Cited by 1,206Education, Achievement, and GiftednessScience Education and PerceptionsCareer Development and Diversity

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Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children's interests

Bian, Lin, Leslie, Sarah-Jane, Cimpian, Andrei·2017·Science

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Abstract

Common stereotypes associate high-level intellectual ability (brilliance, genius, etc.) with men more than women. These stereotypes discourage women's pursuit of many prestigious careers; that is, women are underrepresented in fields whose members cherish brilliance (such as physics and philosophy). Here we show that these stereotypes are endorsed by, and influence the interests of, children as young as 6. Specifically, 6-year-old girls are less likely than boys to believe that members of their gender are "really, really smart." Also at age 6, girls begin to avoid activities said to be for children who are "really, really smart." These findings suggest that gendered notions of brilliance are acquired early and have an immediate effect on children's interests.

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Lei, R. F., Green, E. R., Leslie, S., & Rhodes, M. (2019) · Developmental Science · doi:10.1111/desc.12837 · Cited by 49

Authors: Bian, L., Leslie, S.-J., & Cimpian, A.
Affiliations: University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
Princeton University (US)
Corresponding author: Bian, Lin
Cimpian, Andrei
ORCID: Bian, Lin
Leslie, Sarah-Jane
Cimpian, Andrei
Venue: Science
Publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
Published: 2017-01-27
Volume: 355
Issue: 6323
Pages: 389-391
ISSN: 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
1095-9203
DOI: 10.1126/science.aah6524
OpenAlex: W2580263176
Cited by: 1,206
References: 36
Citations by year: 2026: 96 · 2025: 156 · 2024: 127 · 2023: 143 · 2022: 148 · 2021: 133 · 2020: 158 · 2019: 126 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 40
FWCI: 140.72
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.sciencemag.org/about/science-licenses-journal-article-reuse (vor, 365 d)
Locations: Science (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: University of Illinois
NSF (BCS-1530669)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Education, Achievement, and Giftedness
Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Science Education and Perceptions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Career Development and Diversity
Keywords: gender stereotypes, intellectual ability, brilliance, child gender differences, children's interests, underrepresentation of women in science
MeSH terms: Child, Female, Games, Experimental, Gender Identity, Humans, Intelligence, Male, Stereotyping

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Gender stereotypes about intellectual ability emerge early and influence children's interests

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