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Cited by 299Probiotics and Fermented FoodsGut microbiota and healthLiver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 142 of the 144 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Impact of bacterial probiotics on obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease related variables: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Open access
Koutnikova, Hana, Genser, Bernd, Monteiro-Sepulveda, Milena, Faurie, Jean-Michel, Rizkalla, Salwa, Schrezenmeir, Jürgen, Clément, Karine·2019·BMJ Open
DOI 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017995PMC PMC6475231
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Abstract

Objective: To systematically review the effect of oral intake of bacterial probiotics on 15 variables related to obesity, diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources: Medline, EMBASE and COCHRANE from 1990 to June 2018. Eligibility criteria: Randomised controlled trials (≥14 days) excluding hypercholesterolaemia, alcoholic liver disease, polycystic ovary syndrome and children <3 years. Results: One hundred and five articles met inclusion criteria, representing 6826 subjects. In overweight but not obese subjects, probiotics induced improvements in: body weight (k=25 trials, d=−0.94 kg mean difference, 95% CI −1.17 to −0.70, I²=0.0%), body mass index (k=32, d=−0.55 kg/m², 95% CI −0.86 to −0.23, I²=91.9%), waist circumference (k=13, d=−1.31 cm, 95% CI −1.79 to −0.83, I²=14.5%), body fat mass (k=11, d=−0.96 kg, 95% CI −1.21 to −0.71, I²=0.0%) and visceral adipose tissue mass (k=5, d=−6.30 cm², 95% CI −9.05 to −3.56, I²=0.0%). In type 2 diabetics, probiotics reduced fasting glucose (k=19, d=−0.66 mmol/L, 95% CI −1.00 to −0.31, I²=27.7%), glycated haemoglobin (k=13, d=−0.28 pp, 95% CI −0.46 to −0.11, I²=54.1%), insulin (k=13, d=−1.66 mU/L, 95% CI −2.70 to −0.61, I²=37.8%) and homeostatic model of insulin resistance (k=10, d=−1.05 pp, 95% CI −1.48 to −0.61, I²=18.2%). In subjects with fatty liver diseases, probiotics reduced alanine (k=12, d=−10.2 U/L, 95% CI −14.3 to −6.0, I²=93.50%) and aspartate aminotransferases (k=10, d=−9.9 U/L, 95% CI −14.1 to -5.8, I²=96.1%). These improvements were mostly observed with bifidobacteria ( Bifidobacterium breve , B. longum ), Streptococcus salivarius subsp . thermophilus and lactobacilli ( Lactobacillus acidophilus , L. casei , L. delbrueckii ) containing mixtures and influenced by trials conducted in one country. Conclusions: The intake of probiotics resulted in minor but consistent improvements in several metabolic risk factors in subjects with metabolic diseases. Trial registration number: CRD42016033273.

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Crossref · 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017995

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Figure 1 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram.
Figure 1 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses flow diagram.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Results of meta-analyses: overall estimates and estimates obtained in specific study populations: (A) anthropometric variables and BMI, (B) glucose homeostasis, (C) liver enzymes. (X-axis) Absolute difference in mean change from baseline (probiotics—control groups): random effects estimate and 95% CI; outcomes (measurement unit): ALAT, alanine aminotransferase; ALL, all studies pooled; ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; BFM, body fat mass; BMI, body mass index; BW, body weight; FG, fasting glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; INS, fasting insulin; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NW, normal weight; OB, obese; OW, overweight, T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus, WC, waist circumference.
Figure 2 Results of meta-analyses: overall estimates and estimates obtained in specific study populations: (A) anthropometric variables and BMI, (B) glucose homeostasis, (C) liver enzymes. (X-axis) Absolute difference in mean change from baseline (probiotics—control groups): random effects estimate and 95% CI; outcomes (measurement unit): ALAT, alanine aminotransferase; ALL, all studies pooled; ASAT, aspartate aminotransferase; BFM, body fat mass; BMI, body mass index; BW, body weight; FG, fasting glucose; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transferase; HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; INS, fasting insulin; NAFLD, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; NW, normal weight; OB, obese; OW, overweight, T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus, WC, waist circumference.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Results of subgroup meta-analyses stratified by probiotics species and total number of different species administered (data shown for at least three trials): (A) body weight (kg), (b) fasting glucose (mmol/L), (C) glycated haemoglobin (%). (X-axis) Absolute difference in mean change from baseline (probiotics group—control group): random effects estimate and 95% CI. B. bif, Bifidobacterium bifidum; B. brev, Bifidobacterium breve; B. lac., Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis; B. lon., Bifidobacterium longum; S. therm., Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus; Lc. lact, Lactococcus lactis; L. hel., Lactobacillus helveticus; L. acid., Lactobacillus acidophilus; L. del., Lactobacillus delbrueckii; L. gas., Lactobacillus gasseri; L. reut., Lactobacillus reuteri; L. fer., Lactobacillus fermentum; L. rham., Lactobacillus rhamnosus; L. cas. gr., Lactobacillus casei or paracasei; L. sal., Lactobacillus salivarius; L. plan., Lactobacillus plantarum.
Figure 3 Results of subgroup meta-analyses stratified by probiotics species and total number of different species administered (data shown for at least three trials): (A) body weight (kg), (b) fasting glucose (mmol/L), (C) glycated haemoglobin (%). (X-axis) Absolute difference in mean change from baseline (probiotics group—control group): random effects estimate and 95% CI. B. bif, Bifidobacterium bifidum; B. brev, Bifidobacterium breve; B. lac., Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis; B. lon., Bifidobacterium longum; S. therm., Streptococcus salivarius subsp. thermophilus; Lc. lact, Lactococcus lactis; L. hel., Lactobacillus helveticus; L. acid., Lactobacillus acidophilus; L. del., Lactobacillus delbrueckii; L. gas., Lactobacillus gasseri; L. reut., Lactobacillus reuteri; L. fer., Lactobacillus fermentum; L. rham., Lactobacillus rhamnosus; L. cas. gr., Lactobacillus casei or paracasei; L. sal., Lactobacillus salivarius; L. plan., Lactobacillus plantarum.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

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  1. 2018, EFSA Journal, 16, e05315
  2. 10.2307/2669529 · DOI
  3. 10.1177/1074248414555004 · DOI · Paper page

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Metadata

Authors
Koutnikova, H., Genser, B., Monteiro-Sepulveda, M., Faurie, J.-M., Rizkalla, S., Schrezenmeir, J., & Clément, K.
Affiliations
  • Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau, France
  • University of Mannheim (DE)
  • Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris (FR)
  • Danone (France) (FR)
  • Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
  • Inserm (FR)
Corresponding author
Clément, Karine
ORCID
Venue
BMJ Open
Publisher
BMJ
Published
2019-03
Volume
9
Issue
3
Pages
e017995
ISSN
2044-6055 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017995
PMC
PMC6475231
OpenAlex
W2925399545
Cited by
299
References
144
Citations by year
2026: 22 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 45 · 2020: 45 · 2019: 11
FWCI
3.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • BMJ Open (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
  • HighWire Press Open Archive (submittedVersion)
Funders
Danone Research
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Probiotics and Fermented Foods
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
Keywords
probiotics, obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, overweight, body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, visceral adipose tissue, fasting blood glucose, HbA1c, insulin resistance, insulin sensitivity, gut microbiota, intestinal barrier, intestinal permeability
MeSH terms
Diabetes Mellitus, Humans, Obesity, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Treatment Outcome, Dietary Supplements, Probiotics, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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