Mental Disorders and Cigarette Use among Adults in the United States
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Background: The goal of this study was to determine the association between mental disorders and cigarette consumption and nicotine dependence. Methods: Data were drawn from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative survey of adults (N = 43,093) aged 18 and older. Relationships between specific anxiety disorders, mood disorders, nondependent cigarette use, nicotine dependence among the whole sample, and nicotine dependence among cigarette users were examined. Results: After adjusting for demographics and comorbid mental disorders, generalized anxiety disorder (OR = 1.16 (1.29–1.51)), specific phobia (OR = 1.35 (1.21–1.51)), panic disorder (PD) (OR = 1.90 (1.62–2.23)), major depression (MDD) (OR = 1.31 (1.16–1.48)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 1.30 (1.09–1.54)) were associated with increased likelihood of nondependent cigarette use. Specific phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.49–1.91)), PD (OR = 1.82 (1.50–2.21)), MDD (OR = 1.59 (1.38–1.84)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 1.71 (1.39–2.09)) were associated with increased odds of nicotine dependence among the whole sample; social phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.19–2.40)), specific phobia (OR = 1.69 (1.43–2.01)), MDD (OR = 1.65 (1.34–2.02)), and bipolar disorder (OR = 2.38 (1.74–3.24)) were associated with increased risk of nicotine dependence among cigarette users. Conclusions: Specific anxiety disorders and mood disorders were uniquely associated with nondependent cigarette use, nicotine dependence among the whole sample, and the risk of nicotine dependence among cigarette users in the United States. Findings suggest that demographic differences, comorbid mood, anxiety, substance, and personality disorders all contributed to previously observed associations between mental disorders and nicotine dependence, explaining these links in some but not all cases. (Am J Addict 2012;21:416–423)
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Depressive and anxiety syndromes are more prevalent among smokers than nonsmokers, and smokers with these conditions are more likely to be nicotine dependent.
“For instance, depressive and anxiety syndromes are more prevalent among smokers than nonsmokers [6,7], and smokers with these conditions are more likely to be nicotine dependent [4,8].”
From Acceptance and Commitment Therapy Wellness Program for Latine Adults Who Smoke and Have Psychological Distress: Protocol for a Feasibility Study (2023) · cites this paper as [4]
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Fobiler ve Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları: Bir Halk Sağlığı Bakışı
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Stuttering, alcohol consumption and smoking
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“For instance, depressive and anxiety syndromes are more prevalent among smokers than nonsmokers [6,7], and smokers with these conditions are more likely to be nicotine dependent [4,8].”
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Anxiety and Related Disorders in Men
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Flash sur la recommandation « soins somatiques en psychiatrie »
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- Authors
- Goodwin, R. D., Zvolensky, M. J., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S.
- Affiliations
- University of Vermont (US)
- New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
- Venue
- The American Journal on Addictions
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-08-10
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 416-423
- ISSN
- 1055-0496 (ISSN-L)
- 1521-0391
- PMC
- PMC3701304
- OpenAlex
- W1843562072
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 3.43
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal on Addictions (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K23-MH64746, K23MH064736)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA20896, R01DA020892)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- mental illness, cigarette smoking, nicotine dependence, anxiety disorders, mood disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, specific phobia, social anxiety disorder, comorbidities, tobacco use
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Smoking, Tobacco Use Disorder, United States, Mood Disorders, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.)
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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