The pleiotropic roles of autophagy regulators in melanogenesis
Open accessAbstract
Summary: Melanin pigments protect the skin and eyes from toxic insults and are critical for the normal functioning of multiple organ systems including the skin, eyes, and brain. Biochemical and genetic studies in both human and mice have revealed the molecular machinery controlling the transcription of genes encoding enzymes that produce melanin and the trafficking of these enzymes to the melanosome, a lysosome‐related organelle dedicated to melanin synthesis. Recent functional genomic studies have identified a role for genes previously known to regulate autophagy, a cellular process that facilitates nutrient recycling during starvation, in the biogenesis of melanosomes in vitro and in vivo. In this review, we describe the pleiotropic roles of autophagy regulators in multiple vesicle trafficking processes, define a specific role for autophagy regulators in melanosome biogenesis, and shed light on how autophagy and autophagy regulators may play different roles in both the biogenesis of melanosomes and melanosome destruction.
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Melanin turnover in melanocytes and keratinocytes has been suggested to be controlled by autophagy.
“Melanin turnover in melanocytes and keratinocytes has been suggested to be controlled by autophagy [ 93 , 94 , 95 ].”
From Melanin's Journey from Melanocytes to Keratinocytes: Uncovering the Molecular Mechanisms of Melanin Transfer and Processing (2023) · cites this paper as [94]
The section “Autophagy regulators in melanosome formation and melanosome destruction” suggests that autophagy removes defective melanosomes, supporting the claim about turnover in melanocytes. Our copy does not extend that suggestion to melanin turnover in keratinocytes; a search for “keratinocytes” found no relevant passage. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Kim, J. Y., Kim, J., Ahn, Y., Lee, E. J., Hwang, S., Almurayshid, A., Park, K., Chung, H., Kim, H. J., Lee, S., et al. (2020) · Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research · doi:10.1111/pcmr.12838 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Ho, H., & Ganesan, A. K.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ganesan, Anand K.
- ORCID
- Ganesan, Anand K.
- Venue
- Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2011-08
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 595-604
- ISSN
- 1755-1471 (ISSN-L)
- 1755-148X
- OpenAlex
- W1699096659
- Cited by
- 88
- References
- 93
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 7
- FWCI
- 0.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Dermatology Foundation
- Melanoma Research Alliance
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (K08AR056001, R03AR057150)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › melanin and skin pigmentation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Physiology › Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Keywords
- autophagy regulators, melanogenesis, melanosome biogenesis, vesicle trafficking, lysosome-related organelles, melanin
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autophagy, Biological Transport, Humans, Melanins, Endosomes, Signal Transduction, Melanosomes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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