Cited by 94Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmiasCardiovascular Effects of ExerciseCell death mechanisms and regulation

Exercise triggers CAPN1-mediated AIF truncation, inducing myocyte cell death in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy

Open access
Chelko, Stephen P., Keceli, Gizem, Carpi, Andrea, Doti, Nunzianna, Agrimi, Jacopo, Asimaki, Angeliki, Beti, Carlos Bueno, Miyamoto, Matthew +18 more·2021·Science Translational Medicine

Abstract

Exercise-induced activation of calpain and nuclear translocation of calpain-cleaved apoptotic factor AIF triggers cardiomyocyte death in ACM.

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Registry

Crossref · 10.1126/scitranslmed.abf0891

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  • Environmental modifiers such as endurance exercise, psychological stress, diet, alcohol, and metabolic dysregulation influence ACM disease penetrance and progression, in part through modulation of inflammatory processes.

    “environmental modifiers such as endurance exercise [24,25,26,27,28,29,30], psychological stress [31,32,33], diet [34,35], alcohol [36], and metabolic dysregulation [37,38,39] have been shown to influence disease penetrance and progression, in part, through modulation of inflammatory processes.”

    From A Paradigm Shift: Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Is an Inflammatory Disease (2026) · cites this paper as [29]

    The Discussion states that exercise can increase the risk of ACM progression, and the Results report prominent myocardial inflammation and immune-cell infiltration in exercised ACM-model mice (page numbers unavailable). The paper does not establish that inflammation mediates exercise’s effect on progression or demonstrate an effect on disease penetrance. The other listed modifiers have separate citations and are not assessed here. (LLM, conf=0.84)

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  • An exercise-induced, mitochondrial-mediated pathway involving CAPN1 cleaves mitochondrial-bound AIF; truncated AIF translocates to the nucleus, inducing caspase-independent DNA fragmentation and cell death, a specialized necroptotic cell death program.

    “A critical exercise-induced, mitochondrial-mediated pathway was recently uncovered, involving the calcium-dependent cysteine protease, calpain-1 (CAPN1), where CAPN1 cleaves the mitochondrial-bound apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) [29]. Truncated AIF translocates to the nucleus, inducing caspase-independent DNA fragmentation and cell death, a specialized necroptotic cell death program.”

    From A Paradigm Shift: Arrhythmogenic Cardiomyopathy Is an Inflammatory Disease (2026) · cites this paper as [29]

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  • This is potentiated by mitochondrial oxidative stress due to depleted TRX2 and TXNRD2 stores, leading to impaired ROS buffering.

    “This is potentiated by mitochondrial oxidative stress due to depleted thioredoxin-2 (TRX2) and TRX2 reductase (TXNRD2) stores, leading to impaired ROS buffering [29].”

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Authors
Chelko, S. P., Keceli, G., Carpi, A., Doti, N., Agrimi, J., Asimaki, A., Beti, C. B., Miyamoto, M., Amat-Codina, N., Bedja, D., Wei, A.-C., Murray, B., Tichnell, C., Kwon, C., Calkins, H., James, C. A., O’Rourke, B., Halushka, M. K., Melloni, E., Saffitz, J. E., Judge, D. P., Ruvo, M., Kitsis, R. N., Andersen, P., Di Lisa, F., & Paolocci, N.
Affiliations
  • Florida State University (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • University of Padua (IT)
  • Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging (IT)
  • St George's, University of London (GB)
  • Molecular and Clinical Sciences Research Institute, St. George’s, University of London, London WC1E 6BS, UK.
  • Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
  • University of Genoa (IT)
  • Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
  • Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
  • Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy.
Corresponding author
  • Chelko, Stephen P.
  • Paolocci, Nazareno
Venue
Science Translational Medicine
Published
2021-02-17
Volume
13
Issue
581
ISSN
  • 1946-6234 (ISSN-L)
  • 1946-6242
OpenAlex
W3129563346
Cited by
92
References
107
Citations by year
2026: 10 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 12
FWCI
10.39
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Science Translational Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • St George's Online Research Archive (St George's University of London) (acceptedVersion)
  • Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (RO1 HL136918, R01 HL063030, R01 HL137259, T32 AG058527, R01 HD086026)
  • American Heart Association (19CDA34760185, 17GRNT33670405)
  • Magic That Matters Fund (MTMF)
  • Fondation Leducq (16CVD02, 16CVD04)
  • Maryland Stem Cell Research Fund (2015-MSCRFI-1622)
  • Gilead Foundation (Gilead Research Scholars in Cardiovascular Disease Fund)
  • University of Padova Strategico Grant (DYCENDI)
  • Heart Rhythm Society (Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology Fellowship Award)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac electrophysiology and arrhythmias
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
Keywords
arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, calpain-1, calpain, apoptosis, necrosis, cyclophilin A, PPIA, AIF nuclear translocation, myocyte death, physical activity, heart failure, cardiomyopathy
MeSH terms
Animals, Calpain, Mitochondria, Cardiomyopathies, Physical Conditioning, Animal, Cell Death, Myocytes, Cardiac, Apoptosis Inducing Factor, Mice

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