The DOI matches its Crossref record; 100 of the 101 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Re‐theorizing Family Demographics
Open accessAbstract
Two dominant theories within family research foresee a long‐term decline in marriage, fertility, and partner stability. They also assume that this “less‐family” scenario will be spearheaded by higher‐educated strata. Trends in the latter half of the twentieth century seemed to provide ample support for both predictions. However, recent signs of change in family behavior raise doubts about their continued validity. In a number of countries we see a halt to, and even reversal of, fertility decline and of couple instability. In parallel, we observe a reversal of the social gradient on both dimensions. Applying a multiple equilibrium framework, we propose a theoretical framework that helps explain both the phase of marital and fertility decline and the subsequent recovery. We focus especially on the endogenous dynamics of the process, which, we argue, depend on the conditions that favor rapid diffusion. Our core argument is that the turnaround is driven by the diffusion of gender‐egalitarian norms.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Theories on gender and fertility development have suggested a decline in fertility with women’s rising participation in education and employment, which would make women dually burdened with paid work and care of their families.”
From Education, Gender, and Cohort Fertility in the Nordic Countries (2019) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“All of these theories imply that greater gender equity within the family will have the strongest fertility-promoting effect among highly educated women because of their greater opportunity costs when their involvement in paid work is restricted.”
From Education, Gender, and Cohort Fertility in the Nordic Countries (2019) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Many scholars argue that these gendered associations are weakening or even reversing. This is mostly attributed to changing gender relations in the public and private spheres (McDonald 2000; Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015; Goldscheider et al. 2015; Anderson and Kohler 2015).”
From Education, Gender, and Cohort Fertility in the Nordic Countries (2019) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Scholars further argue that if men take more caring responsibilities and share family work more equally with their partners, fertility levels may be maintained or even increase (McDonald 2000; Neyer et al. 2013; Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015; Goldscheider et al. 2015; Anderson and Kohler 2015).”
From Education, Gender, and Cohort Fertility in the Nordic Countries (2019) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“major perspectives in family demography – and most notably the Gender Revolution (Goldscheider, Bernhardt, and Lappegård 2015 )/Multiple Equilibrium framework (Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015 ) – suggest, rather, a fertility rebound.”
From A reflection on economic uncertainty and fertility in Europe: The Narrative Framework (2020) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Taking evidence from the Nordic and Central European contexts to-”
From Can Policies Stall the Fertility Fall? A Systematic Review of the (Quasi‐) Experimental Literature (2021) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
In the citing paper
“Esping-Andersen and Billari ( 2015 ) recently suggested that trends toward (lowest-)low fertility would be transitory, and that fertility rates would come back to levels close to the replacement threshold especially in countries where gender equality gains normative status.”
From A reflection on economic uncertainty and fertility in Europe: The Narrative Framework (2020) · cites this paper as Esping-Andersen and Billari 2015
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Gamst, F. C. (1991) · Anthropology of Work Review · doi:10.1525/awr.1991.12.3.19 · Cited by 8,036
Identification of Endogenous Social Effects: The Reflection Problem
Manski, C. F. (1993) · The Review of Economic Studies · doi:10.2307/2298123 · Cited by 6,209
American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass.
Fernandez, R. M., Massey, D. S., & Denton, N. A. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2074502 · Cited by 6,191
Noble, C. (1988) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.2307/1961794 · Cited by 6,176
The Truly Disadvantaged: The Inner City, The Underclass, and Public Policy.
Watson, B. C., & Wilson, W. J. (1988) · The Journal of Negro Education · doi:10.2307/2295455 · Cited by 6,018
Becker, G. S. (1973) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260084 · Cited by 3,573
An Economic Analysis of FertilityPreprint
Becker, G. S. (1960) · RePEc: Research Papers in Economics · Cited by 1,826
The Unfolding Story of the Second Demographic Transition
Lesthaeghe, R. (2010) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/j.1728-4457.2010.00328.x · Cited by 1,794
An Economic Analysis of Marital Instability
Becker, G. S., Landes, E. M., & Michael, R. T. (1977) · Journal of Political Economy · doi:10.1086/260631 · Cited by 1,715
Diffusion in Organizations and Social Movements: From Hybrid Corn to Poison Pills
Strang, D., & Soule, S. A. (1998) · Annual Review of Sociology · doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.24.1.265 · Cited by 1,698
Research works printed but not linked: 12
- Becker Gary S., 1981, A Treatise on the Family
- 10.1177/000312249906400302 · DOI
- Creighton Mathew, 2013, The Low Fertility Syndrome
- Ellwood David T., 2004, Social Inequality, 3
- Esping‐Andersen Gøsta., 2009, The Incomplete Revolution: Adapting Welfare States to Women's New Roles
- Goode William J., 1962, Marital satisfaction and instability: A cross‐cultural class analysis of divorce rates, International Social Science Journal, 14, 544
- Gornick Janet C., 1998, Public policy and the employment of mothers: A cross‐national study, Social Sciences Quarterly, 79, 35
- Hazan Moshe, 2011, CEPR Discussion Paper 8590
- Jäntti Markus, 2006, IZA Discussion Paper No. 1938
- Neyer Gerda, 2011, Stockholm Research Reports in Demography, 9
- Raymo James M., 2012, CDE Working Paper No. 2012–01
- Scott J., 2006, Globalization, Value Changes and Generations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 765
The Persistence of Social Norms, Family Formation, and Gender Balance in Politics
Gruneau, M. F. (2021) · Politics & Gender · doi:10.1017/s1743923x21000106 · Cited by 17
Pathways into childbearing delay of men and women in Australia
Lazzari, E. (2021) · Longitudinal and Life Course Studies · doi:10.1332/175795921x16197735939121 · Cited by 17
Theories of Postindustrial Fertility Decline: An Empirical Examination
Han, S. W., & Brinton, M. C. (2022) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12490 · Cited by 17
The Fertility Transition Revisited: A Cohort Perspective
Frejka, T. (2017) · DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) · doi:10.12765/cpos-2017-09en · Cited by 17
Kim, J., & Luke, N. (2019) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/soz159 · Cited by 16
Hook, J. L., & Paek, E. (2020) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12364 · Cited by 16
Transformations of State Family Policy in Poland from 1989 to the Pandemic Period
Szczepaniak-Sienniak, J. (2021) · EUROPEAN RESEARCH STUDIES JOURNAL · doi:10.35808/ersj/2777 · Cited by 16
Shared leave, happier parent couples? Parental leave and relationship satisfaction in Germany
Goldacker, K., Wilhelm, J., Wirag, S., Dahl, P., Riotte, T., & Schober, P. S. (2022) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/09589287211056187 · Cited by 16
Milewski, N., & Adserà, A. (2022) · Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l integration et de la migration internationale · doi:10.1007/s12134-022-01003-7 · Cited by 16
Partnership dynamics and entry into parenthood: Comparison of Finnish birth cohorts 1969–2000
Rahnu, L., & Jalovaara, M. (2023) · Advances in Life Course Research · doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2023.100548 · Cited by 21
Raz‐Yurovich, L., & Okun, B. S. (2024) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2024.50.34 · Cited by 16
Cash transfers and fertility: Evidence from Poland’s Family 500+ Policy
Bokun, A. (2024) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2024.51.28 · Cited by 16
Jónsson, A. K. (2020) · European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie · doi:10.1007/s10680-020-09560-2 · Cited by 16
Women living alone in later life: A multicountry comparative analysis
Requena, M., Reher, D., Padyab, M., & Sandström, G. (2019) · Population Space and Place · doi:10.1002/psp.2269 · Cited by 16
Norms in Transition? The Relationship between Education and Singlehood
Setyonaluri, D., Maghfirah, A., & Aryaputra, C. (2020) · Jurnal Studi Pemuda · doi:10.22146/studipemudaugm.57995 · Cited by 16
Do Rich Parents Enjoy Children Less?
Moglie, M. L., Mencarini, L., & Rapallini, C. (2018) · Journal of Population Economics · doi:10.1007/s00148-018-0689-9 · Cited by 16
The Persistence of High Levels of Living Alone Among Adults with Disabilities in Sweden, 1993–2011
Sandström, G., Namatovu, F., Ineland, J., Larsson, D., Ng, N., & Stattin, M. (2020) · Population Research and Policy Review · doi:10.1007/s11113-020-09570-2 · Cited by 16
Partnership dynamics and the fertility gap between Sweden and Spain
Nishikido, M., Cui, Q., & Esteve, A. (2022) · Genus · doi:10.1186/s41118-022-00170-w · Cited by 15
Billingsley, S., Neyer, G., & Wesolowski, K. (2022) · European Journal of Population · doi:10.1007/s10680-022-09626-3 · Cited by 15
Three-Stage Transitional Theory: Egalitarian Gender Attitudes and Housework Share in 24 Countries
Kan, M., & Kolpashnikova, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2021.700301 · Cited by 15
Zhou, M., & Kan, M. (2023) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12593 · Cited by 15
Does education affect the timing or probability of family formation?
Cantalini, S. (2017) · Research in Social Stratification and Mobility · doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2017.03.002 · Cited by 15
Hilevych, Y., & Rusterholz, C. (2018) · The History of the Family · doi:10.1080/1081602x.2018.1470547 · Cited by 15
Family policies, childbearing, and economic crisis: The case of Iceland
Jónsson, A. K. (2018) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2018.39.19 · Cited by 15
Levanon, A., Saburov, E., Gangl, M., & Brülle, J. (2019) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2019.06.009 · Cited by 15
Shifting links in the relationship between education and fertility
Wood, J., Klüsener, S., Neels, K., & Myrskylä, M. (2020) · Population Space and Place · doi:10.1002/psp.2342 · Cited by 15
Spain’s Persistent Negative Educational Gradient in Fertility
Requena, M. (2021) · European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie · doi:10.1007/s10680-021-09599-9 · Cited by 15
Динамика вступления в материнство в современной России
Макаренцева, А. (2022) · Мир России · doi:10.17323/1811-038x-2022-31-1-162-182 · Cited by 15
Perceptions towards pronatalist policies in Singapore
Tan, J. (2023) · Journal of Population Research · doi:10.1007/s12546-023-09309-8 · Cited by 15
Second Unions Now More Stable than First? A Comparison of Separation Risks by Union Order in France
Beaujouan, É. (2016) · European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie · doi:10.1007/s10680-016-9376-2 · Cited by 16
Not just later, but fewer: novel trends in cohort fertility in the Nordic countries
Hellstrand, J., Nisén, J., Miranda, V., Fallesen, P., Dommermuth, L., & Myrskylä, M. (2020) · doi:10.4054/mpidr-wp-2020-007 · Cited by 15
Examining the Gender Equality–Fertility Paradox in Three Nordic Countries
Begall, K., & Hiekel, N. (2025) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12721 · Cited by 14
Yeung, W. J., & Abalos, J. B. (2025) · The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific · doi:10.1016/j.lanwpc.2025.101724 · Cited by 14
Cohort fertility and educational expansion in the Czech Republic during the 20th century
Zeman, K. (2018) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2018.38.56 · Cited by 14
Diverging Trends in Satisfaction With Housework: Declines in Women, Increases in Men
Léopold, T. (2018) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12520 · Cited by 14
Childlessness in Spain: Tick Tock, Tick Tock, Tick Tock!
Esteve, A., Devolder, D., & Valls, A. D. I. (2016) · Perspectives Demogràfiques · doi:10.46710/ced.pd.eng.1 · Cited by 14
Fleckenstein, T., Lee, S. C., & Himmelweit, S. M. (2023) · Economy and Society · doi:10.1080/03085147.2023.2175449 · Cited by 14
Kan, M. (2023) · Genus · doi:10.1186/s41118-023-00200-1 · Cited by 14
Ophir, A., Boertien, D., & Vidal, S. (2023) · Demography · doi:10.1215/00703370-10968468 · Cited by 14
Cohabiting couple's economic organization and marriage patterns across social classes
McErlean, K. (2023) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12947 · Cited by 14
The educational diffusion of divorce: The role of gender and context
Hogendoorn, B., & van den Berg, L. (2024) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12980 · Cited by 16
Religiosity, nationalism and fertility among Jews in Israel revisited
Bystrov, E. (2016) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/0001699316628615 · Cited by 14
Rüger, H., & Viry, G. (2017) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcx064 · Cited by 14
Sandström, G., & Marklund, E. (2018) · The History of the Family · doi:10.1080/1081602x.2018.1556721 · Cited by 14
Gender Equity, Religion, and Fertility in Europe and North America
DeRose, L. F. (2021) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12373 · Cited by 14
Birth Control and American Modernity
MacNamara, T. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108650465 · Cited by 14
Family Demography in Sub-Saharan Africa: Systematic Review of Family Research
Odimegwu, C. O., Wet, N. D., Adedini, S. A., & Appunni, S. (2019) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-14887-4_2 · Cited by 14
Single-Parent Families, Educational Gradient, and Child Deprivation: The Cases of Italy and Spain
Pérez-Corral, A. L., & Mínguez, A. M. (2022) · Child Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s12187-022-09931-7 · Cited by 14
Morero-Mínguez, A., & Gaspar, M. O. (2022) · Frontiers in Sociology · doi:10.3389/fsoc.2022.807591 · Cited by 14
The German Low Fertility: How We Got There and What We Can Expect for the Future
Buhr, P., & Huinink, J. J. (2015) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcv013 · Cited by 14
Fertility histories and chronic conditions later in life in Europe
Sironi, M. (2018) · European Journal of Ageing · doi:10.1007/s10433-018-0494-z · Cited by 14
Educational assortative mating and couples’ linked late-life employment trajectories
Visser, M., & Fasang, A. E. (2018) · Advances in Life Course Research · doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2018.04.005 · Cited by 14
La infecundidad en España: tic-tac, tic-tac, tic-tac !!!
Esteve, A., Devolder, D., & Valls, A. D. I. (2016) · Perspectives Demogràfiques · doi:10.46710/ced.pd.esp.1 · Cited by 13
Rising Female‐Headed Households: Shifts in Living Arrangements or Heightened Gender Symmetry?
Trias‐Prats, R., & Esteve, A. (2024) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12692 · Cited by 13
Ishizuka, P. (2025) · Social Science Research · doi:10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103156 · Cited by 13
Ruiz-Vallejo, F., & Solsona, M. (2020) · Estudios Demográficos y Urbanos · doi:10.24201/edu.v36i1.1932 · Cited by 13
When the last child moves out: Continuity and convergence in spouses' housework time
Schulz, F., & Raab, M. (2022) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12873 · Cited by 13
Couples' paid work, state-level unemployment, and first births in the United States
Comolli, C. L. (2021) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2021.45.38 · Cited by 13
DeRose, L. F., Cahn, N., Carbone, J., Wilcox, W. B., Carlson, M. J., Esteve, A., Florez-Paredes, E., Cherlin, A. J., Perelli‐Harris, B., Eberstadt, N., et al. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108235525 · Cited by 14
All-time low period fertility in Finland: drivers, tempo effects, and cohort implications
Hellstrand, J., Nisén, J., & Myrskylä, M. (2019) · doi:10.4054/mpidr-wp-2019-006 · Cited by 13
Ellingsæter, A. L., & Kitterød, R. H. (2023) · Journal of Family Studies · doi:10.1080/13229400.2023.2179524 · Cited by 12
Maternal Free Time: A Missing Element in Fertility Studies
Jarosz, E., Matysiak, A., & Osiewalska, B. (2023) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12589 · Cited by 12
Shifting Parental Age Differences in High‐Income Countries: Insights and Implications
Dudel, C., Cheng, Y. A., & Klüsener, S. (2023) · Population and Development Review · doi:10.1111/padr.12597 · Cited by 12
Ferragina, E. (2024) · Social Policy and Administration · doi:10.1111/spol.13029 · Cited by 12
Kuang, B., Berrington, A. M., Vasireddy, S., & Kulu, H. (2025) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2025.52.7 · Cited by 17
Policies and Fertility: Pronatalist vs. Structural Approaches
Vignoli, D., & Guetto, R. (2025) · The Springer series on demographic methods and population analysis · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89737-5_3 · Cited by 12
The International Multidimensional Fertility Index: The European Case
Fernández-Crehuet, J. M., Giménez-Nadal, J. I., & del Valle, I. D. (2016) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-016-1341-2 · Cited by 12
Biegert, T., & Ebbinghaus, B. (2020) · Socio-Economic Review · doi:10.1093/ser/mwaa003 · Cited by 12
Childcare in Lithuania and Belarus: how gendered is parenting in Eastern European countries?
Steinbach, A., & Maslauskaitė, A. (2020) · Journal of Family Studies · doi:10.1080/13229400.2020.1806903 · Cited by 12
So Far, so Similar? Labour Market Feminization in Italy and Chile
Semenza, R., Boccardo, G., & Sarti, S. (2020) · Social Indicators Research · doi:10.1007/s11205-020-02551-0 · Cited by 12
Flaquer, L. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-73306-3_19 · Cited by 12
Lazzari, E. (2021) · Journal of Population Research · doi:10.1007/s12546-021-09269-x · Cited by 12
Lingering Male Breadwinner Norms as Predictors of Family Satisfaction and Marital Instability
Lee, Y.-J. (2022) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci11020049 · Cited by 12
Yoo, S. H. (2022) · Asian Population Studies · doi:10.1080/17441730.2022.2054090 · Cited by 12
A step to the left? Gender ideologies and political party identification in Germany
Diabaté, S., Grunow, D., & Braack, M. K. (2023) · European Sociological Review · doi:10.1093/esr/jcad013 · Cited by 12
Family inequality: On the changing educational gradient of family patterns in Western Germany
Hudde, A., & Engelhardt, H. (2023) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2023.48.20 · Cited by 12
Brinton, M. C. (2016) · American Behavioral Scientist · doi:10.1177/0002764216643130 · Cited by 12
Regional government institutions and the capacity for women to reconcile career and motherhood
Giannantoni, C., & Rodríguez‐Pose, A. (2024) · Journal of Economic Geography · doi:10.1093/jeg/lbae041 · Cited by 11
Sharing Responsibilities for Children After Separation: A European Perspective
Meyer, D. R., Salin, M., Lindroos, E., & Hakovirta, M. (2024) · Family Transitions · doi:10.1080/28375300.2024.2423432 · Cited by 11
Stratified Fertility: Age Norms, Ideals, Behaviors, and the Role of National Contexts
Badolato, L., Billari, F. C., & Liefbroer, A. C. (2024) · European Journal of Population / Revue européenne de Démographie · doi:10.1007/s10680-024-09718-2 · Cited by 11
Self-citationAligned, competing, and blurred: Gender and family attitudes in East Asia
Han, S. W., & Oh, E. (2024) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.13059 · Cited by 12
Changing household structures, household employment, and poverty trends in rich countries
Azzollini, L., Breen, R., & Nolan, B. W. (2025) · Journal of European Social Policy · doi:10.1177/09589287241313429 · Cited by 11
International Responses to Regretting Motherhood
Heffernan, V., & Stone, K. V. W. (2021) · Sustainable development goals series · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-1174-2_11 · Cited by 11
Mínguez, A. M. (2021) · Revista Internacional de Sociología · doi:10.3989/ris.2021.79.3.19.70 · Cited by 11
How do mothers work? Kin coresidence and mothers' work in Latin America
Aragão, C., & Villanueva, A. (2021) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2021.45.30 · Cited by 11
Measuring the lifecycle impact of welfare state policies in the face of ageing
Spielauer, M., Horvath, T. A., Fink, M., Abío, G., Nieves, G. S., Patxot, C., & Istenič, T. (2022) · Economic Analysis and Policy · doi:10.1016/j.eap.2022.05.002 · Cited by 11
Getting married in a highly individualized context: Commitment and gender equality matter
Ohlsson‐Wijk, S., Brandén, M., & Duvander, A. (2022) · Journal of Marriage and the Family · doi:10.1111/jomf.12849 · Cited by 11
Childbearing across partnerships in Italy: Prevalence, demographic correlates, and social gradient
Pirani, E., & Vignoli, D. (2022) · Population Studies · doi:10.1080/00324728.2022.2149845 · Cited by 11
Vignoli, J. R. (2017) · Notas de población · doi:10.18356/d8191782-es · Cited by 11
Destandardization in later age spans in Western Germany
Zimmermann, O. (2019) · Advances in Life Course Research · doi:10.1016/j.alcr.2019.04.017 · Cited by 12
Female Breadwinner: More Egalitarian Couples? An International Comparison
Khamis, N., & Ayuso, L. (2021) · Journal of Family and Economic Issues · doi:10.1007/s10834-021-09784-2 · Cited by 11
Sharing the Caring: Attitude–Behavior Discrepancies and Partnership Dynamics
Brandén, M., Duvander, A., & Ohlsson‐Wijk, S. (2016) · Journal of Family Issues · doi:10.1177/0192513x16680013 · Cited by 11
Family demography in sub-saharan Africa: A systematic review of family research
Odimegwu, C. O., Wet, N. D., Adedini, S. A., Nzimande, N., Appunni, S., & Dube, T. (2017) · African Population Studies · doi:10.11564/31-1-1023 · Cited by 11
Division of household labor in urban China: Couples’ education pairing and co-residence with parents
Cao, X., & Qian, Z. (2024) · Research in Social Stratification and Mobility · doi:10.1016/j.rssm.2024.100941 · Cited by 11
Fertility transition and socioeconomic development in districts of India, 2001–2016
Chatterjee, S., & Mohanty, S. K. (2021) · Journal of Biosocial Science · doi:10.1017/s0021932020000735 · Cited by 10
Martín‐García, T., & Solera, C. (2022) · Journal of Family Studies · doi:10.1080/13229400.2022.2051726 · Cited by 10
Mínguez, A. M., & Pérez-Corral, A. L. (2022) · Journal of Family Research · doi:10.20377/jfr-765 · Cited by 10
The educational gradient in young singlehood: The role of gender and the gender climate
van den Berg, L. (2023) · Demographic Research · doi:10.4054/demres.2023.48.6 · Cited by 11
Fertility, female labor participation and income in East Asia
Nakagaki, Y. (2018) · International Journal of Development Issues · doi:10.1108/ijdi-06-2017-0106 · Cited by 10
La evolución de las normas sociales relativas a las transiciones familiares en España
Séiz, M., Martín, T. C., Cordero‐Coma, J., & Martín‐García, T. (2022) · Revista Española de Sociología · doi:10.22325/fes/res.2022.106 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Esping‐Andersen, G., & Billari, F. C.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (ES)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Venue
- Population and Development Review
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2015-03
- Volume
- 41
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-31
- ISSN
- 0098-7921 (ISSN-L)
- 1728-4457
- OpenAlex
- W2026143456
- Cited by
- 763
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 59 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 83 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 93 · 2019: 69 · 2018: 67 · 2017: 42 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 10
- FWCI
- 143.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Population and Development Review (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Archivio istituzionale della Ricerca - Bocconi (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Demography › Family Dynamics and Relationships
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Labor, and Family Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Keywords
- family demographics, fertility decline, marriage decline, social gradient, norm diffusion, fertility restoration, endogenous dynamics
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
