Early subjective response and acquired tolerance as predictors of alcohol use and related problems in a clinical sample
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated that a low subjective response (SR) to alcohol is a risk factor for alcohol use disorders (AUDs), and a recent study suggests that acquired tolerance can be differentiated from initial SR and is also significantly associated with drinking problems. Because the prior study of SR and tolerance focused on a sample of moderate drinkers, the goal of the current study was to examine relations between early SR, acquired tolerance, alcohol use, and alcohol-related problems in a sample of young adults with clinically significant alcohol problems. METHODS: The current study examined associations between early SR and acquired tolerance and both drinking behavior and alcohol-related problems within a sample of 113 heavy drinking young adults (66.1% male) volunteering for a clinical trial of naltrexone in combination with brief motivational counseling. RESULTS: Consistent with the 1 prior study examining simultaneous effects of early SR and tolerance, both early SR and acquired tolerance were positively associated with typical drinking behavior, although tolerance was a much stronger predictor within this clinical sample. In contrast to the prior study, early SR was inversely associated with risk for alcohol-related problems, and tolerance was not a significant predictor of problems. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that, controlling for weekly drinking, a low early SR protected against acute negative consequences within a sample of heavy drinkers who had acquired significant tolerance to alcohol effects. It is possible that this protective effect may eventually shift to a risk factor by allowing individuals with a low SR to persist in a pattern of hazardous drinking.
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Human studies in this area have been limited to retrospective patient reports, post mortem brain tissue methods, or cross-sectional laboratory paradigms, none of which directly measure alcohol responses in the same individuals over time.
“Human studies in this area have been limited to retrospective patient reports(23), post mortem brain tissue methods(24), or cross-sectional laboratory paradigms(2, 3, 25–29), none of which directly measure alcohol responses in the same individuals over time.”
From A Prospective 5-Year Re-examination of Alcohol Response in Heavy Drinkers Progressing in Alcohol Use Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [2]
Tolerance theory implies that attenuation of subjective alcohol responses over time plays a key role in the development of addiction.
“Tolerance, a diagnostic criteria for AUD from DSM-III (1980) to DSM-5 (2013)(8), implies that attenuation of subjective alcohol responses over time plays a key role in the development of addiction.”
From A Prospective 5-Year Re-examination of Alcohol Response in Heavy Drinkers Progressing in Alcohol Use Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [2]
Previous studies relying on proxy measures of brain-behavior relationships to alcohol response have not been able to address within-person changes or stabilization in alcohol response over time.
“Previous studies relying on proxy measures of brain-behavior relationships to alcohol response(2, 3, 23–29) have not been able to address within-person changes or stabilization in alcohol response over time.”
From A Prospective 5-Year Re-examination of Alcohol Response in Heavy Drinkers Progressing in Alcohol Use Disorder (2016) · cites this paper as [2]
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- Authors
- Corbin, W. R., Scott, C., Leeman, R. F., Fucito, L. M., Toll, B. A., & O'Malley, S. S.
- Affiliations
- Arizona State University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- Yale Cancer Center (US)
- Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven Connecticut
- Corresponding author
- Corbin, William R.
- Venue
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2013-01-24
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 490-497
- ISSN
- 0145-6008 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-0277
- PMC
- PMC3586307
- OpenAlex
- W2089151021
- Cited by
- 18
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 1.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K01AA019694, K05AA014715, KO5-AA01471, K23AA020000, AA016621, R01AA016621)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- subjective response to alcohol, alcoholism, alcohol-related problems, heavy drinking, young adults, naltrexone, alcoholism treatment, drinking behavior
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Alcohol Drinking, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Alcohol-Related Disorders, Young Adult
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