Cited by 1,165Decision-Making and Behavioral EconomicsNeural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesFinancial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Discounting of Delayed Rewards: A Life-Span Comparison

Green, Leonard, Fry, Astrid F, Myerson, Joel·1994·Psychological Science

DOI 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

In this study, children, young adults, and older adults chose between immediate and delayed hypothetical monetary rewards The amount of the delayed reward was held constant while its delay was varied All three age groups showed delay discounting, that is, the amount of an immediate reward judged to be of equal value to the delayed reward decreased as a function of delay The rate of discounting was highest for children and lowest for older adults, predicting a life-span developmental trend toward increased self-control Discounting of delayed rewards by all three age groups was well described by a single function with age-sensitive parameters (all R 2 s > 94) Thus, even though there are quantitative age differences in delay discounting, the existence of an age-invariant form of discount function suggests that the process of choosing between rewards of different amounts and delays is qualitatively similar across the life span

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Delay of gratification in children.
Mischel, W., Shoda, Y., & Rodriguez, M. L. (1989) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.2658056 · Cited by 3,397
Some empirical evidence on dynamic inconsistency
Thaler, R. H. (1981) · Economics Letters · doi:10.1016/0165-1765(81)90067-7 · Cited by 2,282
An adjusting procedure for studying delayed reinforcement.
Commons, M. L., Mazur, J., Nevin, J. A., & Rachlin, H. C. (1987) · doi:10.4324/9781315825502-11 · Cited by 1,842
SUBJECTIVE PROBABILITY AND DELAY
Rachlin, H., Raineri, A., & Cross, D. (1991) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1991.55-233 · Cited by 1,341
COMMITMENT, CHOICE AND SELF‐CONTROL1
Rachlin, H., & Green, L. (1972) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1972.17-15 · Cited by 1,204
Self-citation
Discount rates inferred from decisions: an experimental study
Benzion, U., Israel, H., Rapoport, A., & Yagil, J. (1987) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.35.3.270 · Cited by 967
Research on self-control: An integrating framework
Logue, A. W. (1988) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x00053978 · Cited by 792
IMPULSE CONTROL IN PIGEONS1
Ainslie, G. W. (1974) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1974.21-485 · Cited by 780
Research in experimental economics
(2013) · doi:10.1108/s0193-2306(2013)0000016009 · Cited by 424
Preference reversal and self control: choice as a function of reward amount and delay
Green, L., Fisher, E. B., Perlow, S., & Sherman, L. (1981) · Cited by 335
Self-citation

Show all 19 references

Research works printed but not linked: 3

Green L Fisher E.B., 1981, Behaviour Analysis Letters, 1, 43
Mazur J.E., 1987, Quantitative analyses of behavior Vol 5 The effect of delay and of in tervening events on reinforcement value, 55
Rachlin H., 1989, Judgment decision and choice

Sorted by citations

Items 201–300 of 998

Discounting of hypothetical and potentially real outcomes in nicotine-dependent and nondependent samples.
Lawyer, S. R., Schoepflin, F. J., Green, R. J., & Jenks, C. W. (2011) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0024141 · Cited by 92
Good things come to those who wait: Attenuated discounting of delayed rewards in aged Fischer 344 rats
Simon, N. W., LaSarge, C. L., Montgomery, K. S., Williams, M. T., Mendez, I. A., Setlow, B., & Bizon, J. L. (2008) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2008.06.004 · Cited by 92
Four teleological theories of addiction
Rachlin, H. C. (1997) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03214335 · Cited by 92
Age and sex differences in impulsive action in rats: the role of dopamine and glutamate
Burton, C. L., & Fletcher, P. J. (2012) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.046 · Cited by 87
Relation Between Time Perspective and Delay Discounting: A Literature Review
Teuscher, U., & Mitchell, S. H. (2011) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/bf03395780 · Cited by 91
Conditional cash transfers and uptake of and retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care: a randomised controlled trial
Yotebieng, M., Thirumurthy, H., Moracco, K. E., Kawende, B., Chalachala, J. L., Wenzi, L. K., Ravelomanana, N. L. R., Edmonds, A., Thompson, D., Okitolonda, E. W., et al. (2016) · The Lancet HIV · doi:10.1016/s2352-3018(15)00247-7 · Cited by 92
Discounting of past outcomes.
Yi, R., Gatchalian, K. M., & Bickel, W. K. (2006) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/1064-1297.14.3.311 · Cited by 97
Individual Laboratory-Measured Discount Rates Predict Field Behavior
Chabris, C. F., Laibson, D., Morris, C. L., Schuldt, J. P., & Taubinsky, D. (2008) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w14270 · Cited by 94
Delay and Probability Discounting of Sexual and Monetary Outcomes in Individuals with Cocaine Use Disorders and Matched Controls
Johnson, M. W., Johnson, P. S., Herrmann, E. S., & Sweeney, M. M. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128641 · Cited by 92
The development of personality across the lifespan
Donnellan, M. B., & Robins, R. W. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.015 · Cited by 89
TOKEN REINFORCEMENT, CHOICE, AND SELF‐CONTROL IN PIGEONS
Jackson, K., & Hackenberg, T. D. (1996) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1996.66-29 · Cited by 89
Stronger Working Memory Reduces Sexual Risk Taking in Adolescents, Even After Controlling for Parental Influences
Khurana, A., Römer, D., Betancourt, L. M., Brodsky, N. L., Giannetta, J. M., & Hurt, H. (2015) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12383 · Cited by 87
THE MATCHING LAW AND AMOUNT‐DEPENDENT EXPONENTIAL DISCOUNTING AS ACCOUNTS OF SELF‐CONTROL CHOICE
Grace, R. C. (1999) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1999.71-27 · Cited by 88
Physical and cognitive effort discounting across different reward magnitudes: Tests of discounting models
Białaszek, W., Marcowski, P., & Ostaszewski, P. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0182353 · Cited by 90
Delay of Gratification, Delay Discounting and their Associations with Age, Episodic Future Thinking, and Future Time Perspective
Goellner, L., Ballhausen, N., Kliegel, M., & Forstmeier, S. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02304 · Cited by 88
A Meta-Analytic Review of Sex Differences on Delay of Gratification and Temporal Discounting Tasks in ADHD and Typically Developing Samples
Doidge, J., Flora, D. B., & Toplak, M. E. (2018) · Journal of Attention Disorders · doi:10.1177/1087054718815588 · Cited by 94
Temperament and brain networks of attention
Posner, M. I., & Rothbart, M. K. (2018) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2017.0254 · Cited by 95
Effect of farmland scale on agricultural green production technology adoption: Evidence from rice farmers in Jiangsu Province, China
Xu, D., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Liu, S., & Liu, G. (2024) · Land Use Policy · doi:10.1016/j.landusepol.2024.107381 · Cited by 86
Who pays your debt? An important question for understanding compulsive buying among American college students
Brougham, R. R., Jacobs‐Lawson, J. M., Hershey, D. A., & Trujillo, K. M. (2010) · International Journal of Consumer Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1470-6431.2010.00923.x · Cited by 86
The Experiential Discounting Task is sensitive to cigarette-smoking status and correlates with a measure of delay discounting
Reynolds, B. A. (2006) · Behavioural Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/01.fbp.0000190684.77360.c0 · Cited by 84
Development of Behavioral Control and Associated vmPFC–DLPFC Connectivity Explains Children's Increased Resistance to Temptation in Intertemporal Choice
Steinbeis, N., Haushofer, J., Fehr, E., & Singer, T. (2014) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhu167 · Cited by 90
Discounting of money, health, and freedom in substance abusers and controls
Petry, N. M. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00090-5 · Cited by 87
Temporal Discounting of Hypothetical Monetary Rewards by Adolescents, Adults, and Older Adults
Whelan, R., & McHugh, L. (2009) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/bf03395661 · Cited by 85
Delay choice versus delay maintenance: Different measures of delayed gratification in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).
Addessi, E., Fabio Paglieri, A., Beran, M. J., Evans, T. A., Macchitella, L., Petrillo, F. D., & Focaroli, V. (2013) · Journal of comparative psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031869 · Cited by 85
Distinct age-related differences in temporal discounting and risk taking in adolescents and young adults
de Water, E., Cillessen, A. H. N., & Scheres, A. (2014) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.12245 · Cited by 80
SOFT COMMITMENT: SELF‐CONTROL ACHIEVED BY RESPONSE PERSISTENCE
Siegel, E., & Rachlin, H. C. (1995) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1995.64-117 · Cited by 84
Time Horizons, Discounting, and Intertemporal Choice
Streich, P., & Levy, J. S. (2007) · Journal of Conflict Resolution · doi:10.1177/0022002706298133 · Cited by 87
The combined effects of delay and probability in discounting
Yi, R., Garcia, X. D. L. P., & Bickel, W. K. (2006) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2006.05.001 · Cited by 83
Early adolescent sexual debut: The mediating role of working memory ability, sensation seeking, and impulsivity.
Khurana, A., Romer, D., Betancourt, L. M., Brodsky, N. L., Giannetta, J. M., & Hurt, H. (2012) · Developmental Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0027491 · Cited by 82
Age-related differences in impulsivity among adolescent and adult Sprague-Dawley rats.
Doremus‐Fitzwater, T. L., Barreto, M., & SPEAR, L. P. (2012) · Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.1037/a0029697 · Cited by 83
PRISONER'S DILEMMA AND THE PIGEON: CONTROL BY IMMEDIATE CONSEQUENCES
Green, L., Price, P. C., & Hamburger, M. E. (1995) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.1995.64-1 · Cited by 82
Self-citation
Altruism in time: social temporal discounting differentiates smokers from problem drinkers
Bickel, W. K., Jarmolowicz, D. P., Mueller, E. T., Franck, C. T., Carrin, C., & Gatchalian, K. M. (2012) · Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s00213-012-2745-6 · Cited by 85
Personality and emotion
Reisenzein, R., & Weber, H. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.007 · Cited by 84
Modeling customer bounded rationality in operations management: A review and research opportunities
Ren, H., & Huang, T. (2017) · Computers & Operations Research · doi:10.1016/j.cor.2017.11.002 · Cited by 83
A Research-based Theory of Addictive Motivation
Ainslie, G. (2000) · Law and Philosophy · doi:10.1023/a:1006349204560 · Cited by 80
Mechanisms of impulsive choice: II. Time-based interventions to improve self-control
Smith, A. P., Marshall, A. T., & Kirkpatrick, K. (2015) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.10.010 · Cited by 79
Mechanisms of impulsive choice: I. Individual differences in interval timing and reward processing
Marshall, A. T., Smith, A. P., & Kirkpatrick, K. (2014) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1002/jeab.88 · Cited by 75
Toward an Animal Model of Gambling: Delay Discounting and the Allure of Unpredictable Outcomes
Madden, G. J., Ewan, E. E., & Lagorio, C. H. (2006) · Journal of Gambling Studies · doi:10.1007/s10899-006-9041-5 · Cited by 81
A stitch in time saves nine: Behavioural decision-making explanations for time management problems
Koch, C. J., & Kleinmann, M. (2002) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/13594320244000120 · Cited by 86
Food reinforcement and impulsivity in overweight children and their parents
Epstein, L. H., Dearing, K. K., Temple, J. L., & Cavanaugh, M. D. (2007) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2007.10.007 · Cited by 76
Measurement of delay discounting using trial-by-trial consequences
Lane, S. D., Cherek, D. R., Pietras, C. J., & Tcheremissine, O. V. (2003) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(03)00143-8 · Cited by 80
ALTERNATIVE FRAMEWORKS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF SELF CONTROL
Green, L., & Myerson, J. (1993) · Behavior and philosophy · Cited by 76
Self-citation
Valuing future private and social benefits: The discounted utility model versus hyperbolic discounting models
Cairns, J., & Pol, M. M. V. D. (2000) · Journal of Economic Psychology · doi:10.1016/s0167-4870(99)00042-2 · Cited by 76
Neuroeconomics and adolescent substance abuse: individual differences in neural networks and delay discounting
Stanger, C., Elton, A., Ryan, S. R., James, G. A., Budney, A. J., & Kilts, C. D. (2013) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.04.013 · Cited by 75
Socioeconomic status, time preferences and pro-environmentalism
Grandin, A., Guillou, L., Sater, R. A., Foucault, M., & Chevallier, C. (2021) · Journal of Environmental Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101720 · Cited by 76
The neural correlates of temporal reward discounting
Scheres, A., de Water, E., & Mies, G. W. (2013) · Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews Cognitive Science · doi:10.1002/wcs.1246 · Cited by 81
Modeling Trajectories of Sensation Seeking and Impulsivity Dimensions from Early to Late Adolescence: Universal Trends or Distinct Sub-groups?
Khurana, A., Römer, D., Betancourt, L. M., & Hurt, H. (2018) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-018-0891-9 · Cited by 80
Age-Based Differences in Strategy Use in Choice Tasks
Worthy, D. A., & Maddox, W. T. (2012) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2011.00145 · Cited by 77
Delaying gratification for food and tokens in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): when quantity is salient, symbolic stimuli do not improve performance
Evans, T. A., Beran, M. J., Fabio Paglieri, A., & Addessi, E. (2012) · Animal Cognition · doi:10.1007/s10071-012-0482-1 · Cited by 74
Willpower with and without effort
Ainslie, G. W. (2020) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x20000357 · Cited by 85
Intertemporal Choice
Chabris, C. F., Laibson, D., & Schuldt, J. P. (2008) · Palgrave Macmillan UK eBooks · doi:10.1057/978-1-349-95121-5_1987-1 · Cited by 74
The Development of Hot and Cool Executive Functions in Childhood and Adolescence: Are We Getting Warmer?
Peterson, E., & Welsh, M. C. (2014) · Handbook of Executive Functioning · doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8106-5_4 · Cited by 110
Differential associations between obesity and behavioral measures of impulsivity
Lawyer, S. R., Boomhower, S. R., & Rasmussen, E. B. (2015) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2015.07.031 · Cited by 73
Death and the time of your life: experiences of close bereavement are associated with steeper financial future discounting and earlier reproduction
Pepper, G. V., & Nettle, D. (2013) · Evolution and Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2013.08.004 · Cited by 75
Is it time? Episodic imagining and the discounting of delayed and probabilistic rewards in young and older adults
Mok, J., Kwan, D. T., Green, L., Myerson, J., Craver, C. F., & Rosenbaum, R. S. (2020) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2020.104222 · Cited by 78
Self-citation
Temporal discounting and inter-temporal choice in rhesus monkeys
Hwang, J. (2009) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/neuro.08.009.2009 · Cited by 79
Time Use of Old and Very Old Berliners: Productive and Consumptive Activities as Functions of Resources
Klumb, P. L., & Baltes, M. M. (1999) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/54b.5.s271 · Cited by 73
Experimentation versus progression in adolescent drug use: A test of an emerging neurobehavioral imbalance model
Khurana, A., Römer, D., Betancourt, L. M., Brodsky, N. L., Giannetta, J. M., & Hurt, H. (2014) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579414000765 · Cited by 78
Neural and psychophysiological markers of delay aversion in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Wilbertz, G., Trueg, A., Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S., Blechert, J., Philipsen, A., & Tebartz van Elst, L. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0031924 · Cited by 69
An experimental analysis of acquired impulse control among adult humans intolerant to alcohol
Wang, J., Rao, Y., & Houser, D. E. (2017) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1610902114 · Cited by 70
Do incentives make a difference? Understanding smart charging program adoption for electric vehicles
Wong, S. D., Shaheen, S., Martin, E. W., & Uyeki, R. (2023) · Transportation Research Part C Emerging Technologies · doi:10.1016/j.trc.2023.104123 · Cited by 69
Family instability and children's effortful control in the context of poverty: Sometimes a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush
Sturge‐Apple, M. L., Davies, P. T., Cicchetti, D., Hentges, R. F., & Coe, J. L. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000407 · Cited by 71
Procrastinación en Estudiantes Universitarios: Su Relación con la Edad y el Curso Académico
Camprubí, A. R., & Clariana, M. (2017) · Revista Colombiana de Psicología · doi:10.15446/rcp.v26n1.53572 · Cited by 130
The Structural Model in Parenting Style, Attachment Style, Self-regulation and Self-esteem for Smartphone Addiction
Kwan, H. C., & Leung, M. T. (2017) · IAFOR Journal of Psychology & the Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.22492/ijpbs.3.1.06 · Cited by 77
How Time Preferences Differ: Evidence from 45 Countries
Hens, T., Rieger, M. O., & Wang, M. (2009) · Zurich Open Repository and Archive (University of Zurich) · doi:10.5167/uzh-95109 · Cited by 67
An efficient operant choice procedure for assessing delay discounting in humans: Initial validation in cocaine-dependent and control individuals.
Johnson, M. W. (2012) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0027088 · Cited by 67
Reward processing and intertemporal decision making in adults and adolescents: The role of impulsivity and decision consistency
Ripke, S., Hübner, T., Mennigen, E., Müller, K. U., Rodehacke, S., Schmidt, D., Jacob, M. J., & Smolka, M. N. (2012) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2012.08.034 · Cited by 65
Hypothetical intertemporal choice and real economic behavior: Delay discounting predicts voucher redemptions during contingency-management procedures.
Bickel, W. K., Jones, B. A., Landes, R. D., Christensen, D. R., Jackson, L., & Mancino, M. (2010) · Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1037/a0021739 · Cited by 66
Predicting domain-specific outcomes using delay and probability discounting for sexual versus monetary outcomes
Lawyer, S. R., & Schoepflin, F. J. (2013) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2013.03.001 · Cited by 71
Changing Delay Discounting and Impulsive Choice: Implications for Addictions, Prevention, and Human Health
Rung, J. M., Peck, S., Hinnenkamp, J. E., Preston, E., & Madden, G. J. (2019) · Perspectives on Behavior Science · doi:10.1007/s40614-019-00200-7 · Cited by 65
The Antecedents and Moderators of Offline Information Search: A Meta-Analysis
Maity, M., Dass, M., & Malhotra, N. K. (2014) · Journal of Retailing · doi:10.1016/j.jretai.2014.03.001 · Cited by 68
A behavioral analysis of altruism
Rachlin, H. C., & Locey, M. L. (2010) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2010.12.004 · Cited by 65
Hierarchical Bayesian estimation and hypothesis testing for delay discounting tasks
Vincent, B. T. (2015) · Behavior Research Methods · doi:10.3758/s13428-015-0672-2 · Cited by 65
The behavioral economics of young adult substance abuse
Murphy, J. G., & Dennhardt, A. A. (2016) · Preventive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.04.022 · Cited by 73
Time and Risk Preferences, and Consumption Decisions of Patients with Clinical Depression
Bayer, Y. M., Shtudiner, Z., Suhorukov, O., & Grisaru, N. (2018) · Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics · doi:10.1016/j.socec.2019.01.003 · Cited by 62
Isolating the delay component of impulsive choice in adolescent rats
McClure, J., Podos, J., & Richardson, H. N. (2014) · Frontiers in Integrative Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnint.2014.00003 · Cited by 62
Individual differences in discount rate are associated with demand for self‐administered cocaine, but not sucrose
Koffarnus, M. N., & Woods, J. H. (2013) · Addiction Biology · doi:10.1111/j.1369-1600.2011.00361.x · Cited by 63
Temporal reward discounting in children, adolescents, and emerging adults during an experiential task
Scheres, A., Tontsch, C., Thoeny, A. L., & Sumiya, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00711 · Cited by 62
Weighing Outcomes by Time or Against Time? Evaluation Rules in Intertemporal Choice
Scholten, M., Read, D., & Sanborn, A. N. (2014) · Cognitive Science · doi:10.1111/cogs.12104 · Cited by 64
Using crowdsourcing to examine relations between delay and probability discounting
Jarmolowicz, D. P., Bickel, W. K., Carter, A. E., Franck, C. T., & Mueller, E. T. (2012) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.09.001 · Cited by 61
Cognitive Aging and the Processing of Hazard Information and Disaster Warnings
Mayhorn, C. B. (2005) · Natural Hazards Review · doi:10.1061/(asce)1527-6988(2005)6:4(165 · Cited by 62
Discounting Behaviour and the Magnitude Effect: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Denmark
Andersen, S., Harrison, G. W., Lau, M. I., & Rutström, E. E. (2013) · Economica · doi:10.1111/ecca.12028 · Cited by 62
A job with a future? Delay discounting, magnitude effects, and domain independence of utility for career decisions
Schoenfelder, T., & Hantula, D. A. (2003) · Journal of Vocational Behavior · doi:10.1016/s0001-8791(02)00032-5 · Cited by 61
Dissociable frontostriatal white matter connectivity underlies reward and motor impulsivity
Hampton, W. H., Alm, K. H., Venkatraman, V., Nugiel, T., & Olson, I. R. (2017) · NeuroImage · doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.02.021 · Cited by 66
DELAY DISCOUNTING OF QUALITATIVELY DIFFERENT REINFORCERS IN RATS
Calvert, A. L., Green, L., & Myerson, J. (2010) · Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior · doi:10.1901/jeab.2010.93-171 · Cited by 60
Self-citation
Self-regulation and control in personality functioning
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (2012) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511596544.027 · Cited by 59
Foresight beyond the very next event: four-year-olds can link past and deferred future episodes
Redshaw, J., & Suddendorf, T. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00404 · Cited by 59
Leader‐follower dynamics: developing a learning environment
Agashae, Z. ̈., & Bratton, J. A. (2001) · Journal of Workplace Learning · doi:10.1108/13665620110388398 · Cited by 58
Formal Comparison of Dual-Parameter Temporal Discounting Models in Controls and Pathological Gamblers
Peters, J., Miedl, S. F., & Büchel, C. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0047225 · Cited by 59
Teen driver crash risk and associations with smoking and drowsy driving
Hutchens, L., Senserrick, T. M., Jamieson, P. E., Romer, D., & Winston, F. K. (2007) · Accident Analysis & Prevention · doi:10.1016/j.aap.2007.10.001 · Cited by 58
The genetic basis of delay discounting and its genetic relationship to alcohol dependence
Mitchell, S. H. (2011) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.02.008 · Cited by 61
Effects of delay and probability combinations on discounting in humans
Cox, D. J., & Dallery, J. (2016) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2016.08.002 · Cited by 59
A comparison of the discounted utility model and hyperbolic discounting models in the case of social and private intertemporal preferences for health
Pol, M. M. V. D., & Cairns, J. (2002) · Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization · doi:10.1016/s0167-2681(02)00059-8 · Cited by 58
Neural processing of reward in adolescent rodents
Simon, N. W., & Moghaddam, B. (2014) · Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.dcn.2014.11.001 · Cited by 59
D4 receptor deficiency in mice has limited effects on impulsivity and novelty seeking
Helms, C. M., Gubner, N. R., Wilhelm, C., Mitchell, S. H., & Grandy, D. K. (2008) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2008.03.013 · Cited by 58
Sustainability: From Excess to Aesthetics
Grant, L. K. (2010) · Behavior and Social Issues · doi:10.5210/bsi.v19i0.2789 · Cited by 63
On the Generality of Age Differences in Social and Nonsocial Decision Making
Rieger, M., & Mata, R. (2013) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbt088 · Cited by 58
Behavioral Economics of Education
Lavecchia, A. M., Liu, H., & Oreopoulos, P. (2016) · Handbook of the Economics of Education · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63459-7.00001-4 · Cited by 89
Estimating the subjective value of future rewards: Comparison of adjusting-amount and adjusting-delay procedures
Holt, D. D., Green, L., & Myerson, J. (2012) · Behavioural Processes · doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.03.003 · Cited by 62
Self-citation
Deadline Rush: A Time Management Phenomenon and Its Mathematical Description Relationships Between Critical Thinking and Attitudes Toward Women's Roles in Society
König, C. J., & Kleinmann, M. (2005) · The Journal of Psychology · doi:10.3200/jrlp.139.1.33-45 · Cited by 56

Authors: Green, L., Fry, A. F., & Myerson, J.
Affiliations: Washington University in St. Louis (US)
ORCID: Green, Leonard
Myerson, Joel
Venue: Psychological Science
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 1994-01
Volume: 5
Issue: 1
Pages: 33-36
ISSN: 0956-7976 (ISSN-L)
1467-9280
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9280.1994.tb00610.x
OpenAlex: W2131954887
Cited by: 1,165
References: 19
Citations by year: 2026: 19 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 51 · 2020: 90 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 53 · 2017: 54 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 65 · 2014: 55 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 62
FWCI: 28.67
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Psychological Science (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Finance › Financial Literacy, Pension, Retirement Analysis
Keywords: delay discounting, delayed rewards, lifespan development, self-control, age differences, children, young adults, older adults, monetary rewards

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Discounting of Delayed Rewards: A Life-Span Comparison

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks