Tissue Penetration of Antifungal Agents
Open accessAbstract
SUMMARY: Understanding the tissue penetration of systemically administered antifungal agents is critical for a proper appreciation of their antifungal efficacy in animals and humans. Both the time course of an antifungal drug and its absolute concentrations within tissues may differ significantly from those observed in the bloodstream. In addition, tissue concentrations must also be interpreted within the context of the pathogenesis of the various invasive fungal infections, which differ significantly. There are major technical obstacles to the estimation of concentrations of antifungal agents in various tissue subcompartments, yet these agents, even those within the same class, may exhibit markedly different tissue distributions. This review explores these issues and provides a summary of tissue concentrations of 11 currently licensed systemic antifungal agents. It also explores the therapeutic implications of their distribution at various sites of infection.
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ITZ has limited penetration into some types of tissues, restricting its effectiveness.
“Additionally, ITZ has limited penetration into some types of tissues, restricting its effectiveness.105”
From Itraconazole as a repurposed anti-cancer agent: focusing on synthesis, mechanisms of action and therapeutic insights (2026) · cites this paper as [105]
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- Authors
- Felton, T., Troke, P. F., & Hope, W. W.
- Affiliations
- The University of Manchester, Academic Health Science Centre, University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, United Kingdom
- The Old Court, Kingsgate, Kent, United Kingdom
- University of Liverpool (GB)
- ORCID
- Hope, William W.
- Venue
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews
- Publisher
- American Society for Microbiology
- Published
- 2014-01
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 68-88
- ISSN
- 0893-8512 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-6618
- PMC
- PMC3910906
- OpenAlex
- W2151225364
- Cited by
- 426
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 37 · 2025: 37 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 43 · 2021: 49 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 3.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Clinical Microbiology Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Gilead Sciences
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (CS/08/08/10)
- Astellas Pharma
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Fungal Infections and Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Antibiotics Pharmacokinetics and Efficacy
- Keywords
- antifungal agents, tissue penetration, tissue distribution, invasive fungal infections, pharmacokinetics, antifungal efficacy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Antifungal Agents, Humans, Mycoses
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