Effect of tocilizumab on clinical outcomes at 15 days in patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019: randomised controlled trial.
Open accessAbstract
Objective: To determine whether tocilizumab improves clinical outcomes for patients with severe or critical coronavirus disease 2019 (covid-19). Design: Randomised, open label trial. Setting: Nine hospitals in Brazil, 8 May to 17 July 2020. Participants: Adults with confirmed covid-19 who were receiving supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation and had abnormal levels of at least two serum biomarkers (C reactive protein, D dimer, lactate dehydrogenase, or ferritin). The data monitoring committee recommended stopping the trial early, after 129 patients had been enrolled, because of an increased number of deaths at 15 days in the tocilizumab group. Interventions: Tocilizumab (single intravenous infusion of 8 mg/kg) plus standard care (n=65) versus standard care alone (n=64). Main outcome measure: The primary outcome, clinical status measured at 15 days using a seven level ordinal scale, was analysed as a composite of death or mechanical ventilation because the assumption of odds proportionality was not met. Results: A total of 129 patients were enrolled (mean age 57 (SD 14) years; 68% men) and all completed follow-up. All patients in the tocilizumab group and two in the standard care group received tocilizumab. 18 of 65 (28%) patients in the tocilizumab group and 13 of 64 (20%) in the standard care group were receiving mechanical ventilation or died at day 15 (odds ratio 1.54, 95% confidence interval 0.66 to 3.66; P=0.32). Death at 15 days occurred in 11 (17%) patients in the tocilizumab group compared with 2 (3%) in the standard care group (odds ratio 6.42, 95% confidence interval 1.59 to 43.2). Adverse events were reported in 29 of 67 (43%) patients who received tocilizumab and 21 of 62 (34%) who did not receive tocilizumab. Conclusions: In patients with severe or critical covid-19, tocilizumab plus standard care was not superior to standard care alone in improving clinical outcomes at 15 days, and it might increase mortality. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04403685 .
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Trials of IL-6 antagonists in hospitalized COVID-19 patients have reported a mix of possible benefit, no benefit, and possible harm.
“During this initiative, trials variously reported potential clinical benefit, [8][9][10] no benefit, [11][12][13] and potential harm 14 with IL-6 antagonists in patients hospitalized for COVID-19.”
From Association Between Administration of IL-6 Antagonists and Mortality Among Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19: A Meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [14]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Wu, Z., & McGoogan, J. M. (2020) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2020.2648 · Cited by 17,016 · see citing works
Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with Covid-19
The RECOVERY Collaborative Group (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2021436 · Cited by 11,477 · see citing works
Effect of Dexamethasone in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19 – Preliminary Report
Horby, P., Lim, W. S., Emberson, J., Mafham, M., Bell, J., Linsell, L., Staplin, N., Brightling, C., Ustianowski, A., Elmahi, E., et al. (2020) · doi:10.1101/2020.06.22.20137273 · Cited by 11,475 · see citing works
COVID-19: consider cytokine storm syndromes and immunosuppression
Mehta, P., McAuley, D. F., Brown, M., Sanchez, E., Tattersall, R. S., & Manson, J. J. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30628-0 · Cited by 9,664 · see citing works
The socio-economic implications of the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19): a review
Nicola, M., Alsafi, Z., Sohrabi, C., Kerwan, A., Al-Jabir, A., Iosifidis, C., Agha, M., & Agha, R. (2020) · International Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.04.018 · Cited by 6,351 · see citing works
WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Dashboard
(2020) · Bangladesh Physiotherapy Journal · doi:10.46945/bpj.10.1.03.01 · Cited by 5,545 · see citing works
IL‐6 in inflammation, immunity, and disease
Tanaka, T., Narazaki, M., & Kishimoto, T. (2014) · Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology · doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016295 · Cited by 5,046 · see citing works
Clinical and immunological features of severe and moderate coronavirus disease 2019
Chen, G., Wu, D., Guo, W., Cao, Y., Huang, D., Wang, H., Wang, T., Zhang, X., Chen, H., Yu, H., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci137244 · Cited by 4,750 · see citing works
Imbalanced Host Response to SARS-CoV-2 Drives Development of COVID-19
Blanco-Melo, D., Nilsson-Payant, B. E., Liu, W.-C., Uhl, S., Hoagland, D., Møller, R., Jordan, T. X., Oishi, K., Panis, M., Sachs, D., et al. (2020) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2020.04.026 · Cited by 4,222 · see citing works
Pathological inflammation in patients with COVID-19: a key role for monocytes and macrophages
Merad, M., & Martin, J. C. (2020) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0331-4 · Cited by 2,472 · see citing works
Self-citationCytokine release syndrome in severe COVID-19
Moore, J. B., & June, C. H. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.abb8925 · Cited by 1,912 · see citing works
Efficacy of Tocilizumab in Patients Hospitalized with Covid-19
Stone, J. H., Frigault, M. J., Serling-Boyd, N. J., Fernandes, A. D., Harvey, L., Foulkes, A. S., Horick, N. K., Healy, B. C., Shah, R., Bensaci, A. M., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2028836 · Cited by 1,362 · see citing works
Elevated levels of IL-6 and CRP predict the need for mechanical ventilation in COVID-19
Herold, T., Jurinovic, V., Arnreich, C., Lipworth, B. J., Hellmuth, J. C., von Bergwelt-Baildon, M., Klein, M., & Weinberger, T. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.05.008 · Cited by 1,161 · see citing works
Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients with Severe Covid-19 Pneumonia
Rosas, I. O., Bräu, N., Waters, M., Go, R. C., Hunter, B. D., Bhagani, S. R., Skiest, D. J., Aziz, M. S., Cooper, N., Douglas, I. S., et al. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2028700 · Cited by 1,124 · see citing works
Hydroxychloroquine with or without Azithromycin in Mild-to-Moderate Covid-19
Cavalcanti, A. B., Zampieri, F. G., Rosa, R. G., Azevedo, L. C. P., Veiga, V. C., Avezum, Á., Damiani, L. P., Marcadenti, A., Kawano-Dourado, L. B., Lisboa, T. C., et al. (2020) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2019014 · Cited by 1,082 · see citing works
Self-citationA living WHO guideline on drugs for covid-19 (2020-2023)
Agarwal, A., Hunt, B. J., Stegemann, M., Rochwerg, B., Lamontagne, F., Siemieniuk, R. A., Agoritsas, T., Askie, L., Lytvyn, L., Leo, Y.-S., et al. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m3379 · Cited by 1,041 · see citing works
Self-citationNishimoto, N., Terao, K., Mima, T., Nakahara, H., Takagi, N., & Kakehi, T. (2008) · Blood · doi:10.1182/blood-2008-05-155846 · Cited by 781 · see citing works
Hermine, O., Mariette, X., Tharaux, P.-L., Resche-Rigon, M., Porcher, R., Ravaud, P., CORIMUNO-19 Collaborative Group, Bureau, S., Dougados, M., Tibi, A., et al. (2021) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.6820 · Cited by 734 · see citing works
Salvarani, C., Dolci, G., Massari, M., Merlo, D. F., Cavuto, S., Savoldi, L., Bruzzi, P., Boni, F., Braglia, L., Turrà, C., et al. (2020) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.6615 · Cited by 684 · see citing works
Gupta, S., Wang, W., Hayek, S. S., Chan, L., Mathews, K. S., Melamed, M. L., Brenner, S. K., Leonberg-Yoo, A., Schenck, E. J., Radbel, J., et al. (2021) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.6252 · Cited by 535 · see citing works
Tocilizumab for Treatment of Mechanically Ventilated Patients With COVID-19
Somers, E. C., Eschenauer, G. A., Troost, J. P., Golob, J. L., Gandhi, T. N., Wang, L., Zhou, N., Petty, L. A., Baang, J. H., Dillman, N. O., et al. (2020) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciaa954 · Cited by 495 · see citing works
The role of IL-6 in host defence against infections: immunobiology and clinical implications
Rose-John, S., Winthrop, K., & Calabrese, L. (2017) · Nature Reviews Rheumatology · doi:10.1038/nrrheum.2017.83 · Cited by 424 · see citing works
Tocilizumab: A review in rheumatoid arthritis
Scott, L. J. (2017) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-017-0829-7 · Cited by 419 · see citing works
Campochiaro, C., Della‐Torre, E., Cavalli, G., Luca, G. D. D., Ripa, M., Boffini, N., Tomelleri, A., Baldissera, E. M., Rovere, P. Q., Ruggeri, A., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2020.05.021 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Furtado, R. H. M., Berwanger, O. B., Fonseca, H. A. R., Corrêa, T. D., Ferraz, L. J. R., Lapa, M. G., Zampieri, F. G., Veiga, V. C., Azevedo, L. C. P., Rosa, R. G., et al. (2020) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(20)31862-6 · Cited by 360 · see citing works
Self-citationIn the eye of the COVID-19 cytokine storm
Vaninov, N. (2020) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-020-0305-6 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Impact of low dose tocilizumab on mortality rate in patients with COVID-19 related pneumonia
Capra, R., Rossi, N. D., Mattioli, F., Romanelli, G., Scarpazza, C., Sormani, M. P., & Cossi, S. (2020) · European Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2020.05.009 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Tocilizumab therapy reduced intensive care unit admissions and/or mortality in COVID-19 patients
Klopfenstein, T., Zayet, S., Lohse, A., Balblanc, J.-C., Badie, J. C., Royer, P.-Y., Toko, L., Mezher, C., Kadiane-Oussou, N. J., Bossert, M., et al. (2020) · Médecine et Maladies Infectieuses · doi:10.1016/j.medmal.2020.05.001 · Cited by 267 · see citing works
IL-6–based mortality risk model for hospitalized patients with COVID-19
Laguna‐Goya, R., Utrero‐Rico, A., Talayero, P., Lasa‐Lázaro, M., Ramírez-Fernández, Á., Naranjo, L., Segura‐Tudela, A., Cabrera-Marante, Ó., de Frías, E. R., García-García, R., et al. (2020) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2020.07.009 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Colaneri, M., Bogliolo, L., Valsecchi, P., Sacchi, P., Zuccaro, V., Brandolino, F., Montecucco, C., Mojoli, F., Giusti, E. M., Bruno, R., et al. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8050695 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Tocilizumab for treatment of patients with severe COVID–19: A retrospective cohort study
Kewan, T. Z., Covut, F., Al‐Jaghbeer, M., Rose, L., Gopalakrishna, K. V., & Akbik, B. (2020) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2020.100418 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19 PneumoniaPreprint
Rosas, I. O., Bräu, N., Waters, M., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.08.27.20183442 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Rossotti, R., Travi, G., Ughi, N., Corradin, M., Baiguera, C., Fumagalli, R., Bottiroli, M., Mondino, M., Merli, M., Bellone, A., et al. (2020) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2020.07.008 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Early identification of COVID-19 cytokine storm and treatment with anakinra or tocilizumab
Langer-Gould, A. M., Smith, J. B., Gonzales, E. G., Castillo, R. D., Figueroa, J. G., Ramanathan, A., Li, B. H., & Gould, M. K. (2020) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.07.081 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Canziani, L. M., Trovati, S., Brunetta, E., Testa, A., Santis, M. D., Bombardieri, E., Guidelli, G. M., Albano, G., Folci, M., Squadroni, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102511 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Quartuccio, L., Sonaglia, A., Pecori, D., Peghin, M., Fabris, M., Tascini, C., & Vita, S. D. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26149 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Moreno, Ó., Andrés, M., León‐Ramírez, J., Sánchez–Payá, J., Rodrı́guez, J. C., Sánchez‐Martínez, R., Sevila, R. G., Boix, V., Gil, J., & Merino, E. (2020) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2020.102523 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Tocilizumab for patients with severe COVID-19: a retrospective, multi-center study
Tomasiewicz, K., Piekarska, A., Stempkowska‐Rejek, J., Serafińska, S., Gawkowska, A., Parczewski, M., Niścigórska-Olsen, J., Łapiński, T. W., Zarębska‐Michaluk, D., Kowalska, J. D., et al. (2020) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2020.1800453 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Horby, P., Roddick, A., Spata, E., Staplin, N., Emberson, J., Pessoa-Amorim, G., Peto, L., Campbell, M., Brightling, C., Prudon, B., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.12.10.20245944 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Petrak, R. M., Hise, N. W. V., Skorodin, N. C., Fliegelman, R. M., Chundi, V. V., Didwania, V., Han, A., Harting, B. P., & Hines, D. W. (2021) · Critical Care Explorations · doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000000395 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
de Farias, D. L. C., Prats, J. A. G. G., Cavalcanti, A. B., Rosa, R. G., Machado, F. R., Berwanger, O. B., Azevedo, L. C. P., Lópes, R. D., Avezum, Á., Kawano-Dourado, L. B., et al. (2020) · Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva · doi:10.5935/0103-507x.20200060 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citationPetrak, R. M., Hise, N. W. V., Skorodin, N. C., et al. (2020) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2020.10.27.20211433 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Abani, O., Abbas, A., Abbas, F., Abbas, M., Abbasi, S., Abbass, H., Abbott, A., Abdallah, N., Abdelaziz, A., Abdelfattah, M., et al. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00676-0 · Cited by 1,983 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 receptor antagonists in critically ill patients with Covid-19.
The REMAP-CAP Investigators (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa2100433 · Cited by 1,962 · see citing works
Drug treatments for covid-19: living systematic review and network meta-analysis
Siemieniuk, R. A., Bartoszko, J. J., Zeraatkar, D., Kum, E., Qasim, A., Díaz Martinez, J. P., Izcovich, A., Rochwerg, B., Lamontagne, F., Han, M. A., et al. (2020) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.m2980 · Cited by 846 · see citing works
The WHO Rapid Evidence Appraisal for COVID-19 Therapies (REACT) Working Group, Domingo, P., Mur, I., Mateo, G. M., Gutierrez, M. D. M., Pomar, V., de Benito, N., Corbacho, N., Herrera, S., Millan, L., et al. (2021) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2021.11330 · Cited by 678 · see citing works
Self-citationThe signal pathways and treatment of cytokine storm in COVID-19
Yang, L., Xie, X., Tu, Z., Fu, J., Xu, D., & Zhou, Y. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00679-0 · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Abaleke, E., Abbas, M. A., Abbasi, S., Abbott, A., Abdelaziz, A., Abdelbadiee, S., Abdelfattah, M., Abdul, B., Rasheed, A. A., Kadir, R. A., et al. (2021) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00149-5 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
COVID-19: breaking down a global health crisis
Mallah, S. I., Ghorab, O. K. H. A., Al-Salmi, S., Abdellatif, O. S., Tharmaratnam, T., Iskandar, M. M. A., Sefen, J. A. N., Sidhu, P., Atallah, B., El-Lababidi, R. M., et al. (2021) · Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials · doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00438-7 · Cited by 375 · see citing works
Lessons learned 1 year after SARS-CoV-2 emergence leading to COVID-19 pandemic
To, K. K., Sridhar, S., Chiu, K. H., Hung, D. L. L., Li, X., Hung, I. F., Tam, A. R., Chung, T. W., Chan, J. F., Zhang, J., et al. (2021) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2021.1898291 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Interleukin-6: obstacles to targeting a complex cytokine in critical illness
McElvaney, O. J., Curley, G. F., Rose‐John, S., & McElvaney, N. G. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00103-x · Cited by 284 · see citing works
Chalmers, J. D., Crichton, M. L., Goeminne, P., Cao, B., Humbert, M. J. C., Shteinberg, M., Antoniou, K. M., Ulrik, C. S., Parks, H., Wang, C., et al. (2021) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.00048-2021 · Cited by 221 · see citing works
COVID-19 and pulmonary fibrosis: a potential role for lung epithelial cells and fibroblasts
John, A. E., Joseph, C., Jenkins, G., & Tatler, A. L. (2021) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.12977 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Bhimraj, A., Morgan, R. L., Shumaker, A. H., Baden, L. R., Cheng, V. C., Edwards, K. M., Gallagher, J. C., Gandhi, R. T., Muller, W. J., Nakamura, M., et al. (2022) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciac724 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 blocking agents for treating COVID-19: a living systematic review
Ghosn, L., Chaimani, A., Evrenoglou, T., Davidson, M., Graña, C., Schmucker, C. M., Bollig, C., Henschke, N., Sguassero, Y., Nejstgaard, C. H., et al. (2021) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013881 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Pulmonary fibrosis secondary to COVID-19: a narrative review
Tanni, S. É., Fabro, A. T., de Albuquerque, A. L. P., Ferreira, E. V. M., Verrastro, C. G. Y., Sawamura, M. V. Y., Ribeiro, S. M., & Baldi, B. G. (2021) · Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1080/17476348.2021.1916472 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
ESCMID COVID-19 living guidelines: drug treatment and clinical management
Bartoletti, M., Azap, Ö. K., Barac, A. M., Bussini, L., Ergönül, Ö., Krause, R., Paño‐Pardo, J. R., Power, N. R., Sibani, M., Szabó, B. G., et al. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.11.007 · Cited by 165 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 Receptor Inhibition in Covid-19 — Cooling the Inflammatory Soup
Rubin, E. J., Longo, D. L., & Baden, L. R. (2021) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejme2103108 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Declercq, J., Damme, K. F. A. V., Leeuw, E. D., Maes, B., Bosteels, C., Tavernier, S. J., Buyser, S. L. D., Colman, R., Hites, M., Verschelden, G., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00377-5 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Is IL-6 a key cytokine target for therapy in COVID-19?
Jones, S. A., & Hunter, C. A. (2021) · Nature reviews. Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00553-8 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 as potential mediator of long-term neuropsychiatric symptoms of COVID-19
Kappelmann, N., Dantzer, R., & Khandaker, G. M. (2021) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105295 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Clinical features and prognostic factors in Covid-19: A prospective cohort study
de Bruin, S., Bos, L. D. J., van ROON, M. A., Boer, A. M. T., Schuurman, A. R., Koel-Simmelinck, M. J. A., Bogaard, H. J., Tuinman, P. R., van Agtmael, M. A., Hamann, J., et al. (2021) · EBioMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.ebiom.2021.103378 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Harb, H., Benamar, M., Lai, P. S., Contini, P., Griffith, J. W., Crestani, E., Schmitz‐Abe, K., Chen, Q., Fong, J. J. H., Marri, L., et al. (2021) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2021.04.002 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
The role of IL-6 and IL-6 blockade in COVID-19
Potere, N., Batticciotto, A., Vecchié, A., Porreca, E., Cappelli, A., Abbate, A., Dentali, F., & Bonaventura, A. (2021) · Expert Review of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1080/1744666x.2021.1919086 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
BNT162b2 and ChAdOx1 SARS-CoV-2 Post-vaccination Side-Effects Among Saudi Vaccinees
Alghamdi, A. N., Alotaibi, M. I., Alqahtani, A. S., Aboud, D. A., & Abdel-Moneim, A. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.760047 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Cesaro, S., Ljungman, P. T., Mikulska, M., Hirsch, H. H., von Lilienfeld‐Toal, M., Cordonnier, C., Meylan, S., Mehra, V., Styczyński, J., Marchesi, F., et al. (2022) · Leukemia · doi:10.1038/s41375-022-01578-1 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 receptor blockade in patients with COVID-19: placing clinical trials into context
Angriman, F., Ferreyro, B. L., Burry, L. D., Fan, E., Ferguson, N. D., Husain, S., Keshavjee, S. H., Lupia, E., Munshi, L., Renzi, S., et al. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00139-9 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Tocilizumab treatment for COVID-19 patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Wei, Q., Hua, L., Wei, R., Chen, N., He, F., Zou, D.-H., & Wei, J. (2021) · Infectious Diseases of Poverty · doi:10.1186/s40249-021-00857-w · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Rowaiye, A. B., Okpalefe, O. A., Onuh, O. A., Ogidigo, J. O., Oladipo, O. H., Ogu, A. C., Oli, A. N., Olofinsae, S. A., Onyekwere, O., Abubakar, A. R., et al. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s301784 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Distinctive features of severe SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia
Budinger, G. R. S., Misharin, A. V., Ridge, K. M., Singer, B. D., & Wunderink, R. G. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci149412 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Ning, Q., Wu, D., Wang, X., Xi, D., Chen, T., Chen, G., Wang, H., Lü, H., Wang, M., Zhu, L., et al. (2022) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-022-00907-1 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
The Incidence and Severity of Post-Vaccination Reactions after Vaccination against COVID-19
Jęśkowiak, I., Wiatrak, B., Grosman-Dziewiszek, P., & Szeląg, A. (2021) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines9050502 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Immunotherapy of COVID-19: Inside and Beyond IL-6 Signalling
Zizzo, G., Tamburello, A., Castelnovo, L., Laria, A., Mumoli, N., Faggioli, P. M., Stefani, I., & Mazzone, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.795315 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Snow, T. A. C., Saleem, N., Ambler, G., Nastouli, E., Singer, M., & Arulkumaran, N. (2021) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-021-06416-z · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Inflammatory pathways in COVID‐19: Mechanism and therapeutic interventions
Jiang, Y., Zhao, T., Zhou, X., Yu, X., Gutiérrez‐Castrellón, P., & Ma, X. (2022) · MedComm · doi:10.1002/mco2.154 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
An overview on the treatments and prevention against COVID-19
Panahi, Y., Gorabi, A. M., Talaei, S., Beiraghdar, F., Akbarzadeh, A., Tarhriz, V., & Mellatyar, H. (2023) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-023-01973-9 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Tocilizumab and COVID-19: Timing of Administration and Efficacy
Abidi, E., Nekidy, W. S. E., Alefishat, E. A., Rahman, N., Petroianu, G. A., El-Lababidi, R. M., & Mallat, J. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.825749 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Rosa, R. G., Cavalcanti, A. B., Azevedo, L. C. P., Veiga, V. C., de Souza, D., dos Santos, R. D. R. M., Schardosim, R. F. D. C., Rech, G. S., Trott, G., Schneider, D., et al. (2023) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-022-06953-1 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationIL-6 inhibition in the treatment of COVID-19: A meta-analysis and meta-regression
Tharmarajah, E., Buazon, A., Patel, V., Hannah, J. R., Adas, M. A., Allen, V. B., Bechman, K., Clarke, B. D., Nagra, D., Norton, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2021.03.008 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Sjoding, M., Admon, A., Saha, A. K., Kay, S., Brown, C., Co, I., Claar, D., McSparron, J., & Dickson, R. (2021) · Annals of the American Thoracic Society · doi:10.1513/annalsats.202008-1076oc · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Tleyjeh, I. M., Kashour, Z., Riaz, M. A., Hassett, L. C., Veiga, V. C., & Kashour, T. S. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.04.019 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Self-citationClinical Management of COVID-19 Patients – An Update
Mølhave, M., Agergaard, J., & Wejse, C. M. (2021) · Seminars in Nuclear Medicine · doi:10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2021.06.004 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Kelleni, M. T. (2021) · SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine · doi:10.1007/s42399-021-00824-4 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
IL-6 modulation for COVID-19: the right patients at the right time?
Ascierto, P. A., Fu, B., & Wei, H. (2021) · Journal for ImmunoTherapy of Cancer · doi:10.1136/jitc-2020-002285 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Albuquerque, A. M., Eckert, I. D. C., Tramujas, L., Butler‐Laporte, G., McDonald, E. G., Brophy, J. M., & Lee, T. C. (2022) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2022.07.008 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
What are the current anti-COVID-19 drugs? From traditional to smart molecular mechanisms
Aboul‐Fotouh, S., Mahmoud, A. N., Elnahas, E. M., Habib, M. Z., & Abdelraouf, S. M. (2023) · Virology Journal · doi:10.1186/s12985-023-02210-z · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Bacterial infections in patients hospitalized with COVID-19
Moreno‐Torres, V., de Mendoza, C., de la Fuente, S., Sánchez, E., Martínez‐Urbistondo, M., Herráiz, J., Gutiérrez, A., Gutiérrez, Á., Hernández, C., Callejas, A., et al. (2021) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-021-02824-7 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Tocilizumab in COVID-19: a study of adverse drug events reported in the WHO database
Charan, J., Dutta, S., Kaur, R. J., Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, P., Ambwani, S. R., Jahan, I., Abubakar, A. R., Islam, S., Hardcastle, T. C., et al. (2021) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2021.1946513 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Focosi, D., Franchini, M., Maggi, F., & Shoham, S. (2024) · Clinical Microbiology Reviews · doi:10.1128/cmr.00119-23 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Alunno, A., Najm, A., Xavier Mariette, A., Marco, G. D., Emmel, J., Mason, L., McGonagle, D., & Machado, P. (2021) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219725 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Karampitsakos, Τ., Παπαϊωάννου, Ο., Tsiri, P., Katsaras, M., Katsimpris, A., Kalogeropoulos, A. P., Malakounidou, E., Zarkadi, E., Tsirikos, G., Georgiopoulou, V. V., et al. (2022) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2022.10.015 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Interleukin-6 blocking agents for treating COVID-19: a living systematic review
Ghosn, L., Assi, R., Evrenoglou, T., Buckley, B. S., Henschke, N., Probyn, K., Riveros, C., Davidson, M., Graña, C., Bonnet, H., et al. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd013881.pub2 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Efficacy of COVID-19 Treatments: A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Zhang, C., Jin, H., Wen, Y. F., & Yin, G. (2021) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2021.729559 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Popescu, I., Snyder, M. E., Iasella, C. J., Hannan, S. J., Koshy, R., Burke, R., Das, A., Brown, M. J., Lyons, E. J., Lieber, S. C., et al. (2022) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.202111-2493oc · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Harnessing Type I IFN Immunity Against SARS-CoV-2 with Early Administration of IFN-β
Vinh, D. C., Abel, L., Bastard, P., Cheng, M. P., Condino‐Neto, A., Gregersen, P. K., Haerynck, F., Cicalese, M. P., Hagin, D., Soler‐Palacín, P., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1007/s10875-021-01068-6 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Vascular endotheliitis associated with infections: Its pathogenetic role and therapeutic implication
Hattori, Y., Hattori, K., Machida, T., & Matsuda, N. (2022) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2022.114909 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Key summary of German national treatment guidance for hospitalized COVID-19 patients
Malin, J. J., Spinner, C. D., Janssens, U., Welte, T., Weber‐Carstens, S., Schälte, G., Gastmeier, P., Länger, F. P., Wepler, M., Westhoff, M., et al. (2021) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-021-01645-2 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Rubio‐Rivas, M., Forero, C. G., Mora‐Luján, J. M., Montero, A., Formiga, F., Homs, N. A., Albà‐Albalate, J., Sánchez, L., Rello, J., & Corbella, X. (2021) · Pharmacotherapy The Journal of Human Pharmacology and Drug Therapy · doi:10.1002/phar.2627 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and autoimmunity
Nasonov, E. L. (2021) · Rheumatology Science and Practice · doi:10.47360/1995-4484-2021-5-30 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Tocilizumab for coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy and lactation: a narrative review
Jorgensen, S. C. J., & Lapinsky, S. E. (2021) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2021.08.016 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Reduced adiponectin levels in patients with COVID‐19 acute respiratory failure: A case‐control study
Kearns, S. M., Ahern, K. W., Patrie, J. T., Horton, W. B., Harris, T. E., & Kadl, A. (2021) · Physiological Reports · doi:10.14814/phy2.14843 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Kyriakopoulos, C., Ntritsos, G., Gogali, A., Milionis, H. J., Εvangelou, Ε., & Κostikas, Κ. (2021) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.14152 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Shen, H., Zhang, N., Liu, Y., Yang, X., He, Y., Li, Q., Shen, X., Zhu, Y., & Yang, Y. M. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.805535 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Tocilizumab in Hospitalized Patients with COVID-19: A Meta Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials
Selvaraj, V., Khan, M. S., Bavishi, C., Dapaah-Afriyie, K., Finn, A., Lal, A., & Mylonakis, E. E. (2021) · Lung · doi:10.1007/s00408-021-00451-9 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Piscoya, A., del Riego, A. P., Cerna-Viacava, R., Rocco, J., Roman, Y. M., Escobedo, A. A., Pasupuleti, V., White, C. M., & Hernández, A. V. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0269368 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Yu, S., Koh, D.-H., Choi, M., Ryoo, S., Huh, K., Yeom, J., & Yoon, Y. K. (2022) · Emerging Microbes & Infections · doi:10.1080/22221751.2022.2059405 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Campbell, C., Andersson, M. I., Ansari, M. A., Moswela, O., Misbah, S., Klenerman, P., & Matthews, P. C. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.706482 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Bassetti, M., Giacobbe, D. R., Bruzzi, P., Barisione, E., Centanni, S., Castaldo, N., Corcione, S., Rosa, F. G. D., Marco, F. D., Gori, A., et al. (2021) · Infectious Diseases and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40121-021-00487-7 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Phenotyping in acute respiratory distress syndrome: state of the art and clinical implications
Alipanah, N., & Calfee, C. S. (2021) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0000000000000903 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Current COVID-19 treatments: Rapid review of the literature
Dong, Y., Shamsuddin, A., Campbell, H. J., & Τheodoratou, E. (2021) · Journal of Global Health · doi:10.7189/jogh.11.10003 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Downregulation of type III interferons in patients with severe COVID‐19
Fukuda, Y., Homma, T., Inoue, H., Onitsuka, C., Ikeda, H., Goto, Y., Sato, Y., Kimura, T., Hirai, K., Ohta, S., et al. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26993 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Sulaiman, K. A. A., Aljuhani, O. A., Shaya, A. I. A., Kharbosh, A., Kensara, R., Guwairy, A. A., Alharbi, A. A., Algarni, R., Harbi, S. A. A., Vishwakarma, R. K., et al. (2021) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-021-03785-1 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Zeraatkar, D., Cusano, E., Martinez, J. P. D., Qasim, A., Mangala, S., Kum, E., Bartoszko, J. J., Devji, T., Agoritsas, T., Guyatt, G. H., et al. (2022) · BMJ Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjmed-2021-000036 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Yavropoulou, M. P., Filippa, M. G., Mantzou, A., Ntziora, F., Mylona, M., Tektonidou, M. G., Vlachogiannis, N. I., Paraskevis, D., Kaltsas, G. A., Chrousos, G. P., et al. (2022) · Endocrine · doi:10.1007/s12020-021-02968-8 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Lópes, R. D., Silva, P. G. M. D. B. E., Furtado, R. H. M., Macedo, A. V. S., Ramacciotti, E., Damini, L. P., Bronhara, B., Cavalcanti, A. B., Rosa, R. G., Azevedo, L. C. P., et al. (2021) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2021.04.005 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Self-citationCOVID-19 Critical Illness: A Data-Driven Review
Ginestra, J. C., Mitchell, O. J. L., Anesi, G. L., & Christie, J. D. (2021) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev-med-042420-110629 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Srinivasan, K., Pandey, A. K., Livingston, A., & Venkatesh, S. (2021) · Molecular Biomedicine · doi:10.1186/s43556-021-00060-1 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Albuquerque, A. M., Tramujas, L., Sewanan, L. R., Williams, D. R., & Brophy, J. M. (2022) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.0548 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Red blood cell distribution width as a marker of hyperinflammation and mortality in COVID-19
Moreno‐Torres, V., Sánchez-Chica, E., Castejón, R., Caballero-Bermejo, A. F., Mills, P., Diago-Sempere, E., Rosado, S., Sancho‐López, A., Vargas‐Núñez, J., Ruíz‐Antorán, B., et al. (2022) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-22-119 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
An update on the pathogenic role of IL-6 in rheumatic diseases
Kaneko, Y., & Takeuchi, T. (2021) · Cytokine · doi:10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155645 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Lau, C. S., Hoo, S. P., Koh, J., Phua, S. K., & Aw, T. C. (2021) · Journal of Virological Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114224 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Giossi, R., Menichelli, D., Pani, A., Tratta, E., Romandini, A., Roncato, R., Nani, A., Schenardi, P. A., Diani, E., Fittipaldo, V. A., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.698008 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Statistical analyses of ordinal outcomes in randomised controlled trials: a scoping review
Selman, C. J., Lee, K. J., Ferguson, K. N., Whitehead, C. L., Manley, B. J., & Mahar, R. K. (2024) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-024-08072-2 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Prophylaxis and treatment of COVID-19 related venous thromboembolism
Kaptein, F. H. J., Stals, M. A. M., Huisman, M. V., & Klok, F. A. (2021) · Postgraduate Medicine · doi:10.1080/00325481.2021.1891788 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
El-Menyar, A. A., Mekkodathil, A. A., Asim, M., Consunji, R. J., Rizoli, S. B., Bahey, A. A., & Al-Thani, H. A. S. (2021) · Science Progress · doi:10.1177/00368504211016936 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
IL-6 blockade for COVID-19: a global scientific call to arms
Murthy, S., & Lee, T. C. (2021) · The Lancet Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1016/s2213-2600(21)00127-2 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Belletti, A., Campochiaro, C., Marmiere, M., Likhvantsev, V. V., Yavorovskiy, A. G., Dagna, L., Landoni, G., Zangrillo, A., & Hajjar, L. A. (2021) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s13613-021-00941-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Existing Drugs Considered as Promising in COVID-19 Therapy
Janik, E., Niemcewicz, M., Podogrocki, M., Saluk, J., & Bijak, M. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22115434 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Vela, D., Vela‐Gaxha, Z., Rexhepi, M., Olloni, R., Hyseni, V., & Nallbani, R. (2021) · British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bcp.15124 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Management of hepatitis B virus reactivation due to treatment of COVID-19
Yip, T. C., Gill, M. G., Wong, G. L., & Liu, K. (2022) · Hepatology International · doi:10.1007/s12072-022-10306-x · Cited by 28 · see citing works
McElvaney, O. J., McEvoy, N. L., Boland, F., McElvaney, O. J., Hogan, G., Donnelly, K., Friel, O., Browne, E., Fraughen, D. D., Murphy, M. P., et al. (2022) · Med · doi:10.1016/j.medj.2022.03.001 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Incidence and risk factors of COVID-19 associated pneumothorax
Taha, M., Elahi, M., Wahby, K. A., & Samavati, L. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0271964 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Chen, J. Z., Hoang, H. L., Yaskina, M., Kabbani, D., Doucette, K. E., Smith, S. W., Lau, C., Stewart, J. J., Remtulla, S., Zurek, K., et al. (2023) · The Lancet Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/s1473-3099(22)00832-5 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
PMI-controlled mannose metabolism and glycosylation determines tissue tolerance and virus fitness
Liang, R., Ye, Z., Qin, Z., Xie, Y., Yang, X., Sun, H., Du, Q., Luo, P., Tang, K., Hu, B., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-46415-4 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Lin, W., Hung, S., Lai, C., Wang, C., & Chen, C. (2021) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107602 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Tocilizumab in the treatment of COVID-19—a meta-analysis
Avni, T., Leibovici, L., Cohen, I., Atamna, A., Guz, D., Paul, M., Gafter‐Gvili, A., & Yahav, D. (2021) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcab142 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Crichton, M. L., Goeminne, P., Tuand, K., Vandendriessche, T., Tonia, T., Roche, N., & Chalmers, J. D. (2021) · European Respiratory Review · doi:10.1183/16000617.0171-2021 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Godolphin, P. J., Fisher, D. J., Berry, L. R., Derde, L. P. G., Diaz, J. V., Gordon, A. C., Lorenzi, E., Marshall, J. C., Murthy, S., Shankar‐Hari, M., et al. (2022) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0270668 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Sarilumab Administration in COVID-19 Patients: Literature Review and Considerations
Marıno, A., Munafò, A., Augello, E., Bellanca, C. M., Bonomo, C., Ceccarelli, M., Musso, N., Cantarella, G., Cacopardo, B. S., & Bernardini, R. (2022) · Infectious Disease Reports · doi:10.3390/idr14030040 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Zarębska‐Michaluk, D., Jaroszewicz, J., Rogalska, M., Martonik, D., Pabjan, P., Berkan‐Kawińska, A., Bolewska, B., Oczko-Grzesik, B., Kozielewicz, D., Tudrujek‐Zdunek, M., et al. (2021) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s322645 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Mhawish, H., Mady, A. M., Alaklobi, F., Aletreby, W., Asad, T., Al-Odat, M. A., Alharthy, A. M., Abdulrahman, B., Almahwi, S. A., & Memish, Z. A. (2021) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.amsu.2021.102951 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Ngamprasertchai, T., Kajeekul, R., Sivakorn, C., Ruenroengbun, N., Luvira, V., Siripoon, T., & Luangasanatip, N. (2021) · Infectious Diseases and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s40121-021-00545-0 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Veiga, V. C., Prats, J. A. G. G., Farias, D. L. C., Rosa, R. G., Dourado, L. K., Zampieri, F. G., Machado, F. R., Lopes, R. D., Berwanger, O., Azevedo, L. C. P., Avezum, Á., Lisboa, T. C., Rojas, S. S. O., Coelho, J. C., Leite, R. T., Carvalho, J. C., Andrade, L. E. C., Sandes, A. F., Pintão, M. C. T., Castro, C. G., Santos, S. V., de Almeida, T. M. L., Costa, A. N., Gebara, O. C. E., de Freitas, F. G. R., Pacheco, E. S., Machado, D. J. B., Martin, J., Conceição, F. G., Siqueira, S. R. R., Damiani, L. P., Ishihara, L. M., Schneider, D., de Souza, D., Cavalcanti, A. B., & Scheinberg, P.
- Affiliations
- Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BR)
- Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo (BR)
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein (BR)
- Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz (BR)
- Fleury S.A. (Brazil) (BR)
- Hospital Sírio-Libanês (BR)
- Hospital Santa Paula (BR)
- Hospital Sepaco (BR)
- Estátikos (Brazil) (BR)
- Hospital Moinhos de Vento (BR)
- Corresponding author
- Veiga, Viviane C
- ORCID
- Veiga, Viviane C
- Prats, João A G G
- Farias, Danielle L C
- Zampieri, Fernando G
- Berwanger, Otavio
- Azevedo, Luciano C P
- Avezum, Álvaro
- Lisboa, Thiago C
- Rojas, Salomón S O
- Coelho, Juliana C
- Sandes, Alex F
- Pintão, Maria C T
- Costa, André N
- Gebara, Otávio C E
- Machado, David J B
- Siqueira, Suellen R R
- Damiani, Lucas P
- Ishihara, Luciana M
- Schneider, Daniel
- Cavalcanti, Alexandre B
- Scheinberg, Phillip
- Venue
- BMJ
- Publisher
- BMJ
- Published
- 2021-01-20
- Volume
- 372
- Pages
- n84
- ISSN
- 1756-1833 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7815251
- OpenAlex
- W3121693389
- Cited by
- 388
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 105 · 2021: 191 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 29.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMJ (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Respiratory Support and Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Keywords
- tocilizumab, COVID-19 pandemic, severe COVID-19, critical COVID-19, IL-6 receptor inhibition, cytokine storm, mechanical ventilation, mortality, adverse events, early trial termination, D-dimer, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, C-reactive protein, serum biomarkers, treatment efficacy and safety, Brazil, SARS-CoV-2
- MeSH terms
- COVID-19, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Hospitalization, Humans, Infusions, Intravenous, Male, Middle Aged, Respiration, Artificial, Severity of Illness Index, Critical Illness, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
