The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Biological and Chemical Response of the Equatorial Pacific Ocean to the 1997-98 El Niño
Open accessAbstract
During the 1997–98 El Niño, the equatorial Pacific Ocean retained 0.7 × 10 15 grams of carbon that normally would have been lost to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. The surface ocean became impoverished in plant nutrients, and chlorophyll concentrations were the lowest on record. A dramatic recovery occurred in mid-1998, the system became highly productive, analogous to coastal environments, and carbon dioxide flux out of the ocean was again high. The spatial extent of the phytoplankton bloom that followed recovery from El Niño was the largest ever observed for the equatorial Pacific. These chemical and ecological perturbations were linked to changes in the upwelling of nutrient-enriched waters. The description and explanation of these dynamic changes would not have been possible without an observing system that combines biological, chemical, and physical sensors on moorings with remote sensing of chlorophyll.
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“Sea Surface Temperature (SST), SST anomalies, dissolved oxygen concentration, illumination, wind speed, current movements, depth of mixing layer, upwelling and food availability are major factors which are influencing the growth, and convergence zone”
From El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) impact on tuna fisheries in Indian Ocean (2014) · cites this paper as Chavez et al. 1999
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Biogeochemical Controls and Feedbacks on Ocean Primary Production
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Climate-driven trends in contemporary ocean productivity
Behrenfeld, M. J., O’Malley, R. T., Siegel, D. A., McClain, C. R., Sarmiento, J. L., Feldman, G. C., Milligan, A. J., Falkowski, P. G., Letelier, R. M., & Boss, E. S. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05317 · Cited by 2,485
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Self-citationFrom Anchovies to Sardines and Back: Multidecadal Change in the Pacific Ocean
Chavez, F. P., Ryan, J., Lluch-Cota, S. E., & Ñiquen C., M. (2003) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1075880 · Cited by 1,641
Self-citationEcological Consequences of Recent Climate Change
McCarty, J. P. (2001) · Conservation Biology · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.015002320.x · Cited by 1,117
“Species and ecosystems respond to events such as storms (Mehlman 1997), drought (Grant 1986; Allen & Breshears 1998), and periodic, complex climate shifts such as the North Atlantic oscillation and the El Niño southern oscillation (ENSO) in the Pacific (Barber & Chavez 1983; Chavez et al. 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialCarbon‐based ocean productivity and phytoplankton physiology from space
Behrenfeld, M. J., Boss, E., Siegel, D. A., & Shea, D. M. (2005) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2004gb002299 · Cited by 1,218
“…of the central Pacific (i.e., CP-L2, CP-L3 (Figure 2a)) and characterized by a strong shift in Chl:C during the 1997–1998 El Niño to La Niña transition [Chavez et al., 1999; Behrenfeld et al., 2001], followed by an extended period of low-level, correlated variability in Chl and C (Figure 2f ).”
BackgroundPrimary production in the eastern tropical Pacific: A review
Pennington, J., Mahoney, K., Kuwahara, V. S., Kolber, D., Calienes, R., & Chavez, F. (2006) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.pocean.2006.03.012 · Cited by 774
“…modern study because of its impact on the carbon cycle in relation to global warming and because of the equator’s role as an oceanographic ‘waveguide’ or ‘teleconnector’ during El Niño (Chavez and Barber, 1987; Murray et al., 1994; Murray et al., 1995; Chavez et al., 1999; Chai et al., 2002).”
BackgroundSelf-citationChanges in turbulent mixing shift competition for light between phytoplankton species
Huisman, J., Sharples, J., Stroom, J., Visser, P., Kardinaal, W., Verspagen, J. M. H., & Sommeijer, B. (2004) · Ecology · doi:10.1890/03-0763 · Cited by 713
“…like those along the Pacific coasts of North and South America, where turbulent mixing of nutrients over the thermocline is greatly reduced during El Niño years, with major effects that cascade from the phytoplankton level throughout the entire food web (Chavez et al. 1999, Stenseth et al. 2002).”
BackgroundA decade of satellite ocean color observations.
McClain, C. (2009) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163650 · Cited by 657
“The inference is that the EU is the primary source of iron that eventually supported the La Niña bloom, as was suggested by Chavez et al (1999).”
BackgroundBiospheric Primary Production During an ENSO Transition
Behrenfeld, M., Randerson, J., McClain, C., Feldman, G., Los, S., Tucker, C., Falkowski, P., Field, C., Frouin, R., Esaias, W., et al. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1055071 · Cited by 637
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Polovina, J., Howell, E., Kobayashi, D., & Seki, M. P. (2001) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(01)00036-2 · Cited by 549
“…and Temperature Scanner (OCTS) and the Sea-viewing Wide Field-of-view Sensor (SeaWiFS), have provided high spatial and temporal resolution of surface chlorophyll concentrations that have proved the key to recent studies on physical-biological links in the tropical Pacific (Chavez et al., 1999).”
Marine Primary Production in Relation to Climate Variability and Change
Chávez, F. P., Messié, M., & Pennington, J. T. (2010) · Annual Review of Marine Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.marine.010908.163917 · Cited by 558
“The strong El Niño’s of 1982–1983 and 1997–1998 forcefully demonstrated that global-scale climate change can be rapid and dramatic (Chavez et al. 1999, Behrenfeld et al. 2001).”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationSimó, R. (2001) · Trends in Ecology & Evolution · doi:10.1016/s0169-5347(01)02152-8 · Cited by 507
D'Angelo, C., & Wiedenmann, J. (2014) · Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability · doi:10.1016/j.cosust.2013.11.029 · Cited by 493
Global distribution and dynamics of colored dissolved and detrital organic materials.
Siegel, D. A., Maritorena, S., Nelson, N. B., Hansell, D. A., & Lorenzi‐Kayser, M. (2002) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans · doi:10.1029/2001jc000965 · Cited by 472
“For example, a large CDM pulse is observed during the summer of 1998 in the equatorial Pacific Ocean (0°, 155°W), in response to the transition from El Niño to La Niña conditions (Figure 5e [e.g., Chavez et al., 1999]).”
BackgroundMcClain, C., Feldman, G., & Hooker, S. (2004) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.11.001 · Cited by 449
Self-citationEvolution of the 2002/03 El Niño*
McPhaden, M. J. (2004) · Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society · doi:10.1175/bams-85-5-677 · Cited by 372
Self-citationRed tides in the Gulf of Mexico: Where, when, and why?
Walsh, J., Jolliff, J., Darrow, B. P., Lenes, J. M., Milroy, S. P., Remsen, A., Dieterle, D., Carder, K., Chen, F.-R., Vargo, G., et al. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research · doi:10.1029/2004jc002813 · Cited by 362
“[185] El Nino during the preceding year of 1998 was the strongest event over the last century [Chavez et al., 1999], with warm sea surface temperature anomalies of >5.0 C found at 100 W, averaged over 2 N to 2 S (www.pmel. noaa.gov/tao).”
InfluentialGlobal and regional evaluation of the SeaWiFS chlorophyll data set
Gregg, W. W., & Casey, N. W. (2004) · Remote Sensing of Environment · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2003.12.012 · Cited by 342
“Chavez et al. (1999), Kahru and Mitchell (2001), Leonard et al. (2001), and Tang et al. (2003) showed very good agreement in the eastern Equatorial Pacific, the gyre portion of the North Central Pacific, the California Current, and the South China Sea, respectively.”
BackgroundAlvain, S., Moulin, C., Dandonneau, Y., & Loisel, H. (2008) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2007gb003154 · Cited by 394
Modelling regional responses by marine pelagic ecosystems to global climate change
Boyd, P., & Doney, S. (2002) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2001gl014130 · Cited by 347
“In the Equatorial Pacific, shoaling of the upper-ocean thermocline results in increased upwelling of iron and inorganic carbon rich water, and a community shift to large diatoms with subsequent greater export [Chavez et al., 1999] (both positive and negative feedback).”
BackgroundEnvironmental control of open‐ocean phytoplankton groups: Now and in the future
Boyd, P., Strzepek, R., Fu, F.-X., & Hutchins, D. A. (2010) · Limnology and Oceanography · doi:10.4319/lo.2010.55.3.1353 · Cited by 323
“For example, in the HNLC Equatorial Pacific waters, diatoms bloom during the la Niňa condition as Fe supply is increased by sixfold over ambient conditions (Chavez et al. 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialBaker-Austin, C., Stockley, L., Rangdale, R., & Martínez-Urtaza, J. (2010) · Environmental Microbiology Reports · doi:10.1111/j.1758-2229.2009.00096.x · Cited by 301
Controls on tropical Pacific Ocean productivity revealed through nutrient stress diagnostics
Behrenfeld, M., Worthington, K., Sherrell, R., Chavez, F., Strutton, P., McPhaden, M., & Shea, D. M. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05083 · Cited by 285
Self-citationBiological and chemical consequences of the 1997–1998 El Niño in central California waters
Chavez, F. P., Pennington, J., Castro, C., Ryan, J. P., Michisaki, R., Schlining, B., Walz, P., Buck, K. R., McFadyen, A., & Collins, C. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00050-2 · Cited by 284
“We have estimated new production from wind-driven coastal upwelling for the California coast following Chavez and Toggweiler (1995) (1 Sverdrup per 1000 km of coast and 20 µM nitrate in the source water) to be 5 × 1013gC per year.”
MethodSelf-citationThe role of food, weather and climate in limiting the abundance of animals
White, T. C. R. (2008) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/j.1469-185x.2008.00041.x · Cited by 307
“PORTIER, C., FESTA-BIANCHET, M., GAILLARD, J.-M., JORGENSON, J. T. & YOCCOZ, N. G. (1998).”
BackgroundInfluentialInterannual Variability in the North Atlantic Ocean Carbon Sink
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Young people's burden: requirement of negative CO 2 emissions
Hansen, J., Sato, M., Kharecha, P., von Schuckmann, K., Beerling, D. J., Cao, J., Marcott, S., Masson-Delmotte, V., Prather, M. J., Rohling, E. J., et al. (2017) · Earth System Dynamics · doi:10.5194/esd-8-577-2017 · Cited by 266
Phytoplankton and iron: validation of a global three-dimensional ocean biogeochemical model
Gregg, W., Ginoux, P., Schopf, P., & Casey, N. (2003) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2003.07.013 · Cited by 254
“Chavez et al. (1999) showed that nitrate concentrations decreased two orders of magnitude in the tropical Pacific during the 1997–1998 El Ninõ, and similar effects may be expected with respect to iron.”
BackgroundPhytoplankton phenology in the global ocean
Racault, M., Quéré, C. L., Buitenhuis, E. T., Sathyendranath, S., & Platt, T. (2011) · Ecological Indicators · doi:10.1016/j.ecolind.2011.07.010 · Cited by 279
Climate anomalies and the increasing risk of Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Vibrio vulnificus illnesses
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Doney, S. C., Lima, I. D., Feely, R. A., Glover, D. M., Lindsay, K., Mahowald, N. M., Moore, J. K., & Wanninkhof, R. H. (2008) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.006 · Cited by 239
Self-citationDecadal variability of the air‐sea CO 2 fluxes in the equatorial Pacific Ocean
Feely, R. A., Takahashi, T., Wanninkhof, R. H., McPhaden, M. J., Cosca, C. E., Sutherland, S. C., & Carr, M. (2006) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2005jc003129 · Cited by 216
Self-citationEnvironmental change in the eastern tropical Pacific Ocean: review of ENSO and decadal variability
Fiedler, P. (2002) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps244265 · Cited by 216
“…lamented that ‘the role of climatic variation in regulating marine populations and communities is not well understood… probably because of the mismatch between the scales of important atmospheric and oceanographic processes and the spatial and temporal dimensions of biological research programs’.”
BackgroundTwentieth-Century Oceanic Carbon Uptake and Storage in CESM1(BGC)*
Long, M. C., Lindsay, K., Peacock, S., Moore, J. K., & Doney, S. C. (2013) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli-d-12-00184.1 · Cited by 210
“This reduces outgassing locally (Feely et al. 1999; Chavez et al. 1999); furthermore, physical mechanisms in the ocean and atmosphere propagate ENSO-related variability over much of the globe (Wang and Schimel 2003).”
BackgroundDecadal changes in global ocean chlorophyll
Gregg, W. W., & Conkright, M. E. (2002) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2002gl014689 · Cited by 192
Yoder, J. A., & Kennelly, M. A. (2003) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2002gb001942 · Cited by 188
“Ocean color signatures of the 1997–1998 ENSO event in the equatorial Pacific and elsewhere were previously studied [e.g., Chavez et al. , 1999; Murtugudde et al. , 1999; Wilson and Adamec , 2001], and the results show that the regional impact of the 1997–1998 ENSO was large and also affected global…”
Seasonal and interannual variability of CO2 in the equatorial Pacific
Feely, R. A., Boutin, J., Cosca, C. E., Dandonneau, Y., Etcheto, J., INOUE, H. Y., Ishii, M., Quéré, C. L., Mackey, D. J., McPhaden, M. J., et al. (2002) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(02)00044-9 · Cited by 205
Self-citationInterannual Variation in Phytoplankton Primary Production at A Global Scale
Rousseaux, C. S., & Gregg, W. W. (2013) · Remote Sensing · doi:10.3390/rs6010001 · Cited by 216
Schwing, F., Murphree, T., Dewitt, L., & Green, P. M. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00064-2 · Cited by 188
Seminoff, J., Zárate, P. M., Coyne, M. S., Foley, D., Parker, D. M., Lyon, B., & Dutton, P. (2007) · Endangered Species Research · doi:10.3354/esr00066 · Cited by 178
“This 3 to 6 yr cycle within the coupled oceanatmosphere system of the tropical Pacific brings increased surface water temperatures and lower primary productivity, both of which have profound biological consequences (Chavez et al. 1999).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPhysical Transport of Nutrients and the Maintenance of Biological Production
Williams, R. G., & Follows, M. (2003) · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-55844-3_3 · Cited by 180
“2.23, upper panel) (Chavez et al. 1998; Chavez et al. 1999; Murtugudde et al. 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialFriederich, G. E., Walz, P. M., Burczynski, M. G., & Chávez, F. P. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00049-6 · Cited by 160
Self-citationMajor pathways by which climate may force marine fish populations
Ottersen, G., Kim, S., Huse, G., Polovina, J. J., & Stenseth, N. C. (2009) · Journal of Marine Systems · doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2008.12.013 · Cited by 169
Mechanisms of air‐sea CO 2 flux variability in the equatorial Pacific and the North Atlantic
McKinley, G. A., Follows, M. J., & Marshall, J. C. (2004) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2003gb002179 · Cited by 173
“[28] Chavez et al. [1999] find that during a non-El Nin˜o period in 1995–1996, the CO2 flux from 10� St o 10� N in the equatorial Pacific had an observed maximum of 6.0 mol m � 2 yr � 1 , and that this drops to 0.5 mol m � 2 yr � 1”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialRecent progress on two types of El Niño: Observations, dynamics, and future changes
Yeh, S., Kug, J., & An, S. (2014) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences · doi:10.1007/s13143-014-0028-3 · Cited by 154
Saba, V. S., Tomillo, P. S., Reina, R. D., Spotila, J. R., Musick, J. A., EVANS, D. A., & Paladino, F. V. (2007) · Journal of Applied Ecology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2664.2007.01276.x · Cited by 153
“The predominating physical indices of ENSO are anomalies of SST in the equatorial Pacific ( Chavez et al . 1999; McPhaden & Yu 1999; Zelle et al . 2004; Burgers, Jin & Oldenborgh 2005).”
BackgroundInfluentialDickey, T. D., Lewis, M. R., & Chang, G. C. (2006) · Reviews of Geophysics · doi:10.1029/2003rg000148 · Cited by 177
“…Hawaii [Clark et al., 1997], in Monterey Bay [Chavez et al., 1997], in the Sea of Japan/East Sea [Mitomi et al., 1998], in the equatorial Pacific [Chavez et al., 1999], off the south coast of Plymouth, England [Pinkerton and Aiken, 1999], in the Mediterranean off Monaco [Twardowski et al.,…”
BackgroundKahru, M., & Mitchell, B. (2001) · doi:10.1029/1999jc000094 · Cited by 162
Long-term changes in pelagic tunicates of the California Current
Lavaniegos, B. E., & Ohman, M. D. (2003) · Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(03)00132-2 · Cited by 158
Wang, M., Knobelspiesse, K., & McClain, C. (2005) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2004jd004950 · Cited by 158
“[24] In contrast, both the NCP and EP regions have fairly constant seasonal ocean ptical properties except during the El Nin˜o and La Nin˜a in 1997‐1998 [ Chavez et al., 1999 ].”
BackgroundBoyd, P., Mctainsh, G., Sherlock, V., Richardson, K. M., Nichol, S., Ellwood, M., & Frew, R. (2004) · doi:10.1029/2002gb002020 · Cited by 157
“…Southern Ocean (island wake effects, Kerguelen [Blain et al., 2001]), the equatorial Pacific (variations in upwelling rate, Cromwell Undercurrent [Chavez et al., 1999]), from autonomous profilers in the northeast Pacific (a dust deposition event, Asia [Bishop et al., 2002]), and in situ…”
BackgroundImpacts of VIIRS SDR performance on ocean color products
Wang, M., Liu, X.-M., Tan, L., Jiang, L.-D., Son, S., Shi, W., Rausch, K., & Voss, K. (2013) · doi:10.1002/jgrd.50793 · Cited by 156
Mapping phytoplankton iron utilization: Insights into Southern Ocean supply mechanisms
Boyd, P. W., Arrigo, K. R., Strzepek, R. F., & A, G. L. V. D. (2012) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2011jc007726 · Cited by 175
“…of both climate variability and natural perturbations, which document how increased Fe supply, either via upwelling in the Equatorial Pacific [Chavez et al., 1999] or from volcanic eruptions such as in the NE Pacific [Hamme et al., 2010], can have a pronounced effect on oceanic productivity.”
BackgroundChatterjee, A., Gierach, M. M., Sutton, A. J., Feely, R. A., Crisp, D., Eldering, A., Gunson, M. R., O’Dell, C., Stephens, B. B., & SCHIMEL, D. S. (2017) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aam5776 · Cited by 182
Self-citationThe Global Tropical Moored Buoy Array
McPhaden, M. J., & McPhaden, M. J. (2010) · doi:10.5270/oceanobs09.cwp.61 · Cited by 147
“In 1999, there were two biogeochemical stations established on TAO moorings in the Pacific (Fig. 1a; [ 83 ]).”
BackgroundSelf-citationAstor, Y., Muller-Karger, F. E., & Scranton, M. I. (2002) · Continental Shelf Research · doi:10.1016/s0278-4343(02)00130-9 · Cited by 133
“A major change to the ‘‘normal’’ seasonal cycle occurred in 1997–1998, which may have been due to an El Ni *no-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) event (Nerem et al., 1999; Chavez et al., 1999).”
BackgroundApplication of Neural Network Principal Components to Climate Data
Ali, A. H. (2004) · Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology · doi:10.1175/1520-0426(2004)021 · Cited by 7
Emerging ocean observations for interdisciplinary data assimilation systems
Dickey, T. (2003) · doi:10.1016/s0924-7963(03)00011-3 · Cited by 145
“A recent discovery is that physical processes (e.g., tropical instability waves) are reflected in the ecosystem and phytoplankton as evidenced by interdisciplinary mooring and satellite ocean color data sets (e.g., Foley et al., 1997; Chavez et al., 1998, 1999).”
BackgroundAquarius reveals salinity structure of tropical instability waves
Lee, T., Lagerloef, G., Gierach, M., Kao, H., Yueh, S., & Dohan, K. (2012) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2012gl052232 · Cited by 142
Lengaigne, M., Menkès, C., Aumont, O., Gorguès, T., Bopp, L., André, J., & Madec, G. (2006) · Climate Dynamics · doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0200-2 · Cited by 170
“Moreover, the ocean biology in the tropical Pacific is strongly influenced by seasonal to interannual climate variations, in particular by El Nin ˜ o/La Nina transitions that are mainly controlled by upwelling processes (decrease productivity during El Nino, increase during La Nina; Barber et al. 1996; Chavez et al. 1…”
BackgroundBiogeochemical modelling of the tropical Pacific Ocean. I: Seasonal and interannual variability
Christian, J., Verschell, M., Murtugudde, R., Busalacchi, A., & McClain, C. (2001) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(01)00110-2 · Cited by 140
“The strong upwelling at this time (La Ni * na condition) resulted from a very abrupt cessation of the trade winds ( Chavez et al., 1999 ), which is not reproduced by the model forced with the standard (e.g., NCEP) wind products.”
BackgroundSea‐to‐air CO 2 flux from 1948 to 2003: A model study
Wetzel, P., Winguth, A., & Maier‐Reimer, E. (2005) · Global Biogeochemical Cycles · doi:10.1029/2004gb002339 · Cited by 127
“In association with the strong El Nin˜o event in 1997/1998 we find a reduction to 0.2 PgC yr � 1 , which is in agreement with the observational evidence of 0.2 ± 0.14 PgC [ Chavez et al., 1999 ].”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialOccurrence and distribution of Vibrio cholerae in the coastal environment of Peru.
Gil, A., Louis, V., Rivera, I. N., Lipp, E., Huq, A., Lanata, C., Taylor, D., Russek-Cohen, E., Choopun, N., Sack, R., et al. (2004) · Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2004.00601.x · Cited by 137
“This El Niño event had profound ecological repercussions (Chavez et al., 1999), and the sustained above-normal temperatures are concluded to have played a role in the increased number of cholera cases.”
BackgroundCarbon and Climate System Coupling on Timescales from the Precambrian to the Anthropocene
Doney, S. C., & SCHIMEL, D. S. (2007) · Annual Review of Environment and Resources · doi:10.1146/annurev.energy.32.041706.124700 · Cited by 127
Tropical Transpacific Shore Fishes
Robertson, D., Grove, J., & Mccosker, J. (2004) · Pacific Science · doi:10.1353/psc.2004.0041 · Cited by 134
“First, during an El Niño the equatorial productivity produced at other times by upwelling from the EUC (Chavez et al. 1999) is nearly eliminated.”
BackgroundInfluentialHyrenbach, K., & Veit, R. (2003) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(03)00123-1 · Cited by 133
“…diminishes primary productivity, and stimulates a switch from a phytoplankton community dominated by large cells (e.g., Chaetoceros diatoms) to a smaller-celled picoplankton assemblage (e.g., Synechococcus) (McGowan, 1985; Fiedler et al., 1992; Lynn et al., 1995; Chavez, 1996; Chavez et al., 1999).”
BackgroundMenge, B., Cerny-Chipman, E. B., Johnson, A., Sullivan, J., Gravem, S., & Chan, F. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0153994 · Cited by 131
Schneider, B., Bopp, L., Gehlen, M., Segschneider, J., Frölicher, T., Cadule, P., Friedlingstein, P., Doney, S., Behrenfeld, M., & Joos, F. (2008) · Biogeosciences · doi:10.5194/bg-5-597-2008 · Cited by 131
“Consequently, during an El Nino period, PP in the tropical Pacific is reduced, whereas at a La Nina situation it is enhanced (Behrenfeld et al., 2001; Chavez et al., 1999).”
BackgroundInfluence of the 1997–98 El Niño on the surface chlorophyll in the California Current
Kahru, M., & Mitchell, B. (2000) · doi:10.1029/2000gl011486 · Cited by 131
Green macroalgae blooms in the Yellow Sea during the spring and summer of 2008
Shi, W., & Wang, M. (2009) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2009jc005513 · Cited by 129
“These include some examples of the study and understanding of ocean physical, optical, and biological changes with climate variability [Behrenfeld et al., 2001; Chavez et al., 1999 ], ocean responses to a shortterm weather event [Babin et al., 2004; Shi and Wang, 2007, 2008; Walker et al., 2005], HAB events [Tang et a…”
BackgroundAbraham, C. L., & Sydeman, W. (2004) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps274235 · Cited by 129
“…may not represent a typical ENSO year: several lines of evidence suggest that there was a dramatic recovery in ocean climate by May in the tropics (Chavez et al. 1999) and by July in Monterey Bay (Marinovic et al. 2002) to cold, La Niña-like conditions, which would facilitate auklet chick growth…”
BackgroundBackground nutrient concentration determines phytoplankton bloom response to marine heatwaves
Hayashida, H., Matear, R. J., & Strutton, P. G. (2020) · Global Change Biology · doi:10.1111/gcb.15255 · Cited by 149
Self-citationBorgne, R. L., Barber, R., Delcroix, T., Inoue, H. Y., Mackey, D., & Rodier, M. (2002) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(02)00045-0 · Cited by 127
Menkes, C. E. R., Vialard, J. G., Kennan, S. C., Boulanger, J.-P., & Madec, G. V. (2006) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo2904.1 · Cited by 127
“They appear in spaceborne sea surface temperature (SST) as well as ocean color measurements (Legeckis 1977; Chavez et al. 1999; Chelton et al. 2000; Menkes et al. 2002), as large-scale westward-propagating oscillations of the temperature front separating cold and chlorophyll-rich waters of the equatorial upwelling fro…”
BackgroundDynamic evolution of the 1997–1999 El Niño–La Niña cycle in the southern California Current System
Lynn, R., & Bograd, S. (2002) · Progress In Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0079-6611(02)00043-5 · Cited by 123
Acoustic and satellite remote sensing of blue whale seasonality and habitat in the Northeast Pacific
Burtenshaw, J. C., Oleson, E., Hildebrand, J., Mcdonald, M., Andrew, R. K., Howe, B., & Mercer, J. (2004) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2004.06.020 · Cited by 120
“The spatial extent of the 1999 phytoplankton bloom was the largest ever documented in the equatorial Pacific (Chavez et al., 1999).”
BackgroundKoutavas, A., & Lynch-Stieglitz, J. (2003) · Paleoceanography · doi:10.1029/2003pa000894 · Cited by 119
“…SST variations in the tropical Pacific are correlated with global temperature and rainfall anomalies [Halpert and Ropelewski, 1992; Trenberth et al., 1998] and impact Earth’s radiative balance [Soden, 1997; Pierrehumbert, 2000] and carbon cycle [Murray et al., 1994, Chavez et al., 1999].”
BackgroundThe volume scattering function of natural bubble populations
Zhang, X., Lewis, M., Lee, M., Johnson, B., & Korotaev, G. (2002) · doi:10.4319/lo.2002.47.5.1273 · Cited by 117
Vantrepotte, V., & Mélin, F. (2009) · ICES Journal of Marine Science · doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsp107 · Cited by 115
“such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (Chavez et al., 1999), the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (Chavez et al.”
BackgroundTemperature Advection by Tropical Instability Waves
Jochum, M., & Murtugudde, R. (2006) · Journal of Physical Oceanography · doi:10.1175/jpo2870.1 · Cited by 115
“plankton and nutrient distribution has been observed by Chavez et al. (1999) and Menkes et al. (2002).”
BackgroundProjected response of an endangered marine turtle population to climate change
Saba, V., Stock, C., Spotila, J., Paladino, F., & Tomillo, P. S. (2012) · doi:10.1038/nclimate1582 · Cited by 114
Upwelling in the continental shelf of northern South China Sea associated with 1997–1998 El Niño
Jing, Z.-Y., Qi, Y.-Q., & Du, Y. (2011) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2010jc006598 · Cited by 114
“[5] On interannual and decadal time scales, dramatic shifts in nearshore productivity and ecosystems are linked to the changes of atmospheric and oceanic circulation [ Chavez et al., 1999; Thomas et al., 2001].”
BackgroundBiophysical Feedbacks in the Tropical Pacific
Marzeion, B., Timmermann, A., Murtugudde, R. G., & Jin, F. (2005) · Journal of Climate · doi:10.1175/jcli3261.1 · Cited by 96
Wilson, C., & Adamec, D. (2001) · Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/2000jc000724 · Cited by 96
Decadal-Scale Climate and Ecosystem Interactions in the North Pacific Ocean
Miller, A. J., Chai, F., Chiba, S., Moisan, J. R., & Neilson, D. J. (2004) · Journal of Oceanography · doi:10.1023/b:joce.0000038325.36306.95 · Cited by 111
“During the strong 1997–98 El Niño, the surface nutrients and chlorophyll diminished and the equatorial Pacific Ocean retained 1.0 PgC of carbon that normally would have been lost to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide (Chavez et al., 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialBiological effects of El Niño on the Galápagos penguin
Vargas, F. H., Harrison, S., Rea, S., & Macdonald, D. W. (2006) · Biological Conservation · doi:10.1016/j.biocon.2005.08.001 · Cited by 110
Pospelova, V., Esenkulova, S., Johannessen, S. C., O'Brien, M. C., & Macdonald, R. W. (2010) · Marine Micropaleontology · doi:10.1016/j.marmicro.2010.02.003 · Cited by 113
Phytoplankton influences on tropical climate
Timmermann, A., & Jin, F. (2002) · doi:10.1029/2002gl015434 · Cited by 110
“At the same time ocean biology is strongly influenced by interannual climate variations in the tropical Pacific [Chavez et al., 1998, 1999; Leonard and McClain, 1996].”
BackgroundInter-annual variations in the SeaWiFS global chlorophyll a concentration (1997–2007)
Vantrepotte, V., & Mélin, F. (2011) · Deep Sea Research Part I Oceanographic Research Papers · doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2011.02.003 · Cited by 132
Emergence of Asiatic Vibrio Diseases in South America in Phase With El Niño
Martínez-Urtaza, J., Huapaya, B., Gavilán, R. G., Blanco-Abad, V., Ansede‐Bermejo, J. J., Cadarso-Suárez, C., Figueiras, A., & Trinanes, J. A. (2008) · Epidemiology · doi:10.1097/ede.0b013e3181883d43 · Cited by 108
Satellite ocean-color observations of the tropical Pacific Ocean
McClain, C. R., Christian, J. R., Signorini, S. R., Lewis, M. R., Asanuma, I., Turk, D., & Dupouy, C. (2002) · Deep Sea Research Part II Topical Studies in Oceanography · doi:10.1016/s0967-0645(02)00047-4 · Cited by 105
“as the upper limit of values observed by Chavez et al. (1999) .”
InfluentialPhysical‐biological coupling in the California Current during the 1997–99 El Niño‐La Niña Cycle
Bograd, S. J., & Lynn, R. J. (2001) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2000gl012047 · Cited by 106
Detection of turbid waters and absorbing aerosols for the MODIS ocean color data processing
Shi, W., & Wang, M. (2007) · doi:10.1016/j.rse.2007.02.013 · Cited by 106
Nathan, S. A., & Leckie, R. (2009) · doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2009.01.007 · Cited by 105
“In the EEP, carbonate and siliceous productivity weakened as the EUC waned, warmer surface waters created a lid (Chavez et al., 1999), and the “carbonate crash” reached a nadir at ~9.5 Ma (Fig.”
BackgroundInfluentialGlobal fields of sea surface dimethylsulfide predicted from chlorophyll, nutrients and light
Anderson, T. R., Spall, S. A., Yool, A., Cipollini, P. P., Challenor, P., & Fasham, M. J. R. (2001) · Journal of Marine Systems · doi:10.1016/s0924-7963(01)00028-8 · Cited by 110
Catastrophe, recovery and range limitation in NE Pacific kelp forests: a large-scale perspective
Edwards, M., & Estes, J. (2006) · doi:10.3354/meps320079 · Cited by 103
Human Impacts on Ancient Marine Ecosystems: A Global Perspective
Rick, T., & Erlandson, J. (2008) · doi:10.5860/choice.46-0986 · Cited by 103
Energy budget calculations indicate resource limitation in Eastern Pacific leatherback turtles
Wallace, B., Kilham, S. S., Paladino, F., & Spotila, J. (2006) · Marine Ecology Progress Series · doi:10.3354/meps318263 · Cited by 88
“…South America (Glantz 2001) depressing the nutrient-rich, cold upwelling off the South American Pacific coast, resulting in decreased primary productivity, altered marine and terrestrial food webs, and widespread changes in weather patterns (Chavez et al. 1999, Glantz 2001, Stenseth et al. 2002).”
Metadata
- Authors
- Chavez, F. P., Strutton, P. G., Friederich, G. E., Feely, R. A., Feldman, G. C., Foley, D. G., & McPhaden, M. J.
- Affiliations
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA..
- Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute (US)
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (US)
- Goddard Space Flight Center (US)
- NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service (US)
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 1999-12-10
- Volume
- 286
- Issue
- 5447
- Pages
- 2126-2131
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- OpenAlex
- W1980051345
- Cited by
- 642
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 29 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 23.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Marine Plankton and Biogeochemistry
- Physical Sciences › Earth and Planetary Sciences › Oceanography › Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Climate variability and models
- Keywords
- 1997-1998 El Niño, equatorial Pacific, ocean carbon uptake, phytoplankton blooms, chlorophyll content, nutrient depletion, upwelling, ocean productivity, ocean observing systems
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