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The DOI matches its Crossref record; 14 of the 14 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Rab GTPases: Key players in melanosome biogenesis, transport, and transfer

Fukuda, Mitsunori·2021·Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
DOI 10.1111/pcmr.12931
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Abstract

Melanosomes are specialized intracellular organelles that produce and store melanin pigments in melanocytes, which are present in several mammalian tissues and organs, including the skin, hair, and eyes. Melanosomes form and mature stepwise (stages I–IV) in melanocytes and then are transported toward the plasma membrane along the cytoskeleton. They are subsequently transferred to neighboring keratinocytes by a largely unknown mechanism, and incorporated melanosomes are transported to the perinuclear region of the keratinocytes where they form melanin caps. Melanocytes also extend several dendrites that facilitate the efficient transfer of the melanosomes to the keratinocytes. Since the melanosome biogenesis, transport, and transfer steps require multiple membrane trafficking processes, Rab GTPases that are conserved key regulators of membrane traffic in all eukaryotes are crucial for skin and hair pigmentation. Dysfunctions of two Rab isoforms, Rab27A and Rab38, are known to cause a hypopigmentation phenotype in human type 2 Griscelli syndrome patients and in chocolate mice (related to Hermansky–Pudlak syndrome), respectively. In this review article, I review the literature on the functions of each Rab isoform and its upstream and downstream regulators in mammalian melanocytes and keratinocytes.

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  • The phenotypes of rab32a and hps5 mutants suggest distinct contributions to crystal morphology and organelle maturation.

    “Notably, the phenotypes of rab32a and hps5 mutants suggest distinct contributions also to crystal morphology and organelle maturation, mirroring the specialized trafficking roles previously ascribed to these proteins in melanosomes (30, 41, 85, 90, 91).”

    From Lysosome-related organelles orchestrate guanine crystal formation in pigment cells (2026) · cites this paper as [90]

    Section 2 (p. 225) describes Rab32/38-mediated trafficking of melanogenic enzymes to immature melanosomes, supporting the cited background about Rab32’s melanosome role. The passages do not identify a trafficking role for HPS5 specifically, so they do not fully support the roles attributed to both proteins. The crystal-mutant interpretation is the citing authors’ own inference, not a finding attributed to this source. (LLM, conf=0.83)

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Metadata

Authors
Fukuda, M.
Affiliations
Laboratory of Membrane Trafficking Mechanisms Department of Integrative Life Sciences Graduate School of Life Sciences Tohoku University Sendai Miyagi Japan
ORCID
Fukuda, Mitsunori
Venue
Pigment Cell & Melanoma Research
Publisher
Wiley
Published
2020-10-14
Volume
34
Issue
2
Pages
222-235
ISSN
  • 1755-1471
  • 1755-148X
DOI
10.1111/pcmr.12931
Cited by
78
References
14
Language
en
Licence
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor)
Funders
Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (JPMJCR17H4)

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