Cited by 266Cancer, Hypoxia, and MetabolismRedox biology and oxidative stressMitochondrial Function and Pathology

Hypoxic but not anoxic stabilization of HIF-1α requires mitochondrial reactive oxygen species

Schroedl, Clara, McClintock, David S., Budinger, G. R. Scott, Chandel, Navdeep S.·2002·American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology

Abstract

The molecular mechanisms by which cells detect hypoxia (1.5% O2), resulting in the stabilization of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha) protein remain unclear. One model proposes that mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species is required to stabilize HIF-1alpha protein. Primary evidence for this model comes from the observation that cells treated with complex I inhibitors, such as rotenone, or cells that lack mitochondrial DNA (rho(0)-cells) fail to generate reactive oxygen species or stabilize HIF-1alpha protein in response to hypoxia. In the present study, we investigated the role of mitochondria in regulating HIF-1alpha protein stabilization under anoxia (0% O2). Wild-type A549 and HT1080 cells stabilized HIF-1alpha protein in response to hypoxia and anoxia. The rho(0)-A549 cells and rho(0)-HT1080 cells failed to accumulate HIF-1alpha protein in response to hypoxia. However, both rho(0)-A549 and rho(0)-HT1080 were able to stabilize HIF-1alpha protein levels in response to anoxia. Rotenone inhibited hypoxic, but not anoxic, stabilization of HIF-1alpha protein. These results indicate that a functional electron transport chain is required for hypoxic but not anoxic stabilization of HIF-1alpha protein.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1152/ajplung.00014.2002

Cites

39 of 39 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Under severe hypoxia or anoxia, cytosolic oxygen levels may remain insufficient to restore prolyl hydroxylase activity even following mitochondrial inhibition, thereby limiting HIF-1α destabilization.

    “Under severe hypoxia or anoxia, cytosolic oxygen levels may remain insufficient to restore prolyl hydroxylase activity even following mitochondrial inhibition, thereby limiting HIF-1α destabilization [369].”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [369]

  • Treatment with mitochondrial inhibitors is associated with reduced HIF-1α protein levels under hypoxia.

    “treatment with mitochondrial inhibitors - including rotenone, oligomycin, the complex I inhibitor IACS-010759, mitochondrial uncouplers, and clinically approved agents such as atovaquone and metformin, has been associated with reduced HIF-1α protein levels under hypoxia [[369], [370], [371], [372], [373], [374], [375]].”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [369]

  • Mitochondrial ROS contribute to HIF-1α accumulation independently of respiratory activity.

    “Specifically, mitochondrial ROS contribute to HIF-1α accumulation independently of respiratory activity, highlighting the paradoxical role of mitochondria in regulating hypoxic signaling [369,377].”

    From HIF inhibition: Current strategies and clinical challenges (2026) · cites this paper as [369]

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Schroedl, C., McClintock, D. S., Budinger, G. R. S., & Chandel, N. S.
Affiliations
Northwestern University (US)
Venue
American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology
Published
2002-11-01
Volume
283
Issue
5
Pages
L922-L931
ISSN
  • 1040-0605 (ISSN-L)
  • 1522-1504
OpenAlex
W2095062583
Cited by
266
References
39
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI
5.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R01GM060472, GM60472-03)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Cancer, Hypoxia, and Metabolism
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Mitochondrial Function and Pathology
Keywords
HIF-1α stabilization, hypoxia, anoxia, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, electron transport chain, rotenone, mitochondrial DNA deletions, mitochondrial complex I inhibition, A549 cells, HT1080 cells
MeSH terms
Adenosine Triphosphate, Animals, Hypoxia, Cell Line, Cricetinae, Humans, Kinetics, Lung, Mitochondria, Oxygen Consumption, Recombinant Proteins, Transcription Factors, Transfection, Cell Hypoxia, Apoptosis, Reactive Oxygen Species, Genes, Reporter, Urothelium, Respiratory Mucosa, Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review