The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Apes Save Tools for Future Use
Abstract
Planning for future needs, not just current ones, is one of the most formidable human cognitive achievements. Whether this skill is a uniquely human adaptation is a controversial issue. In a study we conducted, bonobos and orangutans selected, transported, and saved appropriate tools above baseline levels to use them 1 hour later (experiment 1). Experiment 2 extended these results to a 14-hour delay between collecting and using the tools. Experiment 3 showed that seeing the apparatus during tool selection was not necessary to succeed. These findings suggest that the precursor skills for planning for the future evolved in great apes before 14 million years ago, when all extant great ape species shared a common ancestor.
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“In similar experiments, apes also appear to plan for future possibilities by choosing and retaining appropriate tools for future use [167,168].”
From Is episodic-like memory like episodic memory? (2024) · cites this paper as [167]
In the citing paper
“recent experimental studies have shown evidence for planning in chimpanzees, bonobos and orangutans”
From Keeping track of time: evidence for episodic-like memory in great apes (2010) · cites this paper as Mulcahy and Call 2006
In the citing paper
“It has also been argued that episodic memory and future planning depend on common processes”
From Keeping track of time: evidence for episodic-like memory in great apes (2010) · cites this paper as Mulcahy and Call 2006
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mulcahy, N. J., & Call, J.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Call, Josep
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2006-05-19
- Volume
- 312
- Issue
- 5776
- Pages
- 1038-1040
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W2033421187
- Cited by
- 578
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 70 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 35
- FWCI
- 38.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Anthropology › Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Keywords
- tool use, future planning, tool selection, bonobos, orangutans, great apes, cognitive evolution, human evolution, delay of gratification, common ancestor
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Association Learning, Pan troglodytes, Cognition, Biological Evolution, Mental Processes, Pongo pygmaeus, Pan paniscus
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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