A. (2019) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12326 · Cited by 18
A Cumulative Impact of Psychological and Sensitization Risk Factors on Pain‐Related Outcomes
Uddin, Z., Woznowski‐Vu, A., Flegg, D., Aternali, A., & Wideman, T. H. (2020) · Pain Practice · doi:10.1111/papr.12987 · Cited by 14
Examining Weight Bias and Loss-of-Control Eating among Individuals Seeking Bariatric Surgery
Lawson, J. L., Schuh, L. M., Creel, D. B., Blackinton, R. M., Giambrone, S. A., Grilo, C. M., & Ivezaj, V. (2021) · Obesity Surgery · doi:10.1007/s11695-021-05418-6 · Cited by 18
“The study was also limited by selfreported height and weight, which might have resulted in an underestimation [55], although other research has demonstrated that individuals seeking bariatric surgery are generally Table 2 Means and standard deviations of weight bias and clinical variables and examination of group diff…”
ResultThe Epidemiology of Childhood Obesity in Canada, Mexico and the United States
Ogden, C. L., Gorber, S. C., Dommarco, J. Á. R., Carroll, M. D., Shields, M. E., & Flegal, K. M. (2010) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-6039-9_5 · Cited by 16
Self-citationOverweight and Obesity among adults in Serbia: Results from the National Health Survey
Grujic, V., Dragnic, N. R., Radić, I., Harhaji, S., & Šušnjević, S. (2010) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/bf03325278 · Cited by 16
Metadata
- Authors
- Gorber, S. C., Tremblay, M., Moher, D., & Gorber, B.
- Affiliations
- Statistics Canada (CA)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Gorber, S. Connor
- Venue
- Obesity Reviews
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2007-01-26
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 307-326
- ISSN
- 1467-7881 (ISSN-L)
- 1467-789X
- OpenAlex
- W2011137594
- Cited by
- 1,945
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 58 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 69 · 2022: 77 · 2021: 98 · 2020: 104 · 2019: 113 · 2018: 114 · 2017: 127 · 2016: 142 · 2015: 135 · 2014: 145 · 2013: 172 · 2012: 127
- FWCI
- 11.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Obesity Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Reliability and Agreement in Measurement
- Keywords
- self-reported height, self-reported weight, body mass index, obesity surveillance, measurement agreement, adults
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Body Height, Body Weight, Body Weights and Measures, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Self Disclosure, Reproducibility of Results, Body Mass Index, Sex Distribution
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
