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The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Open accessAbstract
Aim: To analyse the effect of mindfulness training on levels of burnout among nurses. Background: Burnout syndrome is a common occupational hazard for nursing staff. Mindfulness training has been proposed as a valid intervention for burnout. Design: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Data sources: The CINAHL, LILACS, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scielo and Scopus databases were consulted, using the search equation ‘Nurs * AND burnout AND mindfulness’. There was no restriction on the year of publication. Review methods: Papers were selected for analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. The meta‐analysis was carried out using Review Manager 5.3 software. Results: The sample was of 17 articles including 632 nurses. Mindfulness training reduces levels of burnout, producing lower scores for emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and higher for personal accomplishment. The differences in the means were 1.32 (95% CI: −9.41–6.78), 1.91 (95% CI: −4.50–0.68) and 2.12 (95% CI: −9.91–14.14), respectively, between the intervention and control groups. Conclusion: Mindfulness training reduces the emotional burden and hence levels of burnout, among nurses. However, further randomized clinical trials are required.
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TL;DR
This systematic review and meta-analysis found that mindfulness-based interventions were generally associated with reduced burnout among nurses, especially emotional exhaustion, but the quantitative evidence was limited to two studies. The authors conclude that mindfulness training may help reduce nurse burnout, while calling for more randomized controlled trials.
Key findings
- The review included 17 articles (8 randomized controlled trials and 9 quasi-experimental studies), with a total sample of 632 nurses; most participants were women, ranging from 87% to 100% across studies.
- In all included studies, emotional exhaustion decreased after mindfulness intervention, with reported reductions of 14.32–31%; depersonalization decreased by 7–17.60% in some studies, while several others found no significant changes; total burnout scores decreased by 12–30% in three studies.
- The meta-analysis included only 2 studies, with N = 46 nurses in intervention groups and N = 44 in control groups. For emotional exhaustion, the mean difference was 1.32 (95% CI: −9.41 to 6.78), with lower values in the intervention group; for depersonalization, the mean difference was 1.91 (95% CI: −4.50 to 0.68) in favour of intervention; for personal accomplishment, the mean difference was 2.12 (95% CI: −9.91 to 14.14) in favour of intervention.
- Heterogeneity was I² = 71% for emotional exhaustion, 26% for depersonalization, and 95% for personal accomplishment.
Methods
- Systematic review and meta-analysis following PRISMA recommendations; databases searched were CINAHL, LILACS, Medline, ProQuest, PsycINFO, Scielo, and Scopus, using the search equation “Nurs* AND burnout AND mindfulness” in June 2019.
- Inclusion criteria were clinical trial or quasi-experimental study, analysis of mindfulness-based intervention impact on burnout, sample of nurses, publication in English, Spanish, French, or Portuguese, and no year restriction.
- Quality was appraised with Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels and Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool; when sufficient data were available, random-effects meta-analyses were performed for each burnout dimension using Review Manager 5.3, with heterogeneity assessed by I².
Limitations
- The authors state that very few randomized controlled trials were available, so only limited data could be meta-analysed and results should be interpreted with caution.
- The authors note heterogeneity of mindfulness approaches, including reduced session times or combined treatment approaches, which may have affected inter-study findings; they also cite limited intervention duration and follow-up, and a sample mainly composed of female nurses.
- Evident from the text: the meta-analysis included only 2 studies with small samples, confidence intervals were wide and crossed zero for all three burnout dimensions, and heterogeneity was high for emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment.
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In the paper
“In all cases, decreased levels of EE were reported following the mindfulness intervention.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The sample populations initially presented medium-high levels of EE, ranging from 42-69% (Mealer et al., 2014;Montanari et al., 2018).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Mealer et al., 2014
- Not checked yetcites Montanari et al., 2018
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In the paper
“The intervention achieved reductions in EE of 14.32-31% (to mediumlow levels) (Mackenzie et al., 2006;Mealer et al., 2014;Montanari et al., 2018;Norouzinia et al., 2017;Poulin, Mackenzie, Soloway, & Karayolas, 2008).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Mackenzie et al., 2006
- Not checked yetcites Mealer et al., 2014
- Not checked yetcites Montanari et al., 2018
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesNone of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Several authors observed medium-high initial levels of D, which after the intervention had decreased by 7-17.60% (Gauthier et al., 2015;Mealer et al., 2014;Norouzinia et al., 2017).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gauthier et al., 2015
- Not checked yetcites Mealer et al., 2014
- Not checked yetcites Norouzinia et al., 2017
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In the paper
“Two focused on oncology departments, where high levels of burnout have been reported (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016;Hevezi, 2016) and found that the intervention reduced burnout to a moderate level.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016
- Not checked yetcites Hevezi, 2016
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, for PA the difference in the means was 2.12 (95% CI: -9.91-14.14), in favour of the intervention group.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesA result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For D, the difference in the means was 1.91 (95% CI: -4.50-0.68) in favour of the intervention group.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIn the paper
“in a study that followed up outcomes over a longer period over time, the adherence fell to 12.8% (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.3 | Duration and monitoring of mindfulness interventions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“very few controlled randomized clinical trials have been conducted to compare the effectiveness of different mindfulness interventions”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4.1 | Limitations
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In the paper
“many studies, despite using the mindfulness description, have implemented variations such as reduced session times or the combination of several treatment approaches”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4.1 | Limitations
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- Probably not a substantial claim. 25
- It may state two separate claims as one. 26
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the final sample obtained for analysis was composed of 17 articles”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.1 | Characteristics of the studies included
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of the 17 articles included in the final sample, eight referred to randomized controlled trial and nine described quasi-experimental studies.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.1 | Characteristics of the studies included
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“After reading the title and abstract of each one, 631 were excluded because they did not meet the inclusion criteria or because they were duplicates.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.1 | Characteristics of the studies included
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“In total, 673 articles were found in the different databases.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.1 | Characteristics of the studies included
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In nine of the papers, a mindfulness-based intervention was compared with the results for a control group and eight studies analysed the effects of a mindfulness programme over time, with follow-up ranging from 1 month (Craigie et al., 2016;Gauthier, Meyer, Grefe, & Gold, 2015) to 13 months (Watanabe et al., 2019).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.1 | Characteristics of the studies included
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Craigie et al., 2016
- Not checked yetcites Gauthier et al., 2015
- Not checked yetcites Watanabe et al., 2019
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Among the studies included in our review, four analysed the influence of MBSR on specific hospital units.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The same pattern of results was observed for nurses working in intensive care units (Gauthier et al., 2015;Mealer et al., 2014), where the mindfulness training reduced levels of burnout, enhanced satisfaction and fostered positive cognitive retraining (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Gauthier et al., 2015
- Not checked yetcites Mealer et al., 2014
- Not checked yetcites Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“However, other authors observed medium-low levels for this parameter, with no significant changes following the intervention (Cohen-Katz et al., 2005;Mackenzie et al., 2006;Montanari et al., 2018;Poulin et al., 2008;Watanabe et al., 2019).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Cohen-Katz et al., 2005
- Not checked yetcites Mackenzie et al., 2006
- Not checked yetcites Montanari et al., 2018
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Mealer et al. (2014) reported low levels of PA (77%) pre-intervention; however, other authors observed moderate levels for this parameter (Mackenzie et al., 2006;Norouzinia et al., 2017;Poulin et al., 2008).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.2 | The effectiveness of mindfulness training in reducing burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Mealer et al., 2014
- Not checked yetcites Mackenzie et al., 2006
- Not checked yetcites Norouzinia et al., 2017
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Six papers (Bazarko et al., 2013;Ceravolo & Raines, 2018;Cohen-Katz et al., 2005;Delaney, 2018;Norouzinia et al., 2017;Poulin et al., 2008) analysed outcomes achieved under the traditional MBSR approach, with a total duration of 8 weeks.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.3 | Duration and monitoring of mindfulness interventions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Bazarko et al., 2013
- Not checked yetcites Ceravolo & Raines, 2018
- Not checked yetcites Cohen-Katz et al., 2005
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Several authors (Craigie et al., 2016;Dos Santos et al., 2016;Slatyer et al., 2018) showed that a brief intervention can be effective, reducing burnout and maintaining the positive outcome”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.3 | Duration and monitoring of mindfulness interventions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Craigie et al., 2016
- Not checked yetcites Dos Santos et al., 2016
- Not checked yetcites Slatyer et al., 2018
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Before the intervention, the nurses in each of the study populations considered showed high levels of burnout.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
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A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For EE, the difference in the means was 1.32 (95% CI: -9.41-6.78),with lower mean values in the intervention group.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
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In the paper
“Two of the studies of mindfulness-based interventions (Mackenzie et al., 2006;Norouzinia et al., 2017) provided the data necessary to perform a statistical analysis of possible bias (see Figure 2).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Mackenzie et al., 2006
- Not checked yetcites Norouzinia et al., 2017
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Regarding the duration of the benefits obtained, some authors observed no significant changes or even reported an increase in the postintervention burnout score.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
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In the paper
“The other studies of MBSR used shorter versions, lasting 6 weeks (Dos Santos et al.,”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.3 | Duration and monitoring of mindfulness interventions
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Dos Santos et al., 2016
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Regarding heterogeneity, the I 2 results were 71% for EE, 26% for D and 95% for PA.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The total sample of nurses was N = 46 for the intervention group and N = 44 for the control group.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 3.4 | Meta-analysis of the effect size of the mindfulness intervention in reducing the impact of burnout
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedn = 46Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, some studies of workers in these departments have observed no changes in burnout levels, or improvements only in EE but not in D or PA, possibly due to the high initial levels of burnout experienced (Moody et al., 2013).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Moody et al., 2013
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“However, the studies in question (Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016;Wong, Teng, Chee, Doshi, & Lim, 2018) reported high dropout rates, a pattern that has been repeated in other studies of healthcare workers (De Vibe et al., 2018;Shapiro, Astin, Bishop, & Cordova, 2005).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Duarte & Pinto-Gouveia, 2016
- Not checked yetcites Wong et al., 2018
- Not checked yetcites De Vibe et al., 2018
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Another question is that of the limited duration of the intervention and of the time allowed for follow-up”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4.1 | Limitations
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Montanari et al. (2018) reported that the moderate levels of PA in their sample remained unchanged after mindfulness training, thus corroborating the earlier findings of Norouzinia et al. (2017) and Watanabe et al. (2019)”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 5 | CON CLUS ION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Montanari et al. (2018)
- Not checked yetcites Norouzinia et al. (2017)
- Not checked yetcites Watanabe et al. (2019)
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The remaining studies addressed in our review are quasi-experimental in nature, lacking randomization”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 5 | CON CLUS ION
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The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Follow-up studies of nurses' adherence to the programme recorded rates of 60-100% in the short term”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 5 | CON CLUS ION
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None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Their positive effect has also been demonstrated in studies with nurses, although the types of intervention vary and different effect sizes have been reported (Dos Santos et al., 2016;Slatyer, Craigie, Heritage, Davis, & Rees, 2018).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 1.1 | Background
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Dos Santos et al., 2016
- Not checked yetcites Slatyer et al., 2018
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“No study was excluded, all articles reached a quality level according to quality assessment tools.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.5 | Quality appraisal
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The degree of their agreement on this coding was tested by Cohen's kappa and the intraclass correlation coefficient.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.6 | Data abstraction
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In the paper
“The studies were classified by level of evidence in accordance with the recommendations of the Oxford Center for Evidence-based Medicine (OCEBM) (Howick et al., 2011).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.5 | Quality appraisal
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Howick et al., 2011
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The data were recorded using a data coding manual, by two researchers working independently.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.6 | Data abstraction
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Heterogeneity of the sample was assessed by the I 2 index.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.7 | Synthesis
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In the paper
“The risk of bias was analysed by pairs of independent reviewers using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias tool (Higgins & Green, 2011).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.5 | Quality appraisal
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Higgins & Green, 2011
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The process was carried out by two investigators working independently and a third was consulted if any disagreement arose.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 2.4 | Search outcomes
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“In every case, the mindfulness programme produced a reduction in burnout among these nurses, to a degree comparable with that reported in similar studies focused on physicians and other healthcare personnel (Braun et al., 2019;Fortney, Luchterband, Zakletskaia, Zgierska, & Rakel, 2013).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Braun et al., 2019
- Not checked yetcites Fortney et al., 2013
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Regarding the individual dimensions of burnout, EE scores were reduced by the intervention (Duchemin, Steinberg, Marks, Vanover, & Klatt, 2015;Steinberg, Klatt, & Duchemin, 2017) and those for PA increased.However, no significant changes were observed in D (Sallon, Katz-Eisner, Yaffe, & Bdolah-Abram, 2017;Verweij, van Ravesteijn, van Hooff, Lagro-Janssen, & Speckens, 2018).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Duchemin et al., 2015
- Not checked yetcites Steinberg et al., 2017
- Not checked yetcites Sallon et al., 2017
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“This outcome may be due to low adherence by the nurses taking part in the studies, since regular training is known to maintain low levels of burnout.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Rests on an assumption: Regular training maintains low levels of burnout.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Mindfulness training for nurses also enhances positive cognitive retraining (Luberto et al., 2017), an outcome that has been corroborated by studies of brain images, which have shown that mindfulness training produces increases in brain activity, associated with positive moods and the regulation of emotions (Guillaumie, Boiral, & Champagne, 2017;Huang et al., 2019;Young et al., 2018).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Guillaumie et al., 2017
- Not checked yetcites Huang et al., 2019
- Not checked yetcites Young et al., 2018
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Some researchers have even observed improvements in reactions to posttraumatic situations (Meyer et al., 2018;O'Mahony, Gerhart, Grosse, Abrams, & Levy, 2016) and even positive effects on stress biomarkers such as reduction in cortisol salivary cortisol levels (Veiga et al., 2019).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Meyer et al., 2018
- Not checked yetcites O'Mahony et al., 2016
- Not checked yetcites Veiga et al., 2019
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Nevertheless, in line with some of our review findings, other authors have observed persistent improvements, lasting up to 12 months postintervention, with a reduction of 8.2% in burnout scores (Askey-Jones, 2018; Fortney et al., 2013;Lebares et al., 2018;Martín-Asuero & García-Banda, 2010;Steinberg et al., 2017).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Askey-Jones, 2018
- Not checked yetcites Fortney et al., 2013
- Not checked yetcites Lebares et al., 2018
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The regulation of burnout levels has been associated with adherence to mindfulness training and with perseverance, which are considered to be complementary forces (Sallon et al., 2017).”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Sallon et al., 2017
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:correlational· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Thus, studies have highlighted the long-term beneficial effects that these resources have produced in individuals suffering from pathologies such as fibromyalgia (Andrés-Rodríguez et al., 2019), cancer (Zhang, Zhao, & Zheng, 2019), mental disorders (Hedman-Lagerlöf, Hedman-Lagerlöf, & Öst, 2018; Rupp, Jürgens, Doebler andor, & Buhlmann, 2019), stress (Gawrysiak et al., 2018) and insomnia (Wang et”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Andrés-Rodríguez et al., 2019
- Not checked yetcites Zhang et al., 2019
- Not checked yetcites Hedman-Lagerlöf et al., 2018
Strength:boosted· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These results may have a positive impact for well-being and quality of life in nurses and also for the quality care.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > Impact
Strength:hedged· not yet calibratedCausal:conditional· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Although mindfulness interventions have shown effectiveness in reducing burnout syndrome among nurses, there is still a limitation in knowing for which aspect is more effective like, for example, improving patient care, develop of enhanced awareness, sense of pleasure of the moment, changes in the personality of the conductor or increased curiosity and hope for the new (Hemanth & Fisher, 2015;”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 4 | D ISCUSS I ON
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Hemanth & Fisher, 2015
- Not checked yetcites Hunter, 2019
- Not checked yetcites Irving et al., 2014
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Mindfulness, through body-mind training, allows workers to address and overcome situations of severe emotional impact.”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > Impact
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✗ Checkable: fails✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. It may be too vague to check against evidence. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
In the paper
“following the recommendations of the PRISMA statement (Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, & Altman, 2009)”
§ The effect of mindfulness training on burnout syndrome in nursing: A systematic review and meta-analysis > 5 | CON CLUS ION
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites Moher, Liberati, Tetzlaff, & Altman, 2009
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✓ Based: passesProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
The paper relies on this without support.
Regular training maintains low levels of burnout.
“since regular training is known to maintain low levels of burnout.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The outcome measures of burnout used in the included studies are comparable enough to pool in meta-analysis.
“When sufficient statistical data were available, three meta-analyses were performed of random effects, one for each dimension of burnout syndrome.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The mindfulness interventions in the included studies are comparable enough to combine in meta-analysis.
“Two of the studies of mindfulness-based interventions (Mackenzie et al., 2006;Norouzinia et al., 2017) provided the data necessary to perform a statistical analysis of possible bias (see Figure 2).”
The paper relies on this without support.
The two studies included in the meta-analysis are representative of the effect of mindfulness on burnout in nurses.
“The total sample of nurses was N = 46 for the intervention group and N = 44 for the control group.”
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Mindfulness-based training is effective in reducing burnout not only in nurses [29] but also in other health care professionals [30,31].”
From Development of an artificial intelligence-based tailored mobile intervention for nurse burnout: single-arm trial (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“This is interesting considering that the most researched program for nurse burnout is mindfulness meditation [29].”
From Development of an artificial intelligence-based tailored mobile intervention for nurse burnout: single-arm trial (2024) · cites this paper as [29]
In the citing paper
“They are indicated as therapeutic interventions with scientific evidence for reducing burnout, regulating emotions, improving emotional resilience, and reducing depression among nurses and other HP [5,6,7].”
From The Impact of an Online Mindfulness-Based Practice Program on the Mental Health of Brazilian Nurses during the COVID-19 Pandemic (2023) · cites this paper as [7]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Claim that EE decreased in every case conflicts with Mealer table
MinorThe Mealer intervention group's EE value rises from 9 before intervention to 13.0 after intervention, contrary to the statement that EE decreased in all cases.
“In all cases, decreased levels of EE were reported following the mindfulness intervention.”
“EE: CG: 10.0 (7-15) IG: 9 (5-16) D: CG: 12 (7-13) IG: 12 (7-13) PA: CG: 12 (11-13) IG: 11 (10-13) M (25th-75th quartiles) EE: CG: 25.0 (13-28) IG: 13.0 (8-28)”
Delaney is counted as an MBSR study despite its MBSCR classification
MinorThe text includes Delaney among six studies using the traditional MBSR approach, but Table 1 classifies its programme as MBSCR.
“Six papers (Bazarko et al., 2013;Ceravolo & Raines, 2018;Cohen-Katz et al., 2005;Delaney, 2018;Norouzinia et al., 2017;Poulin et al., 2008) analysed outcomes achieved under the traditional MBSR approach”
“Delaney (2018) Ireland Quasi-experimental n = 13 nurses, 100% female, 44 years MBSCR/ProQOL”
Citations
Cites
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Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: The PRISMA Statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & The PRISMA Group (2009) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097 · Cited by 64,042
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
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The measurement of experienced burnout
Maslach, C., & Jackson, S. E. (1981) · Journal of Organizational Behavior · doi:10.1002/job.4030020205 · Cited by 14,496 · cited 1×
“Burnout syndrome arises from chronic exposure to stress-provoking factors and is characterized by three dimensions: emotional exhaustion (EE); depersonalization (D); and low personal accomplishment (PA) (Maslach & Jackson, 1981).”
BackgroundMaslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397 · Cited by 12,852
Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future
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Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future.
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“…available at https://publo ns.com/publo n/10.1111/jan.14318. impact on physical and mental health (Bagheri Hosseinabadi et al., 2019; McVicar, 2016; Salvagioni et al., 2017), decreases productivity and quality of care (Cañadas-De la Fuente et al., 2018; Daigle, Talbot, & French, 2018; Dall'Ora,…”
BackgroundInfluential
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Howick J. Chalmers I. Glasziou P. Greenhalg T. Heneghan C. Liberati A. Thornton H.(2011).The Oxford 2011 Levels of Evidence[updated June 2019]. Available fromhttps://www.cebm.net/2016/05/ocebm‐levels‐of‐evidence.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Mindfulness-based interventions: an overall review
Zhang, D., Lee, E. K. P., Mak, E. C. W., Ho, C. Y., & Wong, S. Y. S. (2021) · British Medical Bulletin · doi:10.1093/bmb/ldab005 · Cited by 668
“reducing depression and burnout and improving emotional resilience.(76,77) However,”
BackgroundGalante, J., Friedrich, C., Dawson, A. F., Modrego-Alarcón, M., Gebbing, P., Delgado-Suárez, I., Gupta, R., Dean, L., Dalgleish, T., White, I. R., et al. (2021) · PLOS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1003481 · Cited by 319
Ramírez-Elvira, S., Romero-Béjar, J. L., Suleiman-Martos, N., Gómez-Urquiza, J. L., Monsalve-Reyes, C., Cañadas-De la Fuente, G. A., & Albendín-García, L. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph182111432 · Cited by 267
“Thus, it is essential to provide interventions to improve mental health and promote coping strategies [52,53].”
BackgroundSelf-citationPicón, N. J., Romero‐Martín, M., Ponce‐Blandón, J. A., Ramírez‐Baena, L., Palomo-Lara, J. C., & Gómez-Salgado, J. C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18105491 · Cited by 216
“There is evidence of the impact and effectiveness of mindfulness for healthcare professionals, resulting in the reduction of stress and the promotion of self-compassion and self-care [32–35], the reduction of emotional exhaustion and the incidence of burnout [36,37], the improvement of wellbeing and mental health, and…”
BackgroundResultBurnout among healthcare providers during COVID-19: Challenges and evidence-based interventions
Sultana, A., Sharma, R., Hossain, M. M., Bhattacharya, S., & Purohit, N. (2020) · Indian Journal of Medical Ethics · doi:10.20529/ijme.2020.73 · Cited by 156
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Burnout phenomenon: neurophysiological factors, clinical features, and aspects of management
Khammissa, R. A. G., Nemutandani, S. M., Feller, G., Lemmer, J., & Feller, L. (2022) · Journal of International Medical Research · doi:10.1177/03000605221106428 · Cited by 182
Sulosaari, V., Ünal, E., & Çınar, F. İ. (2022) · Applied Nursing Research · doi:10.1016/j.apnr.2022.151565 · Cited by 136
Ramachandran, H. J., Bin Mahmud, M. S., Rajendran, P., Jiang, Y., Cheng, L., & Wang, W. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.16265 · Cited by 107
Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., Albendín‐García, L., Velando‐Soriano, A., Ortega‐Campos, E., Ramírez‐Baena, L., Membrive‐Jiménez, M. J., & Suleiman‐Martos, N. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17207672 · Cited by 105
“Regarding the clinical application of the results, it should be noticed that, for those nurses that have burnout, it is important to implement some intervention that have proven benefit for burnout like mindfulness [55].”
BackgroundSelf-citationInterventions to reduce burnout among clinical nurses: systematic review and meta-analysis
Lee, M., & Cha, C. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-38169-8 · Cited by 84
Prevalence, Related Factors, and Levels of Burnout Among Midwives: A Systematic Review
Albendín‐García, L., Suleiman‐Martos, N., la Fuente, G. A. C., Ramírez‐Baena, L., Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., & Fuente-Solana, E. I. D. L. (2021) · Journal of Midwifery & Women s Health · doi:10.1111/jmwh.13186 · Cited by 83
Self-citationWang, Q., Wang, F., Zhang, S., Liu, C., Feng, Y., & Chen, J. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1218340 · Cited by 89
“Several studies (10, 23, 24) have reported that mindfulness training is an effective method for reducing burnout levels.”
BackgroundPérez, V., Menéndez-Crispín, E. J., Sarabia-Cobo, C., de Lorena, P., Fernández-Rodríguez, A., & González-Vaca, J. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph191811441 · Cited by 77
“These results are of great importance because they suggest that decreasing compassion fatigue and burnout may prevent emotional problems and symptomatology [36,68].”
BackgroundReclaiming Self-care: Self-care as a Social Justice Tool for Black Wellness
Wyatt, J. P., & Ampadu, G. G. (2021) · Community Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1007/s10597-021-00884-9 · Cited by 91
“Practicing mindfulness, such as meditation, is a self-care behavior in itself and has been demonstrated to reduce stress (Grossman et al., 2004; Janssen et al., 2018; Shapiro et al., 2007; Suleiman-Martos et al., 2020).”
BackgroundSi̇s Çeli̇k, A., & Kılınç, T. (2022) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101637 · Cited by 68
Mindfulness-based programmes to reduce stress and enhance well-being at work: a realist review
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Interventions to reduce burnout in students: A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Burnout Syndrome in Paediatric Nurses: A Multi-Centre Study
Fuente-Solana, E. I. D. L., Pradas‐Hernández, L., González-Fernández, C. T., Velando‐Soriano, A., Martos-Cabrera, M. B., Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., & la Fuente, G. A. C. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph18031324 · Cited by 55
“The results obtained in the present study highlight the importance of implementing strategies and interventions at an early stage in order to protect workers from burnout [51,52], through greater social support or initiatives focused on mindfulness [47,53].”
BackgroundBurnout and coping among healthcare providers working in Saudi Arabia during the COVID-19 pandemic
Aljhani, S., Alharbi, H. Y., Aljameli, S. M., Hameed, L. N., Alaql, K. B., & Alsulaimi, M. S. (2021) · Middle East Current Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s43045-021-00108-6 · Cited by 59
Resilience Training for Nurses
Zhai, X., Ren, L.-N., Liu, Y., Liu, C.-J., Su, X.-G., & Feng, B.-E. (2021) · Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing · doi:10.1097/njh.0000000000000791 · Cited by 53
“A meta-analysis has also found that the mindfulness training of nurses reduced burnout, emotional exhaustion, and depersonalization in nurses.(48) It is also suggested that resilience training programs with context for mental health and designs for stratification of different nursing roles and experience status should…”
BackgroundIdentifying Key Antecedents of Quiet Quitting Among Nurses: A Cross‐Profession Meta‐Analytic Review
Geng, R., Geng, X., & Geng, S. (2025) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16934 · Cited by 63
Waddell, A., Kunstler, B., Lennox, A., Pattuwage, L., Grundy, E. A. C., Tsering, D., Olivier, P. L., & Bragge, P. (2023) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.4087 · Cited by 70
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“Indeed, interventions aimed at increasing psychological flexibility may even prevent the development of burnout syndrome [36,37].”
BackgroundPrevalence and levels of burnout in nursing students: A systematic review with meta-analysis
Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., Velando‐Soriano, A., Membrive‐Jiménez, M. J., Ramírez‐Baena, L., Aguayo‐Estremera, R., Ortega‐Campos, E., & la Fuente, G. A. C. (2023) · Nurse Education in Practice · doi:10.1016/j.nepr.2023.103753 · Cited by 62
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Martínez‐Rubio, D., Martínez‐Brotons, C., Monreal‐Bartolomé, A., Barceló‐Soler, A., Campos, D., Pérez‐Aranda, A., Colomer‐Carbonell, A., Cervera‐Torres, S., Solé, S., Moreno, Y., et al. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14870 · Cited by 42
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Job Demands, Resources, and Burnout in Social Workers in China: Mediation Effect of Mindfulness
Huang, C., Xie, X., Cheung, S., Zhou, Y., & Ying, G. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph181910526 · Cited by 54
Othman, S. Y., Hassan, N. I., & Mohamed, A. M. (2023) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-023-01466-8 · Cited by 40
“Numerous clinical studies have revealed that mindfulness and compassion interventions can reduce emotional distress and burnout among CCNs [36, 44, 45].”
BackgroundBégin, C., Berthod, J., Martinez, L. Z., & Truchon, M. (2022) · Journal of Technology in Behavioral Science · doi:10.1007/s41347-022-00267-1 · Cited by 41
“Several studies support the use of mindfulness in preventing or reducing symptoms of burnout (Ancona & Mendelson, 2014; Asuero et al., 2014; Flook et al., 2013; Luken & Sammons, 2016; Mackenzie et al., 2006; Suleiman-Martos et al., 2020; Trowbridge & Mische Lawson, 2016; Xie et al., 2020) and/or document its positive…”
BackgroundWang, Z., Wu, P., Hou, Y., Guo, J., & Lin, C. (2024) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-024-18938-4 · Cited by 47
Gherardi-Donato, E. C. D. S., Díaz-Serrano, K. V., Barbosa, M. R., Fernandes, M. N. D. F., Gonçalves-Ferri, W. A., Camargo Júnior, E. B., & Reisdorfer, E. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20043666 · Cited by 37
Exploring the Relationship Between Perceived Visual Access to Nature and Nurse Burnout
Mihandoust, S., Pati, D., Lee, J., & Roney, J. K. (2021) · HERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal · doi:10.1177/1937586721996302 · Cited by 38
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An Integrative Review on the Research Progress of Mindfulness and Its Implications at the Workplace
Panditharathne, P. N. K. W., & Chen, Z. (2021) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su132413852 · Cited by 50
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Evolution and Treatment of Academic Burnout in Nursing Students: A Systematic Review
Gómez‐Urquiza, J. L., Velando‐Soriano, A., Martos-Cabrera, M. B., Cañadas, G. R., Albendín‐García, L., la Fuente, G. A. C., & Aguayo‐Estremera, R. (2023) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare11081081 · Cited by 34
Self-citationSmith, R. S., Persich, M. R., Chuning, A. E., Cloonan, S., Woods‐Lubbert, R., Skalamera, J., Berryhill, S. M., Weihs, K. L., Lane, R. D., Allen, J. J. B., et al. (2023) · Emotion · doi:10.1037/emo0001237 · Cited by 50
Meta approaches in knowledge synthesis in nursing: A bibliometric analysis
Kokol, P. (2021) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2021.02.006 · Cited by 49
Sawyer, A. T., Tao, H., & Bailey, A. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20116035 · Cited by 39
Dou, J., Lian, Y., Lin, L., Asmuri, S. N., Wang, P., & Durai, R. A. P. R. (2025) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-025-03101-0 · Cited by 52
Enhancing Respiratory Therapists' Well-Being: Battling Burnout in Respiratory Care
Miller, A. G., Burr, K. L., Juby, J. G., Hinkson, C. R., Hoerr, C. A., Roberts, K. J., Smith, B. J., Strickland, S. L., & Rehder, K. J. (2022) · Respiratory Care · doi:10.4187/respcare.10632 · Cited by 35
“117 Mindfulness and meditation training has been studied extensively and has been shown to reduce burnout among nurses and physicians 118,119 A recent study of first-year residents found that mindfulness training resulted in increased awareness of mindfulness activities but did not impact burnout…”
AI‐Assisted Tailored Intervention for Nurse Burnout: A Three‐Group Randomized Controlled Trial
Baek, G., & Cha, C. (2025) · Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing · doi:10.1111/wvn.70003 · Cited by 30
Effectiveness of Individual-Based Strategies to Reduce Nurse Burnout: An Umbrella Review
Hsu, H., Lee, H., Hung, H., Chen, Y., Yen, M., Chiang, H., Chow, L., Fetzer, S. J., & Mu, P. (2024) · Journal of Nursing Management · doi:10.1155/2024/8544725 · Cited by 43
Xie, X., Huang, C., Cheung, S., Zhou, Y., & Fang, J. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.741563 · Cited by 39
Cho, A., Cha, C., & Baek, G. (2024) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/54029 · Cited by 29
“This is interesting considering that the most researched program for nurse burnout is mindfulness meditation [29].”
Semerci, R., Öztürk, G., Kostak, M. A., Elmas, S., Danacı, A. İ., & Musbeg, S. (2020) · Perspectives In Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12681 · Cited by 32
Liu, B., Zhao, H., & Lu, Q. (2021) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.14929 · Cited by 26
Pratt, E. H., Hall, L., Jennings, C., Olsen, M. K., Jan, A., Parish, A., Porter, L. S., & Cox, C. E. (2023) · Annals of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/annalsats.202301-025oc · Cited by 26
Riddell, K., Bignell, L., Bourne, D., Boyd, L., Crowe, S., Cucanic, S., Flynn, M., Gillan, K., Heinjus, D., Mathieson, J., et al. (2022) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.15186 · Cited by 25
Shoker, D., Desmet, L., Ledoux, N., & Héron, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1381373 · Cited by 25
Tu, B., Luo, X., Sitar, S., & Huang, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.908921 · Cited by 32
Effects of psychological intervention on empathy fatigue in nurses: A meta-analysis
Chen, X., Chen, M., Zheng, H., Wang, C., Chen, H., Wu, Q., Liao, H., Zhu, J., Lin, J., Ou, X., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.952932 · Cited by 25
“The psychological intervention of the empathy fatigue of nursing staff mostly adopts mindfulness therapy, and systematic evaluation shows that this can improve the symptoms of job burnout, anxiety and stress of medical staff, and enhance empathy and concentration (19, 20).”
BackgroundLiao, T., Liu, Y., Luo, W., Duan, Z., Zhan, K., Lu, H., & Chen, X. (2024) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1343293 · Cited by 23
Eder, L. L., & Meyer, B. M. (2021) · International Journal of Nursing Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.ijnss.2021.12.001 · Cited by 22
“However, for less self-care [61,62] and low self-worth [60], previous research found negative influences on mental health, but a more detailed examination in the context of self-endangering has not yet been investigated.”
ResultAbu‐Horirrah, H. A., Rayan, A., Eshah, N. F., ALBashtawy, M. S., & Masa’Deh, R. (2022) · Nursing Forum · doi:10.1111/nuf.12828 · Cited by 22
“Research has shown that the aptitude to be non‐judgmental, self‐ compassionate, sensitive, and regardful toward oneself may be an important hindering factor of compassion fatigue among nurses.(15,16) Therefore, mindfulness may be an appropriate target variable to alleviate the overwhelming burden of caring for COVID‐1…”
BackgroundYang, J.-M., Ye, H., Long, Y., Zhu, Q., Huang, H., Zhong, Y.-B., Luo, Y., Yang, L., & Wang, M.-Y. (2023) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/44000 · Cited by 22
“It is also suitable for different social groups, such as students [52], pregnant women [53], patients with cancer [54], and health care workers [55,56].”
Zaręba, K. T., Banasiewicz, J., Rozenek, H., Ciebiera, M., & Jakiel, G. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17082776 · Cited by 21
“A systematic review analysis demonstrated that mindfulness training reduced the levels of burnout [39,40].”
BackgroundStrout, K. A., Schwartz‐Mette, R. A., McNamara, J., Parsons, K., Walsh, D., Bonnet, J., O’Brien, L. M., Robinson, K. N., Sibley, S., Smith, A. K., et al. (2023) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/49020 · Cited by 21
Implementing Brief Mindfulness-Based Interventions to Reduce Compassion Fatigue
Tripathi, S. K., & Mulkey, D. C. (2023) · Critical Care Nurse · doi:10.4037/ccn2023745 · Cited by 24
Almeida‐Meza, P., Ledden, S., Dempsey, B., Smith, A. C., Croak, B., Bhundia, R., Lamb, D., Malik, A., Raine, R., Redlich, C., et al. (2025) · The Lancet Regional Health - Europe · doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2025.101463 · Cited by 25
“100 Furthermore, two Cochrane reviews (44 and 117 randomised control trials each) found that resilience training improved resilience and reduced depression and stress but had no effect on anxiety symptoms or wellbeing.”
Knudsen, R. K., Gregersen, T. A., Ammentorp, J., Tousig, C. G., & Timmermann, C. (2020) · Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences · doi:10.1111/scs.12906 · Cited by 18
“Several reviews show that healthcare professionals who participated in amindfulness course reported less stress, anxiety and burnout (2, 5, 6) as well as greater empathy (2, 4).”
BackgroundMethodGan, R., Xue, J., & Chen, S. (2023) · Mindfulness · doi:10.1007/s12671-023-02092-w · Cited by 19
“For instance, a systematic review and meta-analysis including 17 articles of 632 nurses revealed that mindfulness training could effectively reduce the level of burnout, generating lower scores in emotional exhaustion and depersonalization and higher scores in personal accomplishment (Suleiman-Martos et al., 2020).”
BackgroundJob Demands and Resources, Mindfulness, and Burnout Among Delivery Drivers in China
Zhang, C., Cheung, S., & Huang, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.792254 · Cited by 25
Person-directed burnout intervention for nurses: A systematic review of psychoeducational approaches
Sharin, I. A., Jinah, N., Bakit, P. A., Adnan, I. K., Zakaria, N. H. B., Subki, S. Z. A., Zakaria, N., & Lee, K. Y. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0322282 · Cited by 21
“To the best of our knowledge, most systematic reviews of person-directed interventions focused exclusively on mindfulness training [25,26].”
The Social Ecology of Burnout: A framework for research on nurse practitioner burnout
de Lisser, R., Lauderdale, J. L., Dietrich, M. S., Ramanujam, R., & Stolldorf, D. P. (2024) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2024.102188 · Cited by 21
Psychoeducational Burnout Intervention for Nurses: Protocol for a Systematic Review
Sharin, I. A., Jinah, N., Bakit, P. A., Adnan, I. K., Zakaria, N. H., Mohmad, S., Subki, S. Z. A., Zakaria, N., & Lee, K. Y. (2024) · JMIR Research Protocols · doi:10.2196/58692 · Cited by 16
“…review will examine a wider range of psychoeducational burnout interventions, including but not limited to mindfulness training, in contrast to the reviews by Suleiman-Martos et al [34] and Sulosaari et al [35], both of which focused on the effects of mindfulness training on burnout among nurses.”
A network analysis of self‐compassion and burnout in a sample of nurses
Liu, C., Ying, Z., Luo, Q., Song, L., Xiao, J., Tan, W., Miao, C., & Smith, G. D. (2024) · Journal of Advanced Nursing · doi:10.1111/jan.16333 · Cited by 19
Deng, G., Huang, C., Cheung, S., & Zhang, C. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.790064 · Cited by 14
Predictors of job burnout among Chinese nurses: a systematic review based on big data analysis
Xia, M., Wang, J., Bi, D., He, C., Mao, H., Liu, X., Feng, L., Luo, J., Huang, F., Nordin, R. B., et al. (2023) · Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews · doi:10.1080/02648725.2023.2168910 · Cited by 14
Diagnosing problems, prescribing solutions, and advancing athlete burnout research
Madigan, D. J. (2021) · Society for Transparency, Openness, and Replication in Kinesiology eBooks · doi:10.51224/b1028 · Cited by 15
“the present, rather than ruminating about the past or worrying about the future and has a growing body of evidence supporting its use in relation to reducing stress and burnout (Suleiman-Martos et al., 2020).”
BackgroundLuo, L., Peng, X., Hou, J., Xie, Y., Dong, H., Peng, S., Ma, G., & Zhang, J. (2023) · Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.1002/1348-9585.12398 · Cited by 13
dos Santos, T. M., Balsanelli, A. P., & de Souza, K. M. J. (2024) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.6548.4101 · Cited by 15
Christopher, M., Bowen, S. W., Witkiewitz, K. A., Grupe, D. W., Goerling, R. J., Hunsinger, M., Oken, B., Korecki, J. R., & Rosenbaum, N. A. (2024) · BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies · doi:10.1186/s12906-024-04452-y · Cited by 15
“…violent behavior and aggression [40, 41] and improves common LEO health and risk factors, including perceived stress [42–44], depression and suicidal ideation [45, 46], at-risk alcohol use [47, 48], trauma symptoms [49, 50], and burnout [51, 52], and increases psychological resilience [53, 54].”
BackgroundSharma, R., Sultana, A., Bhattacharya, S., Hossain, M. M., & Purohit, N. (2022) · SocArXiv (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31235/osf.io/4hxga · Cited by 67
Schwartz‐Mette, R. A., Sapp, M., & Strout, K. A. (2025) · Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing · doi:10.1111/wvn.70031 · Cited by 11
Zhang, Y., Sun, J., Wu, C., Fei, Y., Hu, W., & Lang, H. (2024) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-024-11437-7 · Cited by 14
“…relaxation (MR), and biofeedback techniques (BT), combine physical movements, deep breathing, and mind-based practice in a specific pattern [30, 31]; this has been proven to be a clear strategy to relieve stress and facilitate adaptation to extreme environments among HCWs in recent years [32, 33].”
BackgroundDo emotional demands and exhaustion affect work engagement? The mediating role of mindfulness
Kaplan, M. K., Bozkurt, G., Aksu, B. Ç., Bozkurt, S., Günsel, A., & ÇELİK, G. G. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1432328 · Cited by 13
Burnout and the Brain—A Mechanistic Review of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) Studies
Chmiel, J., & Kurpas, D. (2025) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms26178379 · Cited by 15
Kranenburg, L. W., Gillis, J., Mayer, B., & Hoogendijk, W. J. G. (2021) · JMIR Mental Health · doi:10.2196/32123 · Cited by 12
“This finding is in line with other studies that reported that mindfulness interventions are related to a reduction of emotional exhaustion, both in health care professionals [45,46] and other employees [47].”
Design of a mindfulness-based intervention to support teachers’ emotional regulation behaviors
Kennedy, D., Haley, A. C., & Evans, R. (2022) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-022-02696-w · Cited by 15
“, 2019) across professions (Chin et al., 2019; Donaldson-Feilder et al., 2019; Kriakous et al., 2021; Suleiman-Martos et al., 2020; Trombka et al., 2021) and globally (Charoensukmongkol, 2016; Charoensukmongkol & Puyod, 2020; Charoensukmongkol & Suthatorn, 2018).”
Du, Y., Qiao, L., Dong, L., Wan, C., Yang, X., & Liu, H. (2024) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-024-05700-y · Cited by 12
“Residency is a formative experience, and residents often practice in the way they are trained [47].”
BackgroundGan, R., Xue, J., & Chen, S. (2023) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2023.2177686 · Cited by 12
Health-related quality of life in Chinese medical staff: a latent profile analysis
Huang, J., Zhu, J., Ruan, Y., Zhou, H., Guo, W., & Dong, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2023.1183483 · Cited by 11
“For instance, mindfulness reduces the emotional burden on the nurse, which in turn reduces the level of burnout (46).”
BackgroundMindfulness training in healthcare professions: A scoping review of systematic reviews
Kajee, N., Montero‐Marín, J., Saunders, K., Myall, K., Harriss, E., & Kuyken, W. (2024) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.15293 · Cited by 14
“The literature in the area argues for a ‘ two-handed ’ approach, in supporting the micro-, meso-and macro-level challenges 91 faced by HCPs. 75,76,83 Future studies evaluating the extent to which individual and group-delivered mindfulness-based interventions influence the clinical ‘ climate ’ are…”
ResultWampole, D. M., & Bressi, S. (2020) · Social Work in Health Care · doi:10.1080/00981389.2020.1827123 · Cited by 10
The effect of a mindfulness intervention (MI) on sleep disturbance (SD) among nurses
Hayajneh, A. A., Al-Younis, M. O., & Rababa, M. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55748-5 · Cited by 10
“The results showed that the implementation of the MI significantly reduced levels of SD similar to the results of other studies that explored the values and benefits of mindfulness-based interventions for healthcare professionals 28–30 .”
BackgroundResultZheng, J., Hong, H., Wang, N., Sun, J., & Xu, X. (2025) · Health Care Analysis · doi:10.1007/s10728-025-00523-4 · Cited by 13
“Furthermore, it enhances emotional health in healthcare settings [82].”
Zerden, L. D. S., Lombardi, B. M., Richman, E. L., & Forte, A. (2022) · Journal of Health and Human Services Administration · doi:10.37808/jhhsa.44.4.3 · Cited by 9
“Likewise, a systematic review consisting of 17 articles described how mindfulness trainings were an effective intervention to reduce levels of burnout and emotional exhaustion among nurses (Suleiman - Martos et al., 2020).”
BackgroundTu, B., Huang, C., Sitar, S., & Wang, Y. (2023) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph20031764 · Cited by 9
Increased Interest for Mindfulness Online.
Misitzis, A. (2020) · PubMed Central · doi:10.4103/ijoy.ijoy_15_20 · Cited by 11
Verdes-Montenegro-Atalaya, J. C., de Torres, L. Á. P., Liétor-Villajos, N., Bartolomé-Moreno, C., Moreno-Martos, H., Rodríguez, L. A. G., Grande-Grande, T., Pardo-Hernández, R., del Barco, B. L., Santamaría‐Peláez, M., et al. (2021) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph181910230 · Cited by 11
Card, K. G., Bodner, A., Li, R. C., Lail, S., Aran, N., Grewal, A., & Skakoon‐Sparling, S. (2022) · Journal of Occupational Health · doi:10.1002/1348-9585.12360 · Cited by 11
Covid-19 Pandemisinde Sağlık Personelinin Tükenmişlik Durumunun İncelenmesi
ARSLAN, Ü., ÇAĞATAY, A., & SAVAŞ, A. Y. (2023) · Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Vizyoner Dergisi · doi:10.21076/vizyoner.1133729 · Cited by 9
Seyffert, M., Wu, C., & Özkan‐Seely, G. F. (2024) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph21040484 · Cited by 11
“These interventions vary from psychological support [83] to mindfulness-and self-compassion-based techniques [84] to social connectedness [85] to prevention programs that target cognitive reappraisal strategy and resilience [24] and have shown promise improving burnout.”
BackgroundChen, B., Yang, T., Lin, T., Song, Y., Liu, Y., Wang, Y., Xiao, L., Xu, C., & Chen, H. (2022) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2021-058686 · Cited by 9
“17 21 Therefore, for nurses, mindfulness meditation is a strategy to prevent and manage stress, anxiety and job burnout effectively and improve their mental health.”
BackgroundMichl, G., Bail, K. S., Turner, M. R., & Paterson, C. C. (2024) · Nursing and Health Sciences · doi:10.1111/nhs.13095 · Cited by 7
Online Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Healthcare Professionals: A Scoping Review
Baek, G., Cha, C., Lee, M., & Cho, A. (2024) · Workplace Health & Safety · doi:10.1177/21650799241254554 · Cited by 9
Kumaresan, A., Sebastian, N., Suganthirababu, P., Srinivasan, V., Vishnuram, S., Kumar, P., Jayaraj, V., Alagesan, J., Prathap, L., & Kandakurti, P. K. (2022) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-220051 · Cited by 7
“There are various treatments to reduce burnout levels, such as deep breathing exercise and mindfulness training, to reduce emotional glitches and the burnout level among health care workers [26].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Suleiman‐Martos, N., Gomez‐Urquiza, J. L., Aguayo‐Estremera, R., Cañadas‐De La Fuente, G. A., De La Fuente‐Solana, E. I., & Albendín‐García, L.
- Affiliations
- Universidad de Granada (ES)
- Nursing Department University of Granada Granada Spain
- Universidad de Málaga (ES)
- Brain, Mind and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC) University of Granada Granada Spain
- Venue
- Journal of Advanced Nursing
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-03-04
- Volume
- 76
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1124-1140
- ISSN
- 0309-2402 (ISSN-L)
- 1365-2648
- OpenAlex
- W3004541954
- Cited by
- 217
- References
- 101
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 46 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 11
- FWCI
- 7.32
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of Advanced Nursing (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Institutional Repository of the University of Granada (University of Granada) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- Junta de Andalucía (P11HUM-7771)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Keywords
- mindfulness training, burnout, nurses, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment, occupational stress, nurse well-being
- MeSH terms
- Burnout, Psychological, Adult, Behavior Therapy, Burnout, Professional, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nursing Staff, Mindfulness
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