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Cited by 400Hormonal and reproductive studiesDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and LipoproteinsAdrenal Hormones and Disorders

Testosterone and Metabolic Syndrome: A Meta-Analysis Study

Corona, Giovanni, Monami, Matteo, Rastrelli, Giulia, Aversa, Antonio, Tishova, Yuliya, Saad, Farid, Lenzi, Andrea, Forti, Gianni +2 more·2011·The Journal of Sexual Medicine
DOI 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01991.x
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Abstract

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is often associated with male hypogonadism. Despite the well-known link, the role of testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) in MetS has not been completely clarified. Aim: To systematically analyse the relationship between androgen levels and MetS we performed a review and meta-analyses of available prospective and cross-sectional studies. In addition, a specific meta-analysis on the metabolic effects of TRT in available randomized clinical trials (RCTs) was also performed. Methods: An extensive Medline search was performed including the following words “testosterone,” “metabolic syndrome,” and “males”. Main Outcome Measures: Out of 323 retrieved articles, 302 articles were excluded for different reasons. Among the 20 published studies included, 13, 3, and 4 were cross-sectional, longitudinal, and RCTs, respectively. Another unpublished RCT was retrieved on http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Results: MetS patients showed significantly lower T plasma levels, as compared with healthy individuals. Similar results were obtained when MetS subjects with and without erectile dysfunction were analyzed separately or when NCEP-ATPIII MetS criteria were compared with other definitions. Meta-regression analysis demonstrated that type 2 diabetes (T2DM) increased the MetS-associated T fall. In a multiple regression model, after adjusting for age and BMI, both T2DM and MetS independently predicted low testosterone (adj. r = −0.752; P < 0.001 and −0.271; P < 0.05, respectively). Analysis of longitudinal studies demonstrated that baseline testosterone was significantly lower among patients with incident MetS in comparison with controls (2.17 [−2.41;−1.94] nmol/L; P < 0.0001). Combining the results of RCTs, TRT was associated with a significant reduction of fasting plasma glucose, homeostatic model assessment index, triglycerides, and waist circumference. In addition, an increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol was also observed. Conclusions: The meta-analysis of the available cross-sectional data suggests that MetS can be considered an independent association of male hypogonadism. Although only few RCTs have been reported, TRT seems to improve metabolic control, as well as central obesity.

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Authors
Corona, G., Monami, M., Rastrelli, G., Aversa, A., Tishova, Y., Saad, F., Lenzi, A., Forti, G., Mannucci, E., & Maggi, M.
Affiliations
  • Azienda USL di Bologna (IT)
  • University of Florence (IT)
  • Department of Medical Pathophysiology (DFM-Fisiopatologia Medica), Sapienza University , Rome , Italy
  • Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RU)
  • Gulf Medical University (AE)
  • Sapienza University of Rome (IT)
Corresponding author
Maggi, Mario
ORCID
Venue
The Journal of Sexual Medicine
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2011-01-01
Volume
8
Issue
1
Pages
272-283
ISSN
  • 1743-6095 (ISSN-L)
  • 1743-6109
DOI
10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.01991.x
OpenAlex
W1929501887
Cited by
400
References
4
Citations by year
2026: 18 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 29 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 37
FWCI
4.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations
  • The Journal of Sexual Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
Keywords
testosterone, metabolic syndrome, male hypogonadism, testosterone replacement therapy, type 2 diabetes, erectile dysfunction, abdominal obesity, fasting blood glucose, insulin resistance, triglycerides, waist circumference, HDL cholesterol
MeSH terms
Humans, Hypogonadism, Male, Regression Analysis, Testosterone, Multivariate Analysis, Hormone Replacement Therapy, Metabolic Syndrome

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