Inflammatory cytokines in cancer: tumour necrosis factor and interleukin 6 take the stage
Abstract
Up to 20% of all cancers arise in association with chronic inflammation and most, if not all, solid tumours contain inflammatory infiltrates. Immune cells have a broad impact on tumour initiation, growth and progression and many of these effects are mediated by proinflammatory cytokines. Among these cytokines, the pro-tumourogenic function of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) is well established. The role of TNF and IL-6 as master regulators of tumour-associated inflammation and tumourigenesis makes them attractive targets for adjuvant treatment in cancer.
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Persistent inflammation can initiate or promote malignant progression, and a pro-tumorigenic role of IL-6 has been suggested.
“Persistent inflammation can initiate or promote (Grivennikov and Karin, 2011) malignant progression and a pro-tumorigenic role of IL-6, which is elevated in many types of cancer, has been suggested (Heikkila et al., 2008).”
From Model Based Targeting of IL-6-Induced Inflammatory Responses in Cultured Primary Hepatocytes to Improve Application of the JAK Inhibitor Ruxolitinib (2017) · cites this paper as Grivennikov and Karin, 2011
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“Persistent inflammation can initiate or promote (Grivennikov and Karin, 2011) malignant progression and a pro-tumorigenic role of IL-6, which is elevated in many types of cancer, has been suggested (Heikkila et al.”
Background
- Authors
- Grivennikov, S. I., & Karin, M.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Karin, Michael
- Venue
- Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2011-03
- Volume
- 70
- Pages
- i104-i108
- ISSN
- 0003-4967 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2016541161
- Cited by
- 560
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 34 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 30 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 40 · 2017: 44 · 2016: 48 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 53
- FWCI
- 4.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Crohn's and Colitis Foundation
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cytokine Signaling Pathways and Interactions
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune cells in cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Rheumatoid Arthritis Research and Therapies
- Keywords
- TNF-α, interleukin-6, inflammatory cytokines, chronic inflammation, tumour-associated inflammation, tumor microenvironment, tumourigenesis, adjuvant cancer therapy
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Transformation, Neoplastic, Colonic Neoplasms, Disease Models, Animal, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Neoplasms, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Interleukin-6, Inflammation Mediators, Mice
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