Chromium isotopes and the fate of hexavalent chromium in the environment
Abstract
Measurements of chromium (Cr) stable-isotope fractionation in laboratory experiments and natural waters show that lighter isotopes reacted preferentially during Cr(VI) reduction by magnetite and sediments. The 53Cr/52Cr ratio of the product was 3.4 +/- 0.1 per mil less than that of the reactant. 53Cr/52Cr shifts in water samples indicate the extent of reduction, a critical process that renders toxic Cr(VI) in the environment immobile and less toxic.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Cr is subject to strong stable isotope fractionation during redox reactions, especially reduction.
“Furthermore, Cr is subject to strong stable isotope fractionation during redox reactions, especially reduction”
From Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution (2016) · cites this paper as Ellis et al., 2002
Cites
(1973) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/0012-8252(73)90028-7 · Cited by 3,317 · see citing works
Böttcher, J., Strebel, O., Voerkelius, S., & Schmidt, H. (1990) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/0022-1694(90)90068-9 · Cited by 829 · see citing works
Hoefs, J. (1987) · Minerals and rocks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-09998-8 · Cited by 608 · see citing works
Blowes, D. W., Ptacek, C. J., & Jambor, J. L. (1997) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es960844b · Cited by 502 · see citing works
Reduction of Cr(VI) to Cr(III) by Wetland Plants: Potential for In Situ Heavy Metal Detoxification
Lytle, C. M., Lytle, F. W., Yang, N. Y. C., Qian, J., Hansen, D., Zayed, A. M., & Terry, N. (1998) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es980089x · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Influence of Organic Ligands on Chromium(VI) Reduction by Iron(II)
Buerge, I. J., & Hug, S. J. (1998) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es970932b · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Behavior of Chromium in Soils: VII. Adsorption and Reduction of Hexavalent Forms
James, B. R., & Bartlett, R. J. (1983) · Journal of Environmental Quality · doi:10.2134/jeq1983.00472425001200020005x · Cited by 257 · see citing works
Wittbrodt, P. R., & Palmer, C. D. (1996) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es950731c · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Isotopic Evidence for the Cretaceous-Tertiary Impactor and Its Type
Shukolyukov, A., & Lugmair, G. W. (1998) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.282.5390.927 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Loyaux‐Lawniczak, S., Lecomte, P., & Ehrhardt, J. J. (2001) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es001073l · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Clues to early Solar System history from chromium isotopes in carbonaceous chondrites
Rotaru, M., Birck, J. L., & Allègre, C. J. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/358465a0 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Selenium isotope ratios as indicators of selenium sources and oxyanion reduction
Johnson, T. M., Herbel, M. J., Bullen, T. D., & Zawislanski, P. T. (1999) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/s0016-7037(99)00279-3 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citationNatural chromium contamination of groundwater at León Valley, México
Robles‐Camacho, J., & Armienta, M. A. (2000) · Journal of Geochemical Exploration · doi:10.1016/s0375-6742(99)00083-7 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Anderson, L. D., Kent, D. B., & Davis, J. A. (1994) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es00050a025 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Kortenkamp, A., Casadevall, M., Faux, S. P., et al. (1996) · Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics · doi:10.1006/abbi.1996.0209 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Chromium in air, soil and natural waters
Cary, E. E. (1982) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-80441-9.50007-9 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Plant‐Soil Interactions of Chromium
James, B. R., & Bartlett, R. J. (1984) · Journal of Environmental Quality · doi:10.2134/jeq1984.00472425001300010012x · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Govindaraju, K. (1989) · Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research · doi:10.1111/j.1751-908x.1989.tb00832.x · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Low Mid-Proterozoic atmospheric oxygen levels and the delayed rise of animals
Planavsky, N. J., Reinhard, C. T., Wang, X., Thomson, D., McGoldrick, P., Rainbird, R. H., Johnson, T., Fischer, W. W., & Lyons, T. W. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1258410 · Cited by 768 · see citing works
Self-citationFluctuations in Precambrian atmospheric oxygenation recorded by chromium isotopes
Frei, R., Gaucher, C., Poulton, S. W., & Canfield, D. E. (2009) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08266 · Cited by 653 · see citing works
Atmospheric oxygenation three billion years ago
Crowe, S. A., Døssing, L. N., Beukes, N. J., Bau, M., Kruger, S. J., Frei, R., & Canfield, D. E. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12426 · Cited by 640 · see citing works
The Neoproterozoic oxygenation event: Environmental perturbations and biogeochemical cycling
Och, L. M., & Shields-Zhou, G. A. (2012) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2011.09.004 · Cited by 646 · see citing works
The stable Cr isotope inventory of solid Earth reservoirs determined by double spike MC-ICP-MS
Schoenberg, R., Zink, S., Staubwasser, M., & von Blanckenburg, F. (2008) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.01.009 · Cited by 349 · see citing works
Trace elements at the intersection of marine biological and geochemical evolution
Robbins, L. J., Lalonde, S. V., Planavsky, N. J., Partin, C. A., Reinhard, C. T., Kendall, B., Scott, C., Hardisty, D. S., Gill, B. C., Alessi, D. S., et al. (2016) · Earth-Science Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2016.10.013 · Cited by 227 · see citing works
Isotopic fractionation and reaction kinetics between Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in aqueous media
Zink, S., Schoenberg, R., & Staubwasser, M. (2010) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2010.07.015 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
The chromium isotopic composition of seawater and marine carbonates
Bonnand, P., James, R. H., Parkinson, I. J., Connelly, D. P., & Fairchild, I. J. (2013) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2013.09.001 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Using Chromium Stable Isotope Ratios To Quantify Cr(VI) Reduction: Lack of Sorption Effects
Ellis, A. S., Johnson, T. M., & Bullen, T. D. (2004) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0352294 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationScheiderich, K., Amini, M., Holmden, C., & Francois, R. (2015) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2015.04.030 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Farkaš, J., Chrastný, V., Novák, M., Čadkova, E., Pašava, J., Chakrabarti, R., Jacobsen, S. B., Ackerman, L., & Bullen, T. D. (2013) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2013.08.016 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Self-citationFrei, R., Gaucher, C., Døssing, L. N., & Sial, A. N. (2011) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2011.10.009 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Reinhard, C. T., Planavsky, N. J., Wang, X., Fischer, W. W., Johnson, T. M., & Lyons, T. W. (2014) · Earth and Planetary Science Letters · doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.09.024 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Self-citationFrei, R., Poiré, D., & Frei, K. M. (2014) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2014.05.015 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Albut, G., Babechuk, M. G., Kleinhanns, I. C., Benger, M., Beukes, N. J., Steinhilber, B., Smith, A. J. B., Kruger, S. J., & Schoenberg, R. (2018) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2018.02.034 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Wang, X., Planavsky, N. J., Reinhard, C. T., Zou, H., Ague, J. J., Wu, Y., Gill, B. C., Schwarzenbach, E. M., & Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B. (2016) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2016.01.003 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Paulukat, C., Døssing, L. N., Mondal, S. K., Voegelin, A. R., & Frei, R. (2015) · Applied Geochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2015.04.016 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Wille, M., Nebel, O., Van Kranendonk, M. J., Schoenberg, R., Kleinhanns, I. C., & Ellwood, M. J. (2013) · Chemical Geology · doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2012.12.018 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Equilibrium isotopic fractionation and isotopic exchange kinetics between Cr(III) and Cr(VI)
Wang, X., Johnson, T. M., & Ellis, A. S. (2015) · Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.gca.2015.01.003 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationLate Proterozoic Transitions in Climate, Oxygen, and Tectonics, and the Rise of Complex Life
Planavsky, N. J., Tarhan, L. G., Bellefroid, E. J., Evans, D. A. D., Reinhard, C. T., Love, G. D., & Lyons, T. W. (2015) · The Paleontological Society Papers · doi:10.1017/s1089332600002965 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ellis, A. S., Johnson, T. M., & Bullen, T. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- United States Geological Survey (US)
- Corresponding author
- Johnson, Thomas M.
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2002-03-15
- Volume
- 295
- Issue
- 5562
- Pages
- 2060-2062
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2013528197
- Cited by
- 492
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 48 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 8.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Chromium effects and bioremediation
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Geochemistry and Petrology › Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Keywords
- chromium isotopes, hexavalent chromium, hexavalent chromium reduction, stable isotope fractionation, magnetite, sediment reduction, chromium mobility
- MeSH terms
- California, Carcinogens, Environmental, Chromium, Chromium Isotopes, Connecticut, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Iron, Oxidation-Reduction, Oxides, Water Pollutants, Chemical, Water Purification, Geologic Sediments, Ferrosoferric Oxide
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review