Effect of Physical Activity versus Health Education on Physical Function, Grip Strength and Mobility
Open accessAbstract
Background: Physical activity ( PA ) reduces the rate of mobility disability, compared with health education ( HE ), in at risk older adults. It is important to understand aspects of performance contributing to this benefit. Objective: To evaluate intervention effects on tertiary physical performance outcomes. Design: The Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders ( LIFE ) was a multi‐centered, single‐blind randomized trial of older adults. Setting: Eight field centers throughout the United States. Participants: 1635 adults aged 78.9 ± 5.2 years, 67.2% women at risk for mobility disability (Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB] <10). Interventions: Moderate PA including walking, resistance and balance training compared with HE consisting of topics relevant to older adults. Outcomes: Grip strength, SPPB score and its components (balance, 4 m gait speed, and chair‐stands), as well as 400 m walking speed. Results: Total SPPB score was higher in PA versus HE across all follow‐up times (overall P = .04) as was the chair‐stand component (overall P < .001). No intervention effects were observed for balance (overall P = .12), 4 m gait speed (overall P = .78), or grip strength (overall P = .62). However, 400 m walking speed was faster in PA versus HE group (overall P =<.001). In separate models, 29% of the rate reduction of major mobility disability in the PA versus HE group was explained by change in SPPB score, while 39% was explained by change in the chair stand component. Conclusion: Lower extremity performance ( SPPB ) was significantly higher in the PA compared with HE group. Changes in chair‐stand score explained a considerable portion of the effect of PA on the reduction of major mobility disability–consistent with the idea that preserving muscle strength/power may be important for the prevention of major mobility disability.
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In the multicenter LIFE study, improvements in muscle strength and power were largely responsible for the reduction of mobility disability in the physical activity group.
“The multicenter LIFE study showed that improvements in muscle strength and power, as seen in the improvements in chair stands, is largely responsible for the reduction of mobility disability in the physical activity group.58”
From Comparison of Power Training vs Traditional Strength Training on Physical Function in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2022) · cites this paper as [58]
The Discussion says the lower rate of major mobility disability in the physical activity group was largely attributable to improved chair-stand performance. But chair stands were a surrogate for lower-extremity strength and power; the paper did not measure those directly and says muscle function only “appears” to be a mechanism, with other factors possibly contributing. The claim states that inferred mechanism more definitively than the source does. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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- Authors
- Santanasto, A. J., Glynn, N. W., Lovato, L. C., Blair, S. N., Fielding, R. A., Gill, T. M., Guralnik, J. M., Hsu, F., King, A. C., Strotmeyer, E. S., Manini, T. M., Marsh, A. P., McDermott, M. M., Goodpaster, B. H., Pahor, M., Newman, A. B., & the LIFE Study Group
- Affiliations
- University of Pittsburgh (US)
- Wake Forest University Health Sciences (US)
- University of South Carolina (US)
- Tufts University (US)
- Yale University (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Stanford University (US)
- University of Florida (US)
- Wake Forest University (US)
- Northwestern University (US)
- Translational Research Institute for Metabolism and Diabetes (US)
- Corresponding author
- Newman, Anne B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2017-02-21
- Volume
- 65
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 1427-1433
- ISSN
- 0002-8614 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-5415
- PMC
- PMC5507738
- OpenAlex
- W2589461526
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 4
- FWCI
- 39.90
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of the American Geriatrics Society (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (58‐1950‐0‐014)
- National Institute on Aging (K07AG3587)
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Keywords
- physical activity, health education, older adults, mobility impairment, physical function, grip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery, walking speed, balance, resistance training, balance training, muscle strength
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Female, Health Education, Humans, Life Style, Male, United States, Exercise, Geriatric Assessment, Single-Blind Method, Walking, Hand Strength, Lower Extremity, Mobility Limitation
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