Latino adolescents’ perceived discrimination in online and offline settings: an examination of cultural risk and protective factors
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Guided by a risk and resilience framework, the current study examined the associations between Latino adolescents' (n = 219; Mage = 14.35; SD = 1.75) perceptions of ethnic discrimination in multiple settings (e.g., online, school) and several domains of adjustment (e.g., mental health, academic), and tested whether developmentally salient cultural assets (i.e., ethnic identity) directly promoted youth adjustment or moderated the negative impact of discrimination on adjustment. Each of the 3 ethnic identity components (i.e., exploration, resolution, affirmation) demonstrated evidence of promoting positive outcomes among Latino youth; furthermore, there was some evidence that the promotive effects of affirmation and resolution were significantly stronger for older versus younger adolescents. In addition, with the exception of experiences with discrimination from adults outside of the school setting, there was evidence of ethnic identity interacting with each type of discrimination to predict Latino adolescents' self-esteem, depressive symptoms, and externalizing problems. Findings suggest directions for future research and identify potential targets for intervention that may prove fruitful in programming efforts with Latino adolescents.
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Higher levels of ethnic identity have been associated with positive physical and mental health outcomes including less internalizing and externalizing risk behaviors across youth of various ethnic and racial backgrounds.
“Higher levels of ethnic identity have been associated with positive physical and mental health outcomes including less internalizing and externalizing risk behaviors across youth of various ethnic and racial backgrounds (Rivas-Drake et al., 2014; Smith and Silva, 2011; Umaña-Taylor et al., 2015).”
From Assessment of culture and environment in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development Study: Rationale, description of measures, and early data (2018) · cites this paper as Umaña-Taylor et al., 2015
The Discussion (Main Effects Model; page not supplied) reports that greater ethnic identity affirmation and resolution were associated with lower externalizing problems, fewer depressive symptoms, and higher self-esteem among Latino adolescents. This supports the mental-health portion of the claim, but the paper does not establish physical-health outcomes or the same associations across youth of various racial and ethnic backgrounds. (LLM, conf=0.88)
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Self-citationChildren's perceptions of social resource inequality
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Cognitive and Behavioral Resilience Among Young Gay and Bisexual Men Living with HIV
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Experiences of internet users regarding cyberhate
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Online Racism: Adjustment and Protective Factors Among Adolescents of Color
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Research in Developmental Psychology: Social Exclusion Among Children and Adolescents
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Shift and Persist in Mexican American Youth: A Longitudinal Test of Depressive Symptoms
Stein, G. L., Jensen, M. R., Christophe, N. K., Cruz, R. A., Romero, M. M., & Robins, R. W. (2022) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12714 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
A Taxonomy of Coping Strategies and Discriminatory Stressors in Digital Gaming
Passmore, C. J., & Mandryk, R. L. (2020) · Frontiers in Computer Science · doi:10.3389/fcomp.2020.00040 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Perkins, T. R., Durkee, M. I., Banks, J., & Ribero‐Brown, B. (2021) · Journal of Research on Adolescence · doi:10.1111/jora.12717 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
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Multicultural Developmental Experiences
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Promoting Resilience During Adolescence: Voices of Latino Youth and Parents
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Digital White Racial Socialization: Social Media and the Case of Whiteness
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Media Engagement and Identity Formation Among Minority Youth
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Promoting racial and ethnic identity: A school-based intervention to support Latino youth
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Discrimination, the Model Minority Stereotype, and Peer Relationships Across the High School Years
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The Impact of US Sociopolitical Issues on the Prejudicial Treatment of Latino Children and Youth
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Latinx Adolescents’ Peer Ethnic Discrimination in After-School Activities and Activity Experiences
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Examining ethnic identity, school climate, and academic futility among minoritized students
Salle-Finley, T. P. L., Neves‐McCain, J. R., Li, M. G., & Coleman, M. S. (2024) · Journal of School Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jsp.2024.101285 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
When Things Go Viral: Youth’s Discrimination Exposure in the World of Social Media
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Vicarious Racism, Direct Racism, and Mental Health Among Racialized Minority Healthcare Workers
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Measurement invariance of the perceived online racism scale across age and gender
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A Systematic Literature Review on the Resilience Reported by BIPOC in the Face of Discrimination
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Don't skip class: A new conceptual model for examining classism among adolescents and families
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Parenting Practices and Adjustment Profiles among Latino Youth in Rural Areas of the United States
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The Role of Ethnic-Racial Identity and Self-Esteem in Intergroup Contact Attitudes
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“We Can’t Say This Won’t Happen to Me”: Parent-Child Communication About Anti-Latino Discrimination
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Self-citationAdolescents’ experiences of discrimination, disclosure of discrimination, and well-being
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- Authors
- Umaña-Taylor, A. J., Tynes, B. M., Toomey, R. B., Williams, D. R., & Mitchell, K. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Kent State University (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- University of New Hampshire (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2015-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 87-100
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- PMC
- PMC4752111
- OpenAlex
- W1977499954
- Cited by
- 170
- References
- 63
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 25.98
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (R01HD061584)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Psychosocial Factors Impacting Youth
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Keywords
- Latino adolescents, ethnic discrimination, online discrimination, ethnic identity, identity exploration, identity resolution, identity affirmation, risk and resilience, self-esteem, depressive symptoms, externalizing problems, youth adjustment, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Acculturation, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Child, Discrimination, Psychological, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Online Systems, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Identification, Social Discrimination, Protective Factors
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