Cited by 642Marine Plankton and BiogeochemistryOceanographic and Atmospheric ProcessesClimate variability and models

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Biological and Chemical Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño

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Chavez, F. P., Strutton, P. G., Friederich, G. E., Feely, R. A., Feldman, G. C., Foley, D. G., McPhaden, M. J.·1999·Science

DOI 10.1126/science.286.5447.2126

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Abstract

During the 1997–98 El Niño, the equatorial Pacific Ocean retained 0.7 × 10 15 grams of carbon that normally would have been lost to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. The surface ocean became impoverished in plant nutrients, and chlorophyll concentrations were the lowest on record. A dramatic recovery occurred in mid-1998, the system became highly productive, analogous to coastal environments, and carbon dioxide flux out of the ocean was again high. The spatial extent of the phytoplankton bloom that followed recovery from El Niño was the largest ever observed for the equatorial Pacific. These chemical and ecological perturbations were linked to changes in the upwelling of nutrient-enriched waters. The description and explanation of these dynamic changes would not have been possible without an observing system that combines biological, chemical, and physical sensors on moorings with remote sensing of chlorophyll.

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“해양 일차생산성과 생물군집의 계절변화는 엽록소 농도 의 계절 변화와 밀접한 연관이 있으며, 최근 많은 연구에 서는 인공위성을 이용하여 광범위하고 장기간의 엽록소 농도 관측을 수행하고 있다(Chavez et al. 1999; Dandonneau et al. 2004; Messié and Radenac 2006).”
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“…understand the ocean’s physical, optical, and biological changes and their effects on climate processes, as discussed in Behrenfeld et al. (2001), Chavez et al. (1999), and others. www.intechopen.com Recent Hurricane Research - Climate, Dynamics, and Societal Impacts 556 However, in NASA’s…”
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Towards a seascape typology. II. Zipf analysis of one-dimensional patterns
Mitchell, J. G., & Seuront, L. (2008) · doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2006.03.026 · Cited by 2
“…et al., 1996), finding structure associated with fronts and ocean biomass structure (Platt, 1972; Strutton et al., 1996; Strutton et al., 1997a,b; Chavez et al., 1999), and getting various glimpses at microscale phytoplankton distributions (Mitchell and Fuhrman, 1989; Cowles et al., 1993; Cowles…”
Background
PMEL Contributions to the OceanSITES Program
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“…than most of the other biogeochemical parameters reported (varying by a factor of 3 to 10), including nutrients, chlorophyll, phytoplankton5 and zooplankton biomass, new production and export production (Chavez et al., 1999; McClain et al., 2002; Murtugudde et al., 1999; Wang et al., 2005a, 2006b).”
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“…cold tongue are representative mesoscale westward propagating equatorial waves, which have been found in sea surface temperature (SST), sea level height, ocean salinity, and sea surface chlorophyll concentration (Legeckis, 1977; Chavez et al., 1999; Chelton et al., 2000; Menkes et al., 2002).”
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“En effet, touchant les strates de la biosphère, il est susceptible de provoquer, entre autres, l'altération du développement du phytoplancton 4 , l'appauvrissement des ressources halieutiques au large des côtes péruviennes , des inondations – 6 – îles Fidji, en Indonésie, dans l'est de l'Australie…”
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“Figure 9d is the average July 1998 chlorophyll anomaly (Chavez et al., 1999), showing an intense bloom co-located with the eastward surface jet (Ryan et al., 2002).”
Background
북동태평양 KODOS 해역의 유기탄소 및 겉보기산소량 특성
손, 주., 손, 승., 김, 경., 김, 기., 박, 용., 김, 동., & 김, 태. (2005) · doi:10.4217/opr.2005.27.1.001
The Oceans
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Modeling recent trends and variability in the oceanic carbon cycle of the California Current System
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“For instance, combining in-situ measurements with satellite observations, Chavez (1999) investigated the response of the equatorial Pacific to the intense El Niño of 1997/1998 and found a decrease in the CO2 outgassing strength and concurrent declines in nutrient availability and chlorophyll…”
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Untitled work
(2001) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2001)031
Self-citation
Untitled work
Quesada (2001) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2001)014
Untitled work
McHugh, M. (2004) · doi:10.1175/1520-0442(2004)017
Self-citation
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(2003) · doi:10.1175/1520-0485(2003)033
Untitled work
(2002) · doi:10.1175/1520-0426(2002)019

Authors: Chavez, F. P., Strutton, P. G., Friederich, G. E., Feely, R. A., Feldman, G. C., Foley, D. G., & McPhaden, M. J.
Affiliations: Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA..
Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (US)
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (US)
ORCID: Strutton, P. G.
Feely, R. A.
McPhaden, M. J.
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 1999-12-10
Volume: 286
Issue: 5447
Pages: 2126-2131
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5447.2126
OpenAlex: W1980051345
Cited by: 642
References: 41
Citations by year: 2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
FWCI: 23.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
figshare.com
Licence: cc-by
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Plankton and Biogeochemistry
Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
Keywords: 1997-1998 El Niño, equatorial Pacific, ocean carbon uptake, phytoplankton blooms, chlorophyll content, nutrient depletion, upwelling, ocean productivity, ocean observing systems

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Biological and Chemical Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño

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