Changes in the skin microbiome during male maturation from 0 to 25 years of age
Open accessAbstract
Background: Skin microorganisms co‐develop with the human body and age influences the skin microenvironment and thus the skin bacterial community. Objectives: To investigate the changes in the skin microbiota during male development. Methods: High‐throughput 16S ribosomal RNA pyrosequencing was utilized to analyze the differences in bacterial composition of the skin in healthy males aged 0–25 years. Results: There were significant differences in facial skin bacterial diversity (Shannon index) and richness (Chao index) among the 4 groups of subjects ( p < 0.05). Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Cutibacterium are dominant in males during growth, and regular changes occur with age after birth. Further analysis of skin bacteria between the 4 groups showed that the bacterial abundance of Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis tended to increase with age, and the bacterial abundance of Streptococcus, Rothia mucilaginosa, and Staphylococcus hominis tended to decrease with age. Conclusions: There are some changes in cheek skin bacterial diversity during male development, and there is a relationship between skin bacterial changes and skin development processes.
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During organism growth, bacterial populations gradually adapt to the skin environment, and microbiota colonization continues until equilibrium is reached in adulthood.
“During the organism’s growth, the bacterial populations gradually adapt to the skin environment, and the microbiota colonization continues until equilibrium is reached in adulthood [8,9,10].”
From Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account? (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
Skin PAMPAs lack stratified epidermal tissue, skin macromolecules, cell populations, and appendages, and their stratum corneum-mimicking lipid mixture does not contain all lipid subclasses normally present in human skin.
“In particular, they lack the stratified epidermal tissue and all the wide set of skin macromolecules, cell populations, and appendages, while the lipid mixture mimicking the stratum corneum does not contain all the lipid subclasses normally present in the human skin [9,10].”
From Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account? (2024) · cites this paper as [10]
The Discussion describes changes in the facial skin microbiome during male maturation, not the composition or limitations of skin PAMPAs. Searches for stratified epidermal tissue and for missing stratum corneum lipid subclasses found no passage addressing the claim. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.77)
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Recreating Human Skin In Vitro: Should the Microbiota Be Taken into Account?
Galvan, A., Pellicciari, C., & Calderan, L. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25021165 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hu, X., Tang, M., Dong, K., Zhou, J., Wang, D., & Song, L.
- Affiliations
- Beijing Technology and Business University (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhou, Jin
- Venue
- Skin Research and Technology
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2023-09
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- e13432-e13432
- ISSN
- 0909-752X (ISSN-L)
- 1600-0846
- PMC
- PMC10493343
- OpenAlex
- W4386615087
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2
- FWCI
- 3.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Skin Research and Technology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Dermatology and Skin Diseases
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Dermatology › Acne and Rosacea Treatments and Effects
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Keywords
- skin microbiome, male maturation, age-related changes, bacterial diversity, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus, Rothia mucilaginosa, Staphylococcus hominis, skin development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Skin, Staphylococcus hominis, Young Adult, Microbiota
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