Cited by 357Meta-analysis and systematic reviewsQualitative Research Methods and ApplicationsInnovations in Medical Education

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Qualitative synthesis and systematic review in health professions education

Bearman, Margaret, Dawson, Phillip·2013·Medical Education

DOI 10.1111/medu.12092

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Abstract

CONTEXT: Formal qualitative synthesis is the process of pooling qualitative and mixed-method research data, and then drawing conclusions regarding the collective meaning of the research. Qualitative synthesis is regularly used within systematic reviews in the health professions literature, although such use has been heavily debated in the general literature. This controversy arises in part from the inherent tensions found when generalisations are derived from in-depth studies that are heavily context-dependent. METHODS: We explore three representative qualitative synthesis methodologies: thematic analysis; meta-ethnography, and realist synthesis. These can be understood across two dimensions: integrative to interpretative, and idealist to realist. Three examples are used to illustrate the relative strengths and limitations of these approaches. DISCUSSION: Against a backdrop of controversy and diverse methodologies, readers must take a critical stand when reading literature reviews that use qualitative synthesis to derive their findings. We argue that notions of qualitative rigour such as transparency and acknowledgment of the researchers' stance should be applied to qualitative synthesis.

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Authors: Bearman, M., & Dawson, P.
Affiliations: Monash University (AU)
Corresponding author: Bearman, Margaret
ORCID: Bearman, Margaret
Dawson, Phillip
Venue: Medical Education
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2013-02-08
Volume: 47
Issue: 3
Pages: 252-260
ISSN: 0308-0110 (ISSN-L)
1365-2923
DOI: 10.1111/medu.12092
OpenAlex: W1591099317
Cited by: 357
References: 31
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 35 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 36 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12
FWCI: 3.01
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Locations: Medical Education (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Social Sciences › Education › Qualitative Research Methods and Applications
Social Sciences › Education › Innovations in Medical Education
Keywords: qualitative evidence synthesis, systematic reviews, health professions education, meta-ethnography, realist synthesis, thematic analysis, transparency, researcher positionality
MeSH terms: Systematic Reviews as Topic, Anthropology, Cultural, Education, Professional, Health Occupations, Humans, Judgment, Research Personnel, Meta-Analysis as Topic, MEDLINE, Qualitative Research

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Qualitative synthesis and systematic review in health professions education

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