Adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines among 10- to 17-year-old Canadians
Open accessAbstract
Introduction: The Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth were released in 2016. They contain specific recommendations on the daily time that 5- to 17-year-olds should devote to moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, recreational screen time, and sleep. The objective of this study was to estimate the proportion of Canadians aged 10 to 17 years that meet the recommendations contained within the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth. Methods: A nationally representative sample of 22 115 young people was examined. Movement behaviour data were self-reported. Adherence to the guideline recommendations were based on the following: accumulation of at least 60 minutes per day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, no more than 2 hours per day of recreational screen time, and 9 to 11 hours/night of uninterrupted sleep for those aged 10 to 13 years or 8 to 10 hours/night for those aged 14 to 17 years. Results: Only 3% of the sample met all three of the key recommendations contained in the guidelines. Twenty-five percent met two of the recommendations, 51% met one of the recommendations, and 21% met none of the three recommendations. More children and youth met recommendations for sleep duration (66%) than for moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (35%) and screen time (8%). Conclusion: A small minority ($lt; 3%) of Canadians aged 10 to 17 years met all three of the key recommendations contained in the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth.
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The prevalence of children and adolescents from different countries who meet all three recommendations in the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines varies between 3% and 10%.
“the prevalence of children and adolescents from different countries around the world who meet all three recommendations contained within the guidelines varies between 3 to 10% [18–23].”
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“Participants indicated their daily screen time as “no time spent”, “30 min”, “1 h”, “2 h”, “3 h”, “4 h”, “5 h”, “6 h”, or “≥7 h” [18,19].”
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“These barriers may be related to gender stereotyping in sport and may be alleviated when participating in female-only sports (Johnstone and Millar, 2012).”
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“…than 2 h of recreational screen time per day (Canadian Society for Exercise Physiology, 2018), but population surveillance surveys have consistently indicated that less than half, and as low as 5%, of youth meet this guideline (Buchan et al., 2020; Janssen et al., 2017; Leatherdale & Ahmed, 2011).”
Background24-Hour Movement Guidelines: Descriptive Study with Overweight and Obese Low-Income Children
Bergmann, G. G., Gaya, A. R., Silva, L. R., da Cruz, J. H. D. B., Motta, T. C., Ferreira, G. D., & Pinheiro, E. D. S. (2023) · Journal of Movement & Health · doi:10.5027/jmh-vol20-issue2(2023)art183 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Okul Çocuklarında Uyku Bozukluğu Semptomları İle Sağlıklı Yaşam Davranışları Arasındaki İlişki
BİLDİRİCİ, Y., Sungur, S., Muz, F. N. Ö., Bal, M., Akkoca, Z., & Metintaş, S. (2023) · OSMANGAZİ JOURNAL OF MEDICINE · doi:10.20515/otd.1344793 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Sejín, J. R. R., Arango-Paternina, C. M., Flórez-Pregonero, A., & Villada, F. A. P. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22646-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“The most frequent outcomes reported by studies were the adherence to the 24-HBM guidelines ( n = 54) [33, 34, 39, 43, 44, 49–53, 55, 59, 64, 68, 70, 71, 73, 74, 100, 105, 109–111, 117, 121, 125, 129, 132, 135, 142, 154, 155, 167, 173, 183, 186, 189, 193, 195, 199, 201, 213–215, 220–223, 225, 228,…”
InfluentialZhang, D., Zhang, D., Yang, X., López‐Gil, J. F., & Chen, S. (2024) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2024.101903 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Electronic Devices Use Association with Psychological Distress and Sleep among Adolescents
Atoum, M., Al-Rawashdeh, S. Y., Atoum, D., Atoum, H., & Atoum, R. (2021) · Electronic Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.29333/ejgm/11314 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Atoum, M., Al-Rawashdeh, S. Y., Al-Hawamdih, S., Atoum, H., Atoum, D., Atoum, S. A., & Almwajeh, A. (2022) · Electronic Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.29333/ejgm/12231 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
González, O. D.-J., Edache, I. Y., Tugault-Lafleur, C. N., & Mâsse, L. C. (2025) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2025.103192 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“However, in a nationally representative sample of 22,115 Canadian youth aged 10 – 17, only 35 % met the activity guideline, and just 8 % met the screen-time recommendation (Janssen et al., 2017).”
Sleep patterns of Canadian women across the life course: A systematic review
Woods, S. E., Nistor, P., Anderson, K. K., & Stranges, S. (2025) · Women s Health · doi:10.1177/17455057251367141 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“35,38,39 This is problematic because lifestyle patterns during childhood persist into adulthood, and those with healthy habits are at lower risk of cardiometabolic disease, with the opposite being true for those with unhealthy patterns.”
Alarming low adherence to the 24-Hour Movement Behavior in adolescents — the Cogni-Action Project
Rojas-Araya, L. F., Espinoza‐Puelles, J. P., Ferrari, G., Toledo-Vargas, M., Aguilar-Farías, N., & Cristi‐Montero, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2025.1646147 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ademoyegun, A. B., Afolabi, V. A., Awotipe, A. A., Kolade, A. A., Awotidebe, T. O., & Mbada, C. E. (2025) · Bulletin of Faculty of Physical Therapy · doi:10.1186/s43161-025-00314-x · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“This phenomenon has been reported earlier by Janssen et al. [16].”
Goto, R., Kitagaki, K., Horibe, K., Tamura, K., Yamada, N., & Ono, R. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10010135 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
“Children indicated daily screen time for each device, including TV/video, computer/video games, and mobile phone [33,34].”
Pediatric Headache Patients Are at High Risk of Vitamin D Insufficiency
Deschênes, É. R., Do, J., Tsampalieros, A. K., Webster, R. J., Whitley, N., Ward, L. M., & Pohl, D. (2024) · Journal of Child Neurology · doi:10.1177/08830738241284057 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Keys, E., Michon, T.-L., Boogaart, K., & Beck, A. (2024) · SLEEP Advances · doi:10.1093/sleepadvances/zpae075 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Li, W., & Zhu, Y. (2026) · International Journal of Social Welfare · doi:10.1111/ijsw.70075 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Saputra, A., Muzaffar, A., & Yusradinafi, Y. (2023) · PPSDP International Journal of Education · doi:10.59175/pijed.v2i2.103 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Although the relationship between health and moving habits is often discussed separately, there is evidence that the behavior of frequently performed movements is associated with fitness status throughout the day (the 24-hour period) (Janssen et al., 2017b).”
Murray, R. M., Sylvester, B. D., Sabiston, C. M., Doré, I., & Bélanger, M. F. (2024) · Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology · doi:10.1123/jsep.2023-0276 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Burns, K. E., Chaurasia, A. K., Carson, V., & Leatherdale, S. T. (2021) · SSM - Population Health · doi:10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100805 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“…2021 SSM - Population Health 14 (2021) 100805 recommend that youth aged 5–17 accumulate at least 60 min of MVPA per day, however only about one-third of Canadian youth are meeting these MVPA recommendations (Colley et al., 2017; Janssen et al., 2017; ParticipACTION, 2018; Roberts et al., 2017).”
BackgroundSUNRISE Pilot Study: Canadian Surveillance Study of Movement Behaviours in the Early Years
Turner, E. (2020) · doi:10.22215/etd/2020-14018 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
COMPLIANCE NAS ENTIDADES DE PRÁTICA DESPORTIVA
de Séllos-Knoerr, V. C., & Filho, P. C. G. (2021) · doi:10.22533/at.ed.8572116119
Estratégias para minimizar o uso de telas por crianças: Revisão Integrativa
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Relationship between peer group size and active outdoor play in children aged 9–12 years
Tamura, K., Ueda, Y., SAITO, T. K., Goto, R., Yamada, N., Nakatsuka, K., Uchida, K., Horibe, K., Saeki, K., Encho, H., et al. (2023) · The Journal of Physical Fitness and Sports Medicine · doi:10.7600/jpfsm.12.133
Effect of Centrality on Physical Activity in Late Childhood: A 1-Year Prospective Cohort Study
Tamura, K., Saito, T., Ueda, Y., Goto, R., Yamada, N., Akisue, T., & Ono, R. (2024) · Children · doi:10.3390/children11091084
“The children respond from a list of nine of the following: “never”, “about 30 min”, “about 1 h”, “2 h”, “3 h”, “4 h”, “5 h”, “6 h”, and “at least 7 h” [22].”
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- Authors
- Janssen, I., Roberts, K. C., & Thompson, W.
- Affiliations
- Queen's University (CA)
- Public Health Agency of Canada (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Janssen, Ian
- Venue
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada
- Publisher
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention Branch (HPCDP) Public Health Agency of Canada
- Published
- 2017-11
- Volume
- 37
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 369-375
- ISSN
- 2368-738X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5695900
- OpenAlex
- W2767570202
- Cited by
- 84
- References
- 26
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 4.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Public Health Agency of Canada
- Public Health Agency
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Obesity, Physical Activity, Diet
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- guideline adherence, children and young people, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, recreational screen time, sleep duration, physical activity guidelines, Canadian youth
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Sleep, Television, Time Factors, Exercise, Guidelines as Topic, Video Games, Guideline Adherence, Self Report, Social Media
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