Cytosine, but not adenine, base editors induce genome-wide off-target mutations in rice

The Sequence Alignment/Map format and SAMtools

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Programmable editing of a target base in genomic DNA without double-stranded DNA cleavage

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CRISPR-Cas Technology: A Genome-Editing Powerhouse for Molecular Plant Breeding

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Molecular and Computational Strategies to Increase the Efficiency of CRISPR-Based Techniques

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Cytosine base editors (CBEs) for inducing targeted DNA base editing in Nicotiana benthamiana

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An Agrobacterium‐mediated base editing approach generates transgene‐free edited banana

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Cloning and base editing of GFP transgenic rhesus monkey and off-target analysis

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Efficient Gene Disruption via Base Editing Induced Stop in Newt Pleurodeles waltl

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Sequence modification on demand: search and replace tools for precise gene editing in plants

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Advances in gene therapy for neurogenetic diseases: a brief review

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The Prominent Characteristics of the Effective sgRNA for a Precise CRISPR Genome Editing

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Governance of Heritable Human Gene Editing World-Wide and Beyond

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Plant Breeding Using the CRISPR-Cas9 System for Food Security and Facing Climate Change

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SPLICER: a highly efficient base editing toolbox that enables in vivo therapeutic exon skipping

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Charting the development and engineering of CRISPR base editors: lessons and inspirations

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Evaluation and prediction of guide RNA activities in genome-editing tools

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Phage peptides mediate precision base editing with focused targeting window

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CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing tools and their possible role in disease resistance mechanism

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Powerful Microbial Base-Editing Toolbox: From Optimization Strategies to Versatile Applications

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Recent advances of genome editing and related technologies in China

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Innovative Therapies for Hemoglobin Disorders

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Improvements in the genetic editing technologies: CRISPR-Cas and beyond

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Advances in CRISPR/Cas technologies and their application in plants

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Cytosine base editors optimized for genome editing in potato protoplasts

Westberg, I. N., Carlsen, F. M., Johansen, I. E., & Petersen, B. L. (2023) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2023.1247702 · Cited by 10

A circularly permuted CasRx platform for efficient, site-specific RNA editing

Wang, Y., Liu, K. I., Liu, M. M., Ooi, K. H., Nguyen, T. A. T., Chee, J. E., Teo, S. X. D., He, S., Tay, D. J. W., Teo, S. Y., et al. (2024) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-024-02430-w · Cited by 10

Programmed sequential cutting endows Cas9 versatile base substitution capability in plants

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Convergence of human pluripotent stem cell, organoid, and genome editing technologies

Wang, L., Ye, Z., & Jang, Y.-Y. (2021) · Experimental Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1177/1535370220985808 · Cited by 10

Fast and Efficient Generation of Isogenic Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Lines Using Adenine Base Editing

Nami, F., Ramezankhani, R., Vandenabeele, M., Vervliet, T., Vogels, K., Urano, F., & Verfaillie, C. M. (2021) · The CRISPR Journal · doi:10.1089/crispr.2021.0006 · Cited by 10

Generation of permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus dogs with glucokinase point mutations through base editing

Wang, X., Liang, Y., Zhao, J., Li, Y., Gou, S., Zheng, M., Zhou, J., Zhang, Q., Mi, J., & Lai, L. (2021) · Cell Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41421-021-00304-y · Cited by 9

Current technological interventions and applications of CRISPR/Cas for crop improvement

Shah, P., Magar, N. D., & Barbadikar, K. M. (2021) · Molecular Biology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11033-021-06926-5 · Cited by 9

MagnEdit—interacting factors that recruit DNA-editing enzymes to single base targets

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Engineering TadA ortholog-derived cytosine base editor without motif preference and adenosine activity limitation

Li, G., Dong, X., Luo, J., Yuan, T., Li, T., Zhao, G., Zhang, H., Zhou, J., Zeng, Z., Cui, S., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-52485-1 · Cited by 9

Direct delivery of Cas-embedded cytosine base editors as ribonucleoprotein complexes for efficient and accurate editing of clinically relevant targets

Lee, J. M., Zeng, J., Liu, P., Nguyen, M. A., Loustaunau, D. S., Bauer, D. E., Yılmaz, N. K., Wolfe, S. A., & Schiffer, C. A. (2024) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkae1217 · Cited by 10

Development of cytosine and adenine base editors for maize precision breeding

Fu, X., Wang, N., Li, L., Qiao, D., Qi, X., Liu, C., Gao, Z., Xie, C., & Zhu, J. (2025) · Journal of Integrative Plant Biology · doi:10.1111/jipb.13964 · Cited by 8

High-efficiency base editing for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA with an optimized DYW-like deaminase

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Engineering of high-precision C-to-G base editors with expanded site selectivity and target compatibility

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In vivo base editing rescues ADPKD in a humanized mouse model

Cheng, A. S., Li, L. X., Zhou, J. X., Harris, P. C., Calvet, J. P., & Li, X. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-65997-1 · Cited by 9

CRISPR/Cas gene editing for plant resistance to pests, diseases, and herbicide: application, risk assessment, and safety evaluation

Song, X., Dang, C., Wang, F., Yao, H., Song, Q., & Yè, G. (2026) · GM crops & food · doi:10.1080/21645698.2026.2641893 · Cited by 9

Challenges and Future Prospects of CRISPR Technology

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Understanding floral biology for CRISPR-based modification of color and fragrance in horticultural plants

Khan, Z., Razzaq, A., Sattar, T., Ahmed, A., Khan, S. H., & Ghouri, M. Z. (2022) · F1000Research · doi:10.12688/f1000research.122453.1 · Cited by 8

Precise correction of a spectrum of β-thalassemia mutations in coding and non-coding regions by base editors

Prasad, K. M., Devaraju, N., George, A., Ravi, N. S., Paul, J., Mahalingam, G., Rajendiran, V., Panigrahi, L., Venkatesan, V., Lakhotiya, K., et al. (2024) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2024.102205 · Cited by 10

Engineering Adenine Deaminase TadA for Precise and PAM‐Flexible Point Mutagenesis and Gradient‐Tuning Endogenous Protein Design

Sun, K., Cheng, S., Chai, N., Mi, J., Zhang, R., Qian, Q., Zheng, Z., Chen, K., Zeng, D., Peng, X., et al. (2025) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202506644 · Cited by 8

Measuring targeting specificity of genome-editing by nuclear transfer and sequencing (NT-seq)

Feng, T., Li, Z., Qi, X., Liu, J., Gao, F., Ma, Z., Chen, C., Cao, G., Wang, J., Wu, S., et al. (2020) · Cell Discovery · doi:10.1038/s41421-020-00205-6 · Cited by 7

Impacts of Genetically Engineered Crops on the Soil Microbiome, Biological Processes, and Ecosystem Services

Kremer, R. J. (2020) · Topics in biodiversity and conservation · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-53183-6_6 · Cited by 8

PAM-Expanded Streptococcus thermophilus Cas9 C-to-T and C-to-G Base Editors for Programmable Base Editing in Mycobacteria

Zhang, H., Zhang, Y., Wang, W., Chen, W., Zhang, X., Huang, X., Chen, W., & Ji, Q. (2022) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2022.02.013 · Cited by 8

Chemical and Biological Approaches to Interrogate off-Target Effects of Genome Editing Tools

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High-fidelity base editor with no detectable genome-wide off-target effectsPreprint

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APOBEC Reporter Systems for Evaluating diNucleotide Editing Levels

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A long journey towards genome editing technologies in plants: a technical and critical review of genome editing technologies

Gallo, D., Meunier, A., & Périn, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Genome Editing · doi:10.3389/fgeed.2025.1663352 · Cited by 10

Library‐Assisted Evolution in Eukaryotic Cells Yield Adenine Base Editors with Enhanced Editing Specificity

Hsiao, S., Chen, S., Jiang, Y., Wang, Q., Yang, Y., Lai, Y., Zhong, T., Liao, J., & Wu, Y. (2024) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202309004 · Cited by 7

Precision epitope editing: A path to advanced immunotherapies

Ji, R.-J., Wang, M.-Y., & Zhang, Y. (2024) · Cell Insight · doi:10.1016/j.cellin.2024.100226 · Cited by 8

Nature Biotechnology’s academic spinouts of 2018

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Cost-effective generation of A-to-G mutant mice by zygote electroporation of adenine base editor ribonucleoproteins

Sun, H., Zhi, S., Wu, G., Wu, G., Cao, T., Hu, H., Songyang, Z., Liang, P., & Huang, J. (2020) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2020.05.005 · Cited by 7

Expanding genome editing scopes with artificial intelligence

Yang, L. C., & Chen, J. (2023) · 中国科学通报：英文版 · doi:10.1016/j.scib.2023.10.025 · Cited by 7

Engineering a bacterial toxin deaminase from the DYW-family into a novel cytosine base editor for plants and mammalian cells

Zhang, D., Parth, F., da Silva, L. M., Ha, T.-C., Schambach, A., & Boch, J. (2025) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-025-03478-w · Cited by 6

Engineered Sdd7 cytosine base editors with enhanced specificity

Hwang, H.-Y., Lee, M., Yi, H., Seok, C., Lim, K., Na, Y. R., Kang, J.-S., Park, J.-H., & Kim, D. (2025) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60789-z · Cited by 6

Base editing: a brief review and a practical example

Choe, D., & Musunuru, K. (2020) · Journal of Biomedical Research · doi:10.7555/jbr.34.20200003 · Cited by 6

Unbiased whole genome detection of ultrarare off‐target mutations in genome‐edited cell populations by HiFi sequencing

Miranda, J. A., Fenner, K. N., McKinzie, P. B., Dobrovolsky, V. N., & Revollo, J. R. (2023) · Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis · doi:10.1002/em.22566 · Cited by 7

CRISPR/CAS as a Powerful Tool for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cure: A Review

Komninakis, S. V., Domingues, W., Sanabani, S. S., Folgosi, V. Â., Barbosa, I. N., & Casseb, J. (2024) · AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses · doi:10.1089/aid.2022.0148 · Cited by 6

The era of genome editing: current updates and the status of food and nutrition security

Khaled, F., Mehta, S., Agrawal, P. K., Abdel-Monem, U. M., Elakkad, H. A., Gendy, A. S. H., Al-Maracy, S. H. A., Heakel, R. M. Y., Wafa, H. A., Fathy, R., et al. (2024) · Frontiers in Sustainability · doi:10.3389/frsus.2024.1378712 · Cited by 6

Accelerated discovery and miniaturization of novel single-stranded cytidine deaminases

Deng, J., Li, X., Yu, H., Yang, L., Wang, Z., Yi, W., Liu, Y., Xiao, W., Xiang, H., Xie, Z., et al. (2024) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkae800 · Cited by 6

CRISPR-Cas9-based approaches for genetic analysis and epistatic interaction studies in Coxiella burnetii

Steiner, S., & Roy, C. R. (2024) · mSphere · doi:10.1128/msphere.00523-24 · Cited by 6

In vivo adenine base editing ameliorates Rho-associated autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa

Hu, S., Chen, Y., Zhou, Y., Cao, T., Liu, S., Ding, C., Xie, D., Liang, P., Huang, L. T., Liu, H., et al. (2024) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2024.12.012 · Cited by 6

Efficient and risk-reduced genome editing using double nicks enhanced by bacterial recombination factors in multiple species

He, X., Chen, W., Liu, Z., Yu, G., Chen, Y., Cai, Y., Sun, L., Xu, W., Zhong, L., Gao, C., et al. (2020) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkaa195 · Cited by 6

New and novel genetic tools for improving crops

Suprasanna, P., Saddhe, A. A., Ghuge, S. A., & Ingle, K. P. (2021) · CABI Reviews · doi:10.1079/pavsnnr202116028 · Cited by 7

CRISPR base editing lowers cholesterol in monkeys

van Kampen, S. J., & van Rooij, E. (2021) · Nature Biotechnology · doi:10.1038/s41587-021-00975-8 · Cited by 6

Advances in identifying GM plants: toward the routine detection of ‘hidden’ and ‘new’ GMOs

Bertheau, Y. (2021) · Burleigh Dodds series in agricultural science · doi:10.19103/as.2021.0097.22 · Cited by 6

Efficient silencing of the multicopy DUX4 gene by ABE-mediated start codon mutation in human embryos

Liu, Y., Lu, X., Ye, M., Wang, L., Tang, R., Yang, Z.-Y., Turathum, B., Liu, C., Xue, Y., Wu, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of genetics and genomics/Journal of Genetics and Genomics · doi:10.1016/j.jgg.2022.02.010 · Cited by 7

Combined Theoretical, Bioinformatic, and Biochemical Analyses of RNA Editing by Adenine Base Editors

Rallapalli, K. L., Ranzau, B. L., Ganapathy, K. R., Paesani, F., & Komor, A. C. (2022) · The CRISPR Journal · doi:10.1089/crispr.2021.0131 · Cited by 7

Production of MSTN knockout porcine cells using adenine base-editing-mediated exon skipping

Yang, S.-P., Zhu, X., Qu, Z.-X., Chen, C.-Y., Wu, Y.-B., Wu, Y., Luo, Z.-D., Wang, X., He, C.-Y., Fang, J.-W., et al. (2023) · In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Animal · doi:10.1007/s11626-023-00763-5 · Cited by 6

Detect-seq, a chemical labeling and biotin pull-down approach for the unbiased and genome-wide off-target evaluation of programmable cytosine base editors

Lei, Z., Meng, H., Rao, X., Zhao, H., & Yi, C. (2023) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/s41596-023-00837-4 · Cited by 6

Human embryo gene editing: God's scalpel or Pandora's box?

Zhou, Q., Zhang, Y., Zou, Y., Yin, T., & Yang, J. (2019) · Briefings in Functional Genomics · doi:10.1093/bfgp/elz025 · Cited by 6

Computational Methods for Analysis of Large-Scale CRISPR Screens

Lin, X., Chemparathy, A., Russa, M. F. L., Daley, T., & Qi, L. S. (2020) · Annual Review of Biomedical Data Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-biodatasci-020520-113523 · Cited by 7

KPT330 improves Cas9 precision genome- and base-editing by selectively regulating mRNA nuclear export

Cui, Y., Wang, S., Ma, T., Yu, P., Chen, J., Guo, T., Meng, G., Jiang, B., Dong, J., & Liu, J. (2022) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03188-0 · Cited by 6

CRISPR/Cas9 Editing: Sparking Discussion on Safety in Light of the Need for New Therapeutics

Carlaw, T., Zhang, L., & Ross, C. J. (2020) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2020.111 · Cited by 7

Reduced off-target effect of NG-BE4max by using NG-HiFi system

Shan, H., Liu, Z., Jia, Y., Chen, S., Chen, M., Song, Y., Sui, T., Lai, L., & Li, Z. (2021) · Molecular Therapy — Nucleic Acids · doi:10.1016/j.omtn.2021.05.012 · Cited by 6

A single CRISPR base editor to induce simultaneous C-to-T and A-to-G mutationsPreprint

Sakata, R. C., Ishiguro, S., Mori, H., Tanaka, M., Seki, M., Masuyama, N., Nishida, K., Nishimasu, H., Kondo, A., Nureki, O., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/729269 · Cited by 6

Progress, Applications and Prospects of CRISPR-Based Genome Editing Technology in Gene Therapy for Cancer and Sickle Cell Disease

Zang, S.-S., Zhang, R., Zhang, J.-R., Zhang, X., & Li, J. (2025) · Human Gene Therapy · doi:10.1089/hum.2024.262 · Cited by 6

CRISPR-Cas technologies: Emerging tools from research to clinical application

Hyeon, H., Hwang, S., Luo, Y., Shin, E., Yeom, J., Kim, H., Ryu, M., & Lee, K. (2025) · The Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.71150/jm.2504012 · Cited by 7

An ADAR2-mimic base editor for efficient C-to-U RNA editing in vivo

Hao, C., Zhang, N., Mo, O., Chen, P., Liu, Q., Cheng, X., Li, X., & Hao, P. (2025) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2505269122 · Cited by 4

Precision genome editing with DNA base editors

Mawson, S. J., Dunne-Dombrink, K., Pollak, B. R., & Komor, A. C. (2026) · Nature Reviews Methods Primers · doi:10.1038/s43586-026-00478-3 · Cited by 8

A compact, versatile drug-induced splicing switch system with minimal background expression

Chi, Y., Lu, X., Li, S., Wang, J., Xi, J., Zhou, X., Tang, C., Chen, M., Yuan, H., Lin, S., et al. (2024) · Cell Reports Methods · doi:10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100842 · Cited by 6

Development and optimization of base editors and its application in crops

Jiang, C., Li, Y., Wang, R., Sun, X., Zhang, Y., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150942 · Cited by 7

Cytosine base editor-mediated high-efficiency myostatin editing in Hu sheep

Wang, Y., Liu, W. J., Meng, C. H., Wang, H. L., Cui, Z. K., Zhang, J., Zhang, J. L., Qian, Y., Li, Y. X., & Cao, S. (2025) · Functional & Integrative Genomics · doi:10.1007/s10142-025-01698-8 · Cited by 6

Loop replacement design: a new way to improve potency of plant cystatins

Kunert, K. J., & Pillay, P. (2022) · FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16335 · Cited by 5

i-Silence, Please! An Alternative for Gene Disruption via Adenine Base Editors

Jang, H., & Bae, S. (2020) · Molecular Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.ymthe.2020.01.009 · Cited by 6

The Development and Application of a Base Editor in Biomedicine

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Moving genome edited crops forward from the laboratory bench to the kitchen table

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Unbiased prediction of off‐target sites in genome‐edited rice using SITE‐Seq analysis on a web‐based platform

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A new paradigm in transplant immunology: At the crossroad of synthetic biology and biomaterials

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Cytosine base editor generates substantial off-target single-nucleotide variants in mouse embryos

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Cytosine base editors go off-target

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Spotting off-targets from gene editing

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Expanding the base editing scope in rice by using Cas9 variants

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