Cited by 5,084Mitochondrial Function and PathologyRedox biology and oxidative stressAntioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress

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Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species

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Turrens, J. F.·2003·The Journal of Physiology

DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478PMC PMC2343396

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Abstract

The reduction of oxygen to water proceeds via one electron at a time. In the mitochondrial respiratory chain, Complex IV (cytochrome oxidase) retains all partially reduced intermediates until full reduction is achieved. Other redox centres in the electron transport chain, however, may leak electrons to oxygen, partially reducing this molecule to superoxide anion (O(2)(−)•). Even though O(2)(−)• is not a strong oxidant, it is a precursor of most other reactive oxygen species, and it also becomes involved in the propagation of oxidative chain reactions. Despite the presence of various antioxidant defences, the mitochondrion appears to be the main intracellular source of these oxidants. This review describes the main mitochondrial sources of reactive species and the antioxidant defences that evolved to prevent oxidative damage in all the mitochondrial compartments. We also discuss various physiological and pathological scenarios resulting from an increased steady state concentration of mitochondrial oxidants.

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1 of the 112 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Sorted by citations

How mitochondria produce reactive oxygen species
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See all 5,084

Authors: Turrens, J. F.
Affiliations: University of South Alabama (US)
Corresponding author: Turrens, J. F.
Venue: The Journal of Physiology
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2003-10-15
Volume: 552
Issue: 2
Pages: 335-344
ISSN: 0022-3751 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2003.049478
PMC: PMC2343396
OpenAlex: W4247088117
Cited by: 5,084
References: 112
Citations by year: 2026: 134 · 2025: 218 · 2024: 213 · 2023: 277 · 2022: 301 · 2021: 324 · 2020: 324 · 2019: 283 · 2018: 279 · 2017: 302 · 2016: 253 · 2015: 277 · 2014: 289 · 2013: 290 · 2012: 258
FWCI: 25.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1 (tdm, 4339 d)
Locations: The Journal of Physiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
Health Sciences › Medicine › Biochemistry (medical) › Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress
Keywords: reactive oxygen species, mitochondrial respiration, electron transport chain, superoxide, cytochrome c oxidase, electron leakage, antioxidant defense, oxidative damage
MeSH terms: Aging, Animals, Antioxidants, Humans, Mitochondria, Nitric Oxide, Oxygen, Superoxides, Xenobiotics, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress

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Mitochondrial formation of reactive oxygen species

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