Early-branching gut fungi possess a large, comprehensive array of biomass-degrading enzymes
Open accessAbstract
The fungal kingdom is the source of almost all industrial enzymes in use for lignocellulose bioprocessing. We developed a systems-level approach that integrates transcriptomic sequencing, proteomics, phenotype, and biochemical studies of relatively unexplored basal fungi. Anaerobic gut fungi isolated from herbivores produce a large array of biomass-degrading enzymes that synergistically degrade crude, untreated plant biomass and are competitive with optimized commercial preparations from Aspergillus and Trichoderma. Compared to these model platforms, gut fungal enzymes are unbiased in substrate preference due to a wealth of xylan-degrading enzymes. These enzymes are universally catabolite-repressed and are further regulated by a rich landscape of noncoding regulatory RNAs. Additionally, we identified several promising sequence-divergent enzyme candidates for lignocellulosic bioprocessing.
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Anaerobic fungi are among the most potent fiber-degrading organisms in the known biological world, primarily due to their efficient and extensive set of enzymes for the degradation of plant structural polymers.
“anaerobic fungi are among the most potent fiber-degrading organisms in the known biological world, primarily due to their efficient and extensive set of enzymes for the degradation of plant structural polymers (Solomon et al., 2016).”
From Addressing global ruminant agricultural challenges through understanding the rumen microbiome: past, present, and future (2018) · cites this paper as Solomon et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Solomon, K. V., Haitjema, C. H., Henske, J. K., Gilmore, S. P., Borges-Rivera, D., Lipzen, A., Brewer, H. M., Purvine, S. O., Wright, A. T., Theodorou, M. K., Grigoriev, I. V., Regev, A., Thompson, D. A., & O’Malley, M. A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
- Broad Institute (US)
- United States Department of Energy (US)
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (US)
- Harper Adams University (GB)
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara (UCSB), Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Science
- Published
- 2016-03-11
- Volume
- 351
- Issue
- 6278
- Pages
- 1192-1195
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- 1095-9203
- PMC
- PMC5098331
- OpenAlex
- W2275863076
- Cited by
- 302
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 33 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 13
- FWCI
- 16.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Harper Adams University Repository (GuildHE Research) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- DSpace@MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-sa)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- PMC
- Funders
- Biological and Environmental Research
- DOE (DE-SC0010352)
- U.S. Department of Agriculture (2011-67017-20459)
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies (W911NF-09-0001)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biotechnology › Enzyme Production and Characterization
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Keywords
- gut fungi, anaerobic fungi, biomass-degrading enzymes, xylan-degrading enzymes, catabolite repression, enzyme discovery, Aspergillus, Trichoderma, transcriptomics, proteomics
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Aspergillus, Biotechnology, Cellulose, Substrate Specificity, Trichoderma, Xylans, RNA, Untranslated, Gastrointestinal Tract, Cellulases, Herbivory
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