Physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout: A systematic review of prospective studies
Open accessAbstract
Burnout is a syndrome that results from chronic stress at work, with several consequences to workers' well-being and health. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence of the physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout in prospective studies. The PubMed, Science Direct, PsycInfo, SciELO, LILACS and Web of Science databases were searched without language or date restrictions. The Transparent Reporting of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed. Prospective studies that analyzed burnout as the exposure condition were included. Among the 993 articles initially identified, 61 fulfilled the inclusion criteria, and 36 were analyzed because they met three criteria that must be followed in prospective studies. Burnout was a significant predictor of the following physical consequences: hypercholesterolemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hospitalization due to cardiovascular disorder, musculoskeletal pain, changes in pain experiences, prolonged fatigue, headaches, gastrointestinal issues, respiratory problems, severe injuries and mortality below the age of 45 years. The psychological effects were insomnia, depressive symptoms, use of psychotropic and antidepressant medications, hospitalization for mental disorders and psychological ill-health symptoms. Job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, new disability pension, job demands, job resources and presenteeism were identified as professional outcomes. Conflicting findings were observed. In conclusion, several prospective and high-quality studies showed physical, psychological and occupational consequences of job burnout. The individual and social impacts of burnout highlight the need for preventive interventions and early identification of this health condition in the work environment.
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Maladaptive coping patterns can impair concentration and increase the risk of clinical errors, ultimately compromising the quality and safety of patient care.
“These maladaptive coping patterns can impair concentration and increase the risk of clinical errors, ultimately compromising the quality and safety of patient care (37).”
From Management strategies for healthcare worker burnout in Sub-Saharan Africa: an integrative review (2026) · cites this paper as [37]
The Introduction (page not provided) describes burnout as involving reduced coping skills and productivity, and the Discussion (page not provided) links burnout-related ill health to diminished work performance. The paper does not establish that maladaptive coping impairs concentration, increases clinical errors, or compromises patient-care quality and safety. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIndividuals affected by burnout are at risk of poor physical and psychological health outcomes, including diminished well-being, depression, anxiety, and suicide.
“Individuals affected by burnout are at risk of a range of associated outcomes that extend beyond the work context, including poor physical [6,12] and psychological health (including diminished well-being [13], depression [14,15], anxiety [16], and suicide [14,17]).”
From Evaluation of an App-Delivered Psychological Flexibility Skill Training Intervention for Medical Student Burnout and Well-being: Randomized Controlled Trial (2023) · cites this paper as [12]
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- Authors
- Salvagioni, D. A. J., Melanda, F. N., Mesas, A. E., González, A. D., Gabani, F. L., & Andrade, S. M. D.
- Affiliations
- Instituto Federal do Paraná (BR)
- Universidade Estadual de Londrina (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Salvagioni, Denise Albieri Jodas
- Melanda, Francine Nesello
- Mesas, Arthur Eumann
- Gabani, Flávia Lopes
- Andrade, Selma Maffei de
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLOS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2017-10-04
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- e0185781
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5627926
- OpenAlex
- W2763205864
- Cited by
- 1,508
- References
- 108
- Citations by year
- 2026: 165 · 2025: 229 · 2024: 214 · 2023: 225 · 2022: 267 · 2021: 178 · 2020: 132 · 2019: 68 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 3
- FWCI
- 9.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (310259/2015-0, 303141/2014-0)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Occupational Therapy › Occupational Health and Burnout
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Workplace Health and Well-being
- Keywords
- burnout, chronic occupational stress, physical health effects, psychological impact, occupational consequences, cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal pain, fatigue, insomnia, depressive symptoms, job dissatisfaction, absenteeism, presenteeism, disability pension, burnout prevention
- MeSH terms
- Burnout, Professional, Humans, Occupations, Prospective Studies
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