The double burden of malnutrition in individuals: Identifying key challenges and re‐thinking research focus

Kiosia, Agklinta; Dagbasi, Aygul; Berkley, James A.; Wilding, John P. H.; Prendergast, Andrew J.; Li, Jia V.; Swann, Jon; Mathers, John C.; Kerac, Marko; Morrison, Douglas; Drake, Lesley; Briend, Andre; Maitland, Kathryn; Frost, Gary

doi:10.1111/nbu.12670

Cited by 43Obesity, Physical Activity, DietChild Nutrition and Water AccessNutrition, Health, and Society Studies

The double burden of malnutrition in individuals: Identifying key challenges and re‐thinking research focus

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Kiosia, Agklinta, Dagbasi, Aygul, Berkley, James A., Wilding, John P. H., Prendergast, Andrew J., Li, Jia V., Swann, Jon, Mathers, John C. +6 more·2024·Nutrition Bulletin

DOI 10.1111/nbu.12670

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Abstract

The ‘double burden of malnutrition’ is a global health challenge that increasingly affects populations in both low‐ and middle‐income countries (LMICs). This phenomenon refers to the coexistence of undernutrition and overweight or obesity, as well as other diet‐related non‐communicable diseases, in the same population, household or even individual. While noteworthy progress has been made in reducing undernutrition in some parts of the world, in many of these areas, the prevalence of overweight and obesity is increasing, particularly in urban areas, resulting in greater numbers of people who were undernourished in childhood and have overweight or obesity in adulthood. This creates a complex and challenging situation for research experts and policymakers who must simultaneously address the public health burdens of undernutrition and overweight/obesity. This review identifies key challenges and limitations in the current research on the double burden of malnutrition in individuals, including the need for a more comprehensive and nuanced understanding of the drivers of malnutrition, the importance of context‐specific interventions and the need for greater attention to the food environment and food systems. We advocate for the re‐evaluation of research strategies and focus, with a greater emphasis on multidisciplinary and systems approaches and greater attention to the synergistic relationship between the biological, environmental, commercial and socio‐economic determinants of malnutrition. Addressing these key challenges can enable us to better comprehend and tackle the multifaceted and dynamic issues of the double burden of malnutrition, particularly in individuals and work towards more effective and sustainable solutions.

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Recent epidemiological and nutritional shifts characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, dietary transitions, and population aging have exposed important limitations of the classical ABCD model.
“However, recent epidemiological and nutritional shifts characterized by the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, dietary transitions, and population aging have exposed important limitations of this classical model [4,5].”
From The Seven Methods for the Evaluation of Nutritional Status—ABCDEFG: Narrative Review (2026) · cites this paper as [4]
The Background section describes the coexistence of undernutrition and overnutrition, and The Role of Diet section describes a transition toward highly processed diets. Malnutrition Markers identifies limitations of traditional anthropometric measures, but the paper does not link those limitations to the classical ABCD model or to population aging. No page numbers were available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.87)
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Authors: Kiosia, A., Dagbasi, A., Berkley, J. A., Wilding, J. P. H., Prendergast, A. J., Li, J. V., Swann, J., Mathers, J. C., Kerac, M., Morrison, D., Drake, L., Briend, A., Maitland, K., & Frost, G.
Affiliations: Health Data Research UK (GB)
Imperial College London (GB)
Kenya Medical Research Institute (KE)
University of Liverpool (GB)
Queen Mary University of London (GB)
School of Human Development and Health University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine Southampton UK
Newcastle University (GB)
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine (GB)
Scottish Universities Environmental Research Centre (GB)
Tampere Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology Tampere University and Tampere University Hospital Tampere Finland
Corresponding author: Frost, Gary
ORCID: Kiosia, Agklinta
Dagbasi, Aygul
Berkley, James A.
Wilding, John P. H.
Prendergast, Andrew J.
Li, Jia V.
Mathers, John C.
Kerac, Marko
Morrison, Douglas
Drake, Lesley
Maitland, Kathryn
Frost, Gary
Venue: Nutrition Bulletin
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2024-04-04
Volume: 49
Issue: 2
Pages: 132-145
ISSN: 1467-3010 (ISSN-L)
1471-9827
DOI: 10.1111/nbu.12670
OpenAlex: W4393987402
Cited by: 43
References: 94
Citations by year: 2026: 24 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 4
FWCI: 3.80
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: cc-by
creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (vor)
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm)
Locations: Nutrition Bulletin (publishedVersion, cc-by)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
LSHTM Research Online (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine) (acceptedVersion)
Queen Mary Research Online (Queen Mary University of London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Greater South Information System
Funders: London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine
University of Oxford
Medical Research Council (MR/T008628/1, MR/V000802/1)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Child Nutrition and Water Access
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Nutrition, Health, and Society Studies
Keywords: double burden of malnutrition, malnutrition, overweight, obesity, diet-related non-communicable diseases, low- and middle-income countries, urbanization, child undernutrition, food environment, food systems, determinants of malnutrition, context-specific interventions, systems approach, multidisciplinary research
MeSH terms: Developing Countries, Humans, Obesity, Global Health, Prevalence, Cost of Illness, Malnutrition, Overweight

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The double burden of malnutrition in individuals: Identifying key challenges and re‐thinking research focus

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