Cited by 580Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchChild Abuse and TraumaMigration, Health and Trauma

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Trauma exposure and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the general population

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Frans, Ö., Rimmö, P.‐A., Åberg, L., Fredrikson, M.·2005·Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica

DOI 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00463.x

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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To examine the lifetime prevalence of trauma experiences and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). METHOD: Questionnaire-assessed PTSD, the type of traumatic event experienced, perceived trauma impact, and trauma frequency in 1824 randomly selected men and women. RESULTS: PTSD lifetime prevalence was estimated at 5.6% with a 1 : 2 male-to-female ratio, in spite of men reporting greater trauma exposure. The highest PTSD risk was associated with sexual and physical assault, robbery and multiple trauma experiences. Controlling for trauma type did not account for gender differences, while controlling for experienced distress did. CONCLUSION: The conditional probability for PTSD varied as a function of trauma type, frequency and impact of the event, with increased rates associated with prevalent trauma exposure and higher perceived distress. The latter accounted for the gender effect, suggesting that gender differences in PTSD in part represent a generally greater vulnerability to stress in women.

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“, physical or sexual assault, serious accident or injury) during their lifetime (Frans et al. 2005; Kessler et al. 1995).”
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ResultInfluential
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Background
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“The majority in this “ missing ” group were migrants either with low education or whose educational level from their home country was not validated in the Swedish system [5, 26].”
Influential
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“Women are also at a higher risk for PTSD (Frans et al., 2005), even when they are subjected to the same type of trauma as men (Tolin and Foa, 2006; Van Loey et al., 2003).”
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“, no war, major conflict or other major mass event (35).”
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Authors: Frans, Ö., Rimmö, P. ‐., Åberg, L., & Fredrikson, M.
Affiliations: Uppsala University (SE)
Dalarna University (SE)
Corresponding author: Frans, Ö.
ORCID: Fredrikson, M.
Venue: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2005-03
Volume: 111
Issue: 4
Pages: 291-290
ISSN: 0001-690X (ISSN-L)
1600-0447
DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2004.00463.x
OpenAlex: W2139994007
Cited by: 580
References: 59
Citations by year: 2026: 20 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 39 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 39 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 27
FWCI: 26.23
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, trauma exposure, lifetime prevalence, gender differences, sexual assault, physical assault, robbery, polytrauma, perceived distress, general population
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Crime, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Recurrence, Risk, Sex Offenses, Sex Ratio, Statistics as Topic, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Sweden, Violence

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Trauma exposure and post‐traumatic stress disorder in the general population

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