Cited by 51Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorNeuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchNeurological disorders and treatments

Real-time assessments of dopamine function during behavior: single-unit recording, iontophoresis, and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in awake, unrestrained rats

Rebec, George V.·1998·Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research

Abstract

Although ample evidence implicates the dopamine (DA) projection to the neostriatum and nucleus accumbens in motor and motivational processes, relatively little information is available on how DA alters neostriatal or accumbal functions under naturally occurring behavioral conditions. Further insight into neuron-behavior relationships can be achieved with the application of single-unit recording techniques, including iontophoresis and fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV), to awake, unrestrained animals. Single-unit recording has revealed that amphetamine, a widely abused psychomotor stimulant, activates motor-, but inhibits nonmotor-related neurons in neostriatum and nucleus accumbens. Although either response can be blocked by DA receptor antagonists, the amphetamine-induced activation also depends on an intact corticostriatal system, suggesting a role for glutamate (GLU). Both neostriatal and accumbal neurons are sensitive to iontophoretic application of either DA or GLU, but when applied during low-dose application of DA, the GLU signal is enhanced relative to background activity. In effect, DA appears to modulate GLU by strengthening the GLU signal-to-noise ratio. To assess DA release under behaviorally relevant conditions, FSCV has been used to obtain real-time measurements of DA efflux in a free-choice novelty test. DA efflux increased only during the brief period of entry into novelty, and the increase was confined to accumbal shell and the shell-core transition zone, the so-called shore. Neither accumbal core nor the overlying neostriatum showed a novelty-related DA change. Thus, DA release during behavior is not uniform and in the case of novelty appears targeted to the limbic-related area of accumbal shell. Further application of these and other in vivo technologies to ambulant animals is required to identify the complex mechanisms underlying both the release of DA and its effect on neostriatal and accumbal neurons during behavior.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1998.tb03614.x

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  • Other dopamine neurons are excited by outcomes other than rewards and by cues predicting these outcomes.

    “Subsequent animal cell recordings have shown that other dopamine neurons are excited by outcomes other than rewards, and to the cues predicting these outcomes (5, 8-13).”
  • In the ventral striatum specifically, responses to novel stimuli have been shown with fast-scan voltammetry and other techniques measuring extracellular DA concentrations, as well as with single unit recordings and fMRI.

    “In the VS specifically, responses to novel stimuli have been shown with fast-scan voltammetry and other techniques measuring extra-cellular DA concentrations, as well as with single unit recordings and fMRI [71–73].”
  • Various types of novelty produce dopamine release in the rat striatum, including social novelty, novel tastes, and novel environments.

    “Microdialysis [90, 91] and fast scan cyclic voltammetry [92] show that various types of novelty produce dopamine release in the rat striatum. These include social novelty [90], novel tastes [91], and novel environments [92].”

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Authors
Rebec, G. V.
Affiliations
Indiana University Bloomington (US)
Corresponding author
Rebec, George V.
Venue
Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
1998-02
Volume
22
Issue
1
Pages
32-40
ISSN
  • 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-0277
OpenAlex
W2005738244
Cited by
51
References
89
Citations by year
2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 2
FWCI
0.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA05312, R01DA002451, DA02451)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
Keywords
dopamine release, neostriatum, nucleus accumbens, amphetamine, glutamate, corticostriatal circuits, dopamine antagonists, single-unit recording, iontophoresis, fast-scan cyclic voltammetry, unrestrained rats
MeSH terms
Ethanol, Alcoholism, Animals, Brain, Brain Mapping, Corpus Striatum, Dopamine, Membrane Potentials, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Nucleus Accumbens, Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted, Rats

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