Systems of Oppression: The Impact of Discrimination on Latinx Immigrant Adolescents’ Well-Being and Development
Open accessAbstract
With over 400 harmful immigration policy changes in the past 4 years, Latinx adolescents and families nationwide are developing within a context of extreme anti-immigrant sentiment (Dismantling and reconstructing the U.S. immigration system: A catalog of changes under the Trump presidency, Migration Policy Institute, 2020). This paper introduces the Multitiered Model of Oppression and Discrimination (MMOD), a conceptual model for understanding the impacts of multiple levels of discrimination on the well-being and development of Latinx immigrant adolescents. Interpersonal discrimination (Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences, 2010, 32, 259), community-held stereotypes (Social Psychology of Education, 2001, 5, 201), institutional policies (Children and Youth Services Review, 2018, 87, 192), and structural practices (Journal of Criminal Justice, 2020, 66, 1) can negatively impact well-being and development among these adolescents. Culturally sustaining interventions, civic engagement and mobilization, and policies targeting inequitable policies and practices will provide healing and an avenue for liberation.
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Experiences of internalized racism often intersect with multiple systemic oppressions that impact the well-being and quality of life of racially marginalized communities.
“Experiences of internalized racism often intersect with multiple systemic oppressions that impact the well-being and quality of life of racially marginalized communities [17,32].”
From Internalized Racism and Mental Health: The Moderating Role of Collective Racial Self-Esteem (2024) · cites this paper as [32]
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Dismantling Systems and Improving Contexts to Support the Development of BIPOC Youth
Halgunseth, L. C., Witherspoon, D. P., & Wray‐Lake, L. (2022) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12773 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Internalized Racism and Mental Health: The Moderating Role of Collective Racial Self-Esteem
Sanders, S., Williams, T., Berry, A., Garcia-Aguilera, C., Robinson, K., Martin, R., & Jones, P. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14111003 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“I Can Never Feel Safe”: Latinx Youth Voices on Psychosocial Impacts of 287(g) in Georgia
Lemon, E. D., Nieto, K. S. M., Laguna, L. Y. S., Flores, Y. A., Niño-Suastegui, M., Campos, J. P., Fuentes, V., Lozada, K., Ling, A., & Woods-Jaeger, B. A. (2023) · Health Education & Behavior · doi:10.1177/10901981231193695 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Exploring Sibling Relationship Quality among Latinx Siblings: A Systematic Review
Holmes, M. R., O’Donnell, K. A., Lovato, K. K., Kramer, L., Korsch-Williams, A. E., Herceg, A. E., & Stephens, S. O. (2024) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs14070624 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Taylor, Z., Carrizales, A., Moffitt, A., & Ruiz, Y. (2024) · Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology · doi:10.1037/cdp0000668 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The role of ethnic enclaves in Arab American Muslim adolescent perceived discrimination
Balaghi, D. (2022) · Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology · doi:10.1002/casp.2653 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Roller, K. M., Snow, W., Grapa, J., Hernández, M., Consoli, A. J., Pineda, B. S., & Andrade, E. (2023) · Journal of the National Hispanic Medical Association · doi:10.59867/nhma0202 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
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Akib, M. M. M., Ishak, H., Zabidi, A. F. M., Sa’ari, C. Z., Muhsin, S. B. S., & Yahya, N. S. M. (2025) · Journal of Religion and Health · doi:10.1007/s10943-025-02304-8 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Bold, M. R. (2024) · Literacy · doi:10.1111/lit.12386 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Exploring the Links Between Immigration and Birth Outcomes Among Latine Birthing Persons in the USA
Santaularia, N. J., Hunt, S., & Bonilla, Z. E. (2024) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-024-01999-x · Cited by 4 · see citing works
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Evans, K., Lee, J., Rodriguez, J., & Gawens, S. (2025) · Social Sciences · doi:10.3390/socsci14060358 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Actions to respond to a troubled immigration environment
Galletly, C. L., & Ruelas, D. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1517238 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Blatt, L. R., Hunter-Rue, D., & Votruba‐Drzal, E. (2025) · AERA Open · doi:10.1177/23328584251327145 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Location of Self: More Than A Decade Later
WATTS‐JONES, T. D., Ching, C., Moore, M., Morales, D., & Ross, R. (2025) · Family Process · doi:10.1111/famp.70038 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Adonteng‐Kissi, O., Mabefam, M. G., Archibong, E., Meribe, N. C., & Baffour, F. D. (2025) · Race and Justice · doi:10.1177/21533687251356287 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Algarin, A. B., Pitpitan, E. V., El-Krab, R., Kelly, N. K., Hussain, M., Latkin, C. A., Skaathun, B., Pines, H. A., Gutierrez, A., Soto, F., et al. (2025) · SSM - Mental Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmmh.2025.100576 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
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Mexican American adolescents and generalized anxiety disorder: a narrative review
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Exploring Workplace Discrimination: Shedding Light on Social and Cultural Dynamics
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Effects of Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality on Youth Symptoms Amidst COVID-19
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Latine Students' Mental Health
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Nuestros Encuentros: Healing through Dialogue
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Influence of Anti-Hispanic Bias on Perceptions of Hispanic Status of Names
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Different generations of immigrant parenting techniques impact on youth well-being
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Racism and Children’s Health and Development: Addressing the Impact
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Perceived hostility toward latino migrants and self-reported health status
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- Authors
- Torres, S. A., Sosa, S. S., Flores Toussaint, R. J., Jolie, S., & Bustos, Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Loyola University Chicago (US)
- Loyola University Chicago
- Corresponding author
- Torres, Stephanie A.
- Venue
- Journal of Research on Adolescence
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2022-04
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 501-517
- ISSN
- 1050-8392 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7795
- PMC
- PMC9325509
- OpenAlex
- W4223940371
- Cited by
- 46
- References
- 109
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 19 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5
- FWCI
- 14.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Research on Adolescence (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Loyola eCommons (Loyola University of Chicago) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nd)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Cultural Studies › Latin American and Latino Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Keywords
- discrimination, systemic oppression, immigration policy, anti-immigrant sentiment, interpersonal discrimination, institutional discrimination, structural discrimination, youth welfare, adolescent development, citizen participation, liberation
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Emigration and Immigration, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Race Relations, Emigrants and Immigrants
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