Cited by 299Cognitive Abilities and TestingDevelopmental and Educational NeuropsychologyPsychological Testing and Assessment

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VIII. NIH TOOLBOX COGNITION BATTERY (CB): COMPOSITE SCORES OF CRYSTALLIZED, FLUID, AND OVERALL COGNITION

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Akshoomoff, Natacha, Beaumont, Jennifer L, Bauer, Patricia J, Dikmen, Sureyya S, Gershon, Richard C, Mungas, Dan, Slotkin, Jerry, Tulsky, David, Weintraub, Sandra, Zelazo, Philip David, Heaton, Robert K·2013·Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development

DOI 10.1111/mono.12038PMC PMC4103789

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Abstract

The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (CB) includes 7 tests covering 6 cognitive abilities. This chapter describes the psychometric characteristics in children ages 3-15 years of a total summary score and composite scores reflecting two major types of cognition: "crystallized" (more dependent upon past learning experiences) and "fluid" (capacity for new learning and information processing in novel situations). Both types of cognition are considered important in everyday functioning, but are thought to be differently affected by brain health status throughout life, from early childhood through older adulthood. All three Toolbox composite scores showed excellent test-retest reliability, robust developmental effects across the childhood age range considered here, and strong correlations with established measures of similar abilities. Additional preliminary evidence of validity includes significant associations between all three Toolbox composite scores and maternal reports of children's health status and school performance.

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Authors: Akshoomoff, N., Beaumont, J. L., Bauer, P. J., Dikmen, S. S., Gershon, R. C., Mungas, D., Slotkin, J., Tulsky, D., Weintraub, S., Zelazo, P. D., & Heaton, R. K.
Affiliations: University of California San Diego (US)
Northwestern University (US)
Emory University (US)
University of Washington (US)
University of Michigan (US)
Corresponding author: Heaton, Robert K
ORCID: Akshoomoff, Natacha
Beaumont, Jennifer L
Bauer, Patricia J
Gershon, Richard C
Mungas, Dan
Slotkin, Jerry
Tulsky, David
Zelazo, Philip David
Venue: Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development
Publisher: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published: 2013-08
Volume: 78
Issue: 4
Pages: 119-132
ISSN: 0037-976X (ISSN-L)
1540-5834
DOI: 10.1111/mono.12038
PMC: PMC4103789
OpenAlex: W2098834660
Cited by: 299
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 33 · 2025: 44 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 40 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 5
FWCI: 4.06
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Licence: academic.oup.com/pages/standard-publication-reuse-rights (vor)
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 15 d)
Locations: Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Aging (P30AG010129, R01AG010220)
National Institute of Mental Health (P30MH062512)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
Keywords: NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery, crystallized intelligence, fluid intelligence, child cognitive development, test-retest reliability, psychometric properties, academic performance
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Child, Preschool, Cognition, Humans, National Institutes of Health (U.S.), Neuropsychological Tests, Psychometrics, United States, Reproducibility of Results

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VIII. NIH TOOLBOX COGNITION BATTERY (CB): COMPOSITE SCORES OF CRYSTALLIZED, FLUID, AND OVERALL COGNITION

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