Pomegranate Fruit Extract Inhibits UVB‐induced Inflammation and Proliferation by Modulating NF‐κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in Mouse Skin†
Open accessAbstract
There is considerable interest in the identification of natural agents capable of affording protection to skin from the adverse effects of solar ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation. Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) fruit possesses as strong antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties. Recently, we have shown that oral feeding of pomegranate fruit extract (PFE) to mice afforded substantial protection from the adverse effects of single UVB radiation via modulation in early biomarkers of photocarcinogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the photochemopreventive effects of PFE (0.2%, wt/vol) after multiple UVB irradiations (180 mJ cm(-2), on alternative day, for a total of seven treatments) to the skin of SKH-1 hairless mice. Oral feeding of PFE to SKH-1 mice inhibited UVB-induced epidermal hyperplasia, infiltration of leukocytes, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that oral feeding of PFE to mice inhibited UVB-induced (1) nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa B/p65, (2) phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα, (3) activation of IKKα/ΙΚΚβ and (4) phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase proteins and c-Jun. PFE consumption also inhibited UVB-induced protein expression of (1) COX-2 and iNOS, (2) PCNA and cyclin D1 and (3) matrix metalloproteinases-2,-3 and -9 in mouse skin. Taken together, these data show that PFE consumption afforded protection to mouse skin against the adverse effects of UVB radiation by modulating UVB-induced signaling pathways.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Pomegranate fruit extract has been shown to reduce UVB-induced oxidative stress and the oxidation of skin proteins.
“Pomegranate fruit extract has been shown to reduce UVB-induced oxidative stress and the oxidation of skin proteins [209]”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [209]
Pomegranate extract has photochemoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties.
“Research has confirmed the photochemoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties of pomegranate extract.”
From Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review (2021) · cites this paper as [209]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Vayalil, P. K., Elmets, C. A., & Katiyar, S. K. (2003) · Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1093/carcin/bgg025 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
RetractedSiegel, R. L., Ward, E., Brawley, O. W., & Jemal, A. (2011) · CA A Cancer Journal for Clinicians · doi:10.3322/caac.20121 · Cited by 4,075 · see citing works
Gil, M. I., Tomás-Barberán, F. A., Hess-Pierce, B. M., Holcroft, D. M., & Kader, A. A. (2000) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf000404a · Cited by 2,365 · see citing works
Molecular basis of sun-induced premature skin ageing and retinoid antagonism
Fisher, G. J., Datta, S. C., Talwar, H. S., Wang, Z.-Q., Varani, J., Kang, S., & Voorhees, J. J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/379335a0 · Cited by 1,410 · see citing works
Inflammation meets cancer, with NF-κB as the matchmaker
Ben‐Neriah, Y., & Karin, M. (2011) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2060 · Cited by 1,379 · see citing works
Nichols, J. A., & Katiyar, S. K. (2010) · Archives of Dermatological Research · doi:10.1007/s00403-009-1001-3 · Cited by 1,103 · see citing works
Inflammatory mast cells up-regulate angiogenesis during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis
Coussens, L. M., Raymond, W. W., Bergers, G., Laig-Webster, M., Behrendtsen, O., Werb, Z., Caughey, G. H., & Hanahan, D. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.11.1382 · Cited by 946 · cited 1× · see citing works
“expressing MMP-9 may trigger neoplastic transformation during squamous epithelial carcinogenesis (22).”
BackgroundIKK/NF- B signaling: balancing life and death - a new approach to cancer therapy
Luo, J. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci26322 · Cited by 879 · see citing works
Matrix metalloproteinases and metastasis
Kleiner, D. E., & Stetler‐Stevenson, W. G. (1999) · Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology · doi:10.1007/s002800051097 · Cited by 704 · see citing works
Antioxidant activity, lipid peroxidation and skin diseases. What's new
Briganti, S., & Picardo, M. (2003) · Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology · doi:10.1046/j.1468-3083.2003.00751.x · Cited by 590 · see citing works
Regulation of tissue homeostasis by NF-κB signalling: implications for inflammatory diseases
Pasparakis, M. (2009) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri2655 · Cited by 523 · see citing works
Schubert, S. Y., Lansky, E. S., & Neéman, I. (1999) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(98)00222-0 · Cited by 446 · see citing works
Afaq, F., Saleem, M., Krueger, C. G., Reed, J. D., & Mukhtar, H. (2005) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.20587 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Self-citationPomegranate fruit juice for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of prostate cancer
Malik, A., Afaq, F., Sarfaraz, S., Adhami, V. M., Syed, D. N., & Mukhtar, H. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0505870102 · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevention of non-melanoma skin cancer by targeting ultraviolet-B-light signalling
Bowden, G. T. (2003) · Nature reviews. Cancer · doi:10.1038/nrc1253 · Cited by 393 · see citing works
NF-κB and cancer: how intimate is this relationship
Prasad, S., Ravindran, J., & Aggarwal, B. B. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s11010-009-0267-2 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Matrix metalloproteinases in tumor progression: focus on basal and squamous cell skin cancer
Kerkelä, E., & Saarialho‐Kere, U. (2003) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0625.2003.120201.x · Cited by 343 · see citing works
Photochemoprevention of ultraviolet B signaling and photocarcinogenesis
Afaq, F., Adhami, V. M., & Mukhtar, H. (2005) · Mutation research. Fundamental and molecular mechanisms of mutagenesis · doi:10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2004.07.019 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Self-citationAnticancer potential of silymarin: from bench to bed side.
Agarwal, R., Agarwal, C., Ichikawa, H., Singh, R. P., & Aggarwal, B. B. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 297 · see citing works
Katiyar, S. K., Afaq, F., Azizuddin, K., & Mukhtar, H. (2001) · Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology · doi:10.1006/taap.2001.9276 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
Self-citationVayalil, P. K., Mittal, A., Hara, Y., Elmets, C. A., & Katiyar, S. K. (2004) · Journal of Investigative Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.0022-202x.2004.22622.x · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Afaq, F., Adhami, V. M., Ahmad, N., & Mukhtar, H. (2003) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1206206 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationKatiyar, S. K., & Mukhtar, H. (2001) · Journal of Leukocyte Biology · doi:10.1189/jlb.69.5.719 · Cited by 234 · see citing works
Self-citationSharma, S. D., Meeran, S. M., & Katiyar, S. K. (2007) · Molecular Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.1158/1535-7163.mct-06-0661 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
NFκB: a promising target for natural products in cancer chemoprevention
Luqman, S., & Pezzuto, J. M. (2010) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.3171 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Cyclo‐oxygenase‐2 Plays a Critical Role in UV‐induced Skin Carcinogenesis†
Rundhaug, J. E., & Fischer, S. M. (2008) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00261.x · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Epidemiology of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancer.
Geller, A., & Annas, G. D. (2003) · Seminars in Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1053/sonu.2003.50000 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Kole, L., Giri, B., Manna, S. K., Pal, B., & Ghosh, S. (2010) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.11.026 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Role of Lipid Hydroperoxides in Photo-Oxidative Stress Signaling
Girotti, A. W., & Kriska, T. (2004) · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · doi:10.1089/152308604322899369 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Gu, M., Singh, R. P., Dhanalakshmi, S., Agarwal, C., & Agarwal, R. (2007) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-06-3955 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Natural agents: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of photoprotection
Afaq, F. (2010) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2010.12.007 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Self-citationThe versatile role of MSKs in transcriptional regulation
Vermeulen, L., Berghe, W. V., Beck, I. M. E., Bosscher, K. D., & Haegeman, G. (2009) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2009.02.007 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Afaq, F., Ahmad, N., & Mukhtar, H. (2003) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207035 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citationChen, C., Sun, Y.-T., Chen, J., & Chang, Y. (2001) · Molecular Pharmacology · doi:10.1124/mol.59.3.493 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Early Events in UV Carcinogenesis—DNA Damage, Target Cells and Mutant p53 Foci<sup>†</sup>
De Gruijl, F. R., & Rebel, H. (2008) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00275.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Green tea prevents non-melanoma skin cancer by enhancing DNA repair
Katiyar, S. K. (2010) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1016/j.abb.2010.11.015 · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Shiner, M., Fuhrman, B., & Aviram, M. (2007) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.01.007 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Hong, I., Kim, Y., Jeoung, D., et al. (2005) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.2005.31 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
O’Grady, A., Dunne, C., O’Kelly, P., MURPHY, G. M., Leader, M., & Kay, E. (2007) · Histopathology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2007.02885.x · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Inflammatory Doses of UV May Not Be Necessary for Skin Carcinogenesis†
Halliday, G. M., & Lyons, J. G. (2007) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00247.x · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Afaq, F., Khan, N., Syed, D. N., & Mukhtar, H. (2010) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00815.x · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationBenjamin, C. L., Ullrich, S. E., Kripke, M. L., & Ananthaswamy, H. N. (2007) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00213.x · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Phytochemicals for Prevention of Solar Ultraviolet Radiation‐induced Damages†
Adhami, V. M., Syed, D. N., Khan, N., & Afaq, F. (2008) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00293.x · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Self-citationp38 MAP kinase plays a functional role in UVB‐Induced mouse skin carcinogenesis
Dickinson, S. E., Olson, E. R., Zhang, J. Y., Cooper, S. J., Melton, T., Criswell, P. J., Casanova, A., Dong, Z., Hu, C., Saboda, K., et al. (2011) · Molecular Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1002/mc.20734 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Zhang, G., Luo, X., Sumithran, E., et al. (2006) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1209726 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Hujanen, E., Väisänen, A., Zheng, A., et al. (1994) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.2910580422 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Primary Prevention of Skin Cancer in Children and Adolescents: A Review of the Literature
Hart, K., & DeMarco, R. F. (2008) · Journal of Pediatric Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1177/1043454208314499 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Chang, E., Kundu, J. K., Liu, L., Shin, J.-W., & Surh, Y. (2011) · Molecular Carcinogenesis · doi:10.1002/mc.20646 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Woenne, E. C., Lederle, W., Zwick, S., Palmowski, M., Krell, H. W., Semmler, W., Mueller, M. M., & Kiessling, F. M. (2010) · PubMed · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Cross‐validation of Murine UV Signal Transduction Pathways in Human Skin†
Einspahr, J. G., Bowden, G. T., Alberts, D. S., McKenzie, N. E., Saboda, K., Warneke, J. A., Salasche, S. J., Ranger‐Moore, J., Curiel‐Lewandrowski, C. N., Nagle, R. B., et al. (2008) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/j.1751-1097.2007.00287.x · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Ko, H., Kang, J., Jung, B., Kim, H., Park, S. J., Kim, K., Kang, Y., Lee, H., & Im, S. (2006) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.22450 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Bioactive Compounds for Skin Health: A Review
Michalak, M., Pierzak, M., Kręcisz, B., & Suliga, E. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13010203 · Cited by 345 · see citing works
Zhu, X., Jiang, M., Song, E., Jiang, X., & Song, Y. (2015) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.fct.2014.11.017 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Calvo‐Castro, L., Syed, D. N., Chamcheu, J. C., Vilela, F. M. P., Pérez, A. M., Vaillant, F., Rojas, M., & Mukhtar, H. (2013) · Photochemistry and Photobiology · doi:10.1111/php.12104 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Khan, N., Syed, D. N., Pal, H. C., Mukhtar, H., & Afaq, F.
- Affiliations
- University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Corresponding author
- Afaq, Farrukh
- Venue
- Photochemistry and Photobiology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-01-13
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1126-1134
- ISSN
- 0031-8655 (ISSN-L)
- 1751-1097
- PMC
- PMC3435465
- OpenAlex
- W2020211926
- Cited by
- 96
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 5.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Photochemistry and Photobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Cancer Institute (P30CA014520)
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P30AR050948)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (R21AT002429)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Pomegranate: compositions and health benefits
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Skin Protection and Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry › Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities
- Keywords
- pomegranate fruit extract, Punica granatum, UV-B radiation, skin inflammation, epidermal hyperplasia, NF-κB signaling, MAPK signaling, IκBα degradation, IKK phosphorylation, c-Jun phosphorylation, cyclooxygenase-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase, PCNA, cyclin D1, matrix metalloproteinases, oxidative stress, leukocyte infiltration, SKH-1 mice
- MeSH terms
- Administration, Oral, Animals, Epidermis, Fruit, Gene Expression Regulation, Hyperplasia, Mice, Hairless, Phosphorylation, Plant Extracts, Ultraviolet Rays, Lipid Peroxidation, Signal Transduction, Biomarkers, Matrix Metalloproteinases, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases, Lythraceae, Mice, Cyclooxygenase 2, I-kappa B Kinase, Transcription Factor RelA
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review