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Cited by 1,206Education, Achievement, and GiftednessScience Education and PerceptionsCareer Development and Diversity

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 36 of the 36 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children's interests

Bian, Lin, Leslie, Sarah-Jane, Cimpian, Andrei·2017·Science
DOI 10.1126/science.aah6524
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Abstract

Common stereotypes associate high-level intellectual ability (brilliance, genius, etc.) with men more than women. These stereotypes discourage women's pursuit of many prestigious careers; that is, women are underrepresented in fields whose members cherish brilliance (such as physics and philosophy). Here we show that these stereotypes are endorsed by, and influence the interests of, children as young as 6. Specifically, 6-year-old girls are less likely than boys to believe that members of their gender are "really, really smart." Also at age 6, girls begin to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart." These findings suggest that gendered notions of brilliance are acquired early and have an immediate effect on children's interests.

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  1. J. Eccles C. Midgley T. F. Adler “Grade-related changes in the school environment: Effects on achievement motivation ” in The Development of Achievement Motivation J. G. Nicholls Ed. (JAI Press 1984) pp. 282–331.

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Metadata

Authors
Bian, L., Leslie, S.-J., & Cimpian, A.
Affiliations
  • University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
  • Princeton University (US)
Corresponding author
  • Bian, Lin
  • Cimpian, Andrei
ORCID
Venue
Science
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published
2017-01-27
Volume
355
Issue
6323
Pages
389-391
ISSN
  • 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-9203
DOI
10.1126/science.aah6524
OpenAlex
W2580263176
Cited by
1,206
References
36
Citations by year
2026: 96 · 2025: 156 · 2024: 127 · 2023: 143 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 133 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 126 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 40
FWCI
140.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse (vor, 365 d)
Locations
  • Science (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Illinois
  • NSF (BCS-1530669)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Science Education and Perceptions
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Career Development and Diversity
Keywords
gender stereotypes, intellectual ability, brilliance, child gender differences, children's interests, underrepresentation of women in science
MeSH terms
Child, Female, Games, Experimental, Gender Identity, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Stereotyping

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