Is adherence to the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Behaviour Guidelines for Children and Youth associated with improved indicators of physical, mental, and social health?
Open accessAbstract
The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth were released in 2016. These guidelines contained recommendations for moderate to vigorous physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration. The objectives of this study were to determine (i) if achieving the individual recommendations and combinations of the recommendations within the guidelines is associated with indicators of physical, mental, and social health within children and youth; (ii) if meeting the recommendation for a specific movement behaviour is associated with larger differences in physical, mental, and social health indicators compared with meeting the recommendations for the other specific movement behaviours; and (iii) if physical, mental, and social health indicators differ according to different combinations of the guideline recommendations achieved. To address these objectives, we studied a representative sample of over 17 000 Canadians aged 10–17 years. The findings indicated that participants achieving any given recommendation had preferable scores for the health outcomes compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations. There was a dose–response pattern between the number of recommendations achieved and the health outcomes, indicating that the health outcomes improved as more recommendations were achieved. When the number of recommendations achieved was the same, there were no differences in the health outcomes. For instance, health indicators scores were not different in the group who achieved the sleep and screen time recommendations, the group who achieved sleep and moderate to vigorous physical activity recommendations, and the group who achieved screen time and moderate to vigorous physical activity recommendations.
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Participants achieving all 3 recommendations had preferable scores for social and emotional health compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations.
“3/3 studies found that participants achieving all 3 recommendations had preferable scores for the health outcomes compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations.”
Participants achieving all 3 recommendations had preferable scores for life satisfaction and prosocial behaviour compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations.
“Life satisfaction and prosocial behaviour [37].1/1 study found that participants achieving all 3 recommendations had preferable scores for the health outcomes compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations.”
A dose-response relationship exists between the number of recommendations met and mental health outcomes, with a greater number met associated with lower risk of mental health problems.
“2/10 studies found a dose-response relationship between the number of recommendations met and mental health outcomes [33, 37].”
Some studies found that meeting the recommendations for MVPA, screen time, and sleep duration each had comparable strength of association with mental health indicators.
“While some studies found that meeting the recommendations for MVPA, screen time, and sleep duration each had a comparable strength of association with mental health indicators [37, 39]”
Different intermediate combinations of the recommendations had similar influence on mental health indicators while the number of recommendations met was the same.
“Janssen et al. [37] provided evidence for a dose-response gradient between the number of movement behaviour recommendations met and mental health indicators, and found that different intermediate combinations of the recommendations had similar influence on mental health indicators while the number of recommendations met was the same.”
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- Authors
- Janssen, I., Roberts, K. C., & Thompson, W.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Public Health Agency of Canada (CA)
- Venue
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2017-07
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 725-731
- ISSN
- 1715-5312 (ISSN-L)
- 1715-5320
- OpenAlex
- W2588923472
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 6.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TSpace (University of Toronto) (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Public Health Agency of Canada
- Public Health Agency
- Canada Research Chairs
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- children and young people, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, screen time, sleep duration, physical health, mental health, social health, dose-response relationship, guideline adherence, health indicators
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adolescent Behavior, Canada, Child, Child Behavior, Cross-Sectional Studies, Diet, Female, Health Policy, Health Status, Humans, Male, Patient Compliance, Sleep, Social Behavior, Health Behavior, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Guidelines as Topic, Sedentary Behavior
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